贵州省贵阳市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第四次月考英语试卷

高二英语试卷 注意事项： 1,答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答 題卡上填写清楚。 2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每 段对话仅读一遍。 1.What is Mrs.Smith doing? A.Acting in a play. B.Working at an office. C.Taking an interview. 2.What will the woman probably do next? A.Buy a train ticket. B.Give directions. C.Tour around the city. 3.What did Maria learn recently? A.News reporting. B.Some survival skills. C.Ways to build confidence. 4.Who is the oldest living dog now? A.Bobi. B.Bluey. C.Spike. 5.Why is the woman apologizing? A.She bought too many items. B.She wasted too much money C.She spent too much time shopping. 高二英语·第1页（共12页） 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒 钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6.What is the conversation mainly about? A.Explanations for world map. B.Reasons for cultural differences. C.Causes of population growth. 7.What does the man believe influenced Australians most? A.The weather. B.The landscape. C.English traditions. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8.What is worrying the woman about the new movie? A.The story. B.The rating. C.The length. 9.What does the man think of the recent movie? A.It's fascinating. B.It's serious. C.It's humorous. 10.How does the woman probably watch Barbie? A.She goes to the cinema. B.She spends a few nights on it. C.She watches it with her kids. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11.What is the relationship between the speakers? A.Travel agent and customer. B.Athlete and coach. C.TV host and guest. 12.How many songs did Jasmine sing at the Super Bowl? A.Six. B.Three. C.Twelve. 13.Where is the last stop of the concert tour? A.North America. B.Asia. C.Europe. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.In a hotel. B.In a car. C.In the woman's home. 高二英语·第2页（共12页） 15.Why does the woman care about the time? A.She hopes to see some certain animals. B.She doesn't want to miss the sunset. C.She worries about her safety 16.What did the woman forget? A.Her key card. B.Her food. C.Her camera. 17.What will the man do for the woman? A.Send her some photographs. B.Give her number to a friend. C.Deliver her a list of things she needs 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18.What is applied to the new phone? A.New communication technology. B.A different power mode. C.A smart lock system. 19.What is the inspiration for the phone's name? A.Its function. B.Its shape. C.Its camera. 20.What is special about the camera of the Moon Glow 2? A.It has a top design in its appearance. B.It can take clear photos of distant things. C.It works better at night than during the day. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）》 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）》 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Top Stays for Travelers Who Prioritize Sustainability Here's a look at four hotels that are taking the green lead,bravely committing to a net-zero future. Boutiquehotel Stadthalle In a restored turn-of-the-century house surrounded by solar panels and garden beds,the 79-room hotel has been running on solar power and other renewables since 2009.Its rooms are equipped with recycled wine bottle chandeliers(枝形吊灯).Breakfast is in the garden among herb pots and flowers.Up above,the flower roof attracts many butterflies and bees. Hackengasse 20,1150 Wien,Vienna;+43-1982-4272 高二英语·第3页（共12页） room2 Chiswick Recognizing the climate crisis,room2 owner Robert Godwi spent two years planning a "whole life"net-zero hotel.There are a host of invisible elements like a blue roof that changes rainwater into energy.A biodiverse green roof uses 200 tons of soil and wildflowers aimed at absorbing CO2. 10 Windmill Rd,Chiswick,London:+4420-3988-0220 Comfort Hotel Solna In June 2021,Scandinavia welcomed its first certificated "zero-energy"hotel.The 336-room hotel lies a few miles north of central Stockholm.The building has 2,500 square meters of colorful solar cells which provide energy to cool and heat the building.This "energy- smart"hotel shows off Nordic design while being relatively easy on the wallet. Evenemangsgatan 48,169 56 Solna,Sweden:+468-1216-1480 Four Elements Hotel This hotel uses the wind to produce energy for air conditioning and heating.It uses solar energy to produce electricity and heat water.The "Earth,Wind Fire"idea came from engineer Dr Ben Bronsema.The top-floor Wind Sky Bar and the Herbs Garden restaurant of the hotel are must-tries. Bert Haanstrakade 1074,1087 H,Amsterdam;+312-0714-2040 21.Where can you see some recycled items? A.At room2 Chiswick. B.At Comfort Hotel Solna. C.At Four Elements Hotel. D.At Boutiquehotel Stadthalle. 22.Which is a feature of room2 Chiswick? A.A CO,-absorbing roof. B.A line of colorful solar cells. C.The Herbs Garden restaurant. D.A meal among herb pots and flowers. 23.Who might be interested in all these four hotels? A.Travelers who are on a budget. B.Children who are nature lovers. C.Visitors who want a green travel. D.Parents who are fond of biodiversity. 高二英语·第4页（共12页） B Jason Allen was almost too nervous to enter his first art competition.Now,his award-winning image has caused controversy ) In August,Allen,a game designer from Pueblo West,won first place in the Colorado State Fair Fine Arts Competition.His winning image was made with Midjourney-an artificial system that can produce detailed images when fed written prompts ) Allen's winning image is one of three such images he entered in the competition.The definition for the category in which Allen competed states that digital art refers to works that use digital technology as part of the creative or presentation process.Allen used Midjourey to create his image. Midjourney is one of a growing number of Al image generators.Others include Google Research's Imagen and OpenAI's DALL-E 2.Anyone can use Midjourney,while DALL-E 2 requires an invitation,and Imagen has not been opened up to users outside Google. Whether these tools can truly make art or assist humans in making art came into sharp focus not long after Allen's win.Some artists were angered by his win because of his use of AI to create the image."This is really bad for the exact same reason we don't let robots participate in the Olympics."one artist wrote. Cal Duran,an artist and art teacher who was one of the judges for the competition,said that while Allen's piece included a mention of Midjourney,he didn't realize that it was generated by AI when judging it.Still,he stuck by his decision to award it first place in its category,calling it a beautiful piece."There's a lot involved in this piece and I think AI technology may give more opportunities to people who may not find themselves artists in the conventional way."he said. Allen won't yet say what the text prompt was behind his winning image-he's planning to keep it a secret until he publishes a larger related work that he hopes will be finished later this year. 24.Which of the following is most accessible to common users to create images? A.Imagen. B.Google C.Midjourney. D.DALL-E 2. 25.Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase "came into sharp focus"? A.Went viral. B.Be in a dilemma. C.Made people surprised. D.Come under the spotlight. 高二英语·第5页（共12页） 26.What is Cal Duran's attitude toward using AI to create artworks? A.Supportive. B.Ambiguous. C.Doubtful. D.Uninterested. 27.What might be the best title for the text? A.AI Defeated Human Artists in the Art Field B.AI Won an Art Contest and Artists Were Angry C.An Artist Won State Fair Art Contest and Laughed D.An Artist from Pueblo West Was Defending His Work C Before uploading a photo of ourselves to social media,the chances are that we'll use an app to smooth our skin,enlarge our eyes,and sharpen our jawlines.With a couple of taps on our mobile phones,we can get a quick fix and present the "best"version of ourselves to the world. However,the problem is that when we simply edit out our imperfections,we're also changing the way we look at ourselves. Last month,researchers published the article Selfies-Living in the Era of Filtered Photographs.The article analyzed photo editing apps'bad influences on people's self-respect and their possibility of causing anxiety about appearance.The researchers also warned that such apps might make the young generation misjudge themselves."These apps allow one to change his or her appearance in minutes and follow an unrealistic standard of beauty,"the article read. In the past,people may have compared their looks to those of famous persons.But for today's young people,beauty standards are most likely set by what they see on social media. "From birth,they are born into an age of social platforms where their feelings of self-worth can be based purely on the number of likes and followers that they have,which is linked to how good they look,"British cosmetic doctor Tijion Esho told The Independent.This is why many young people suffer an identity trouble when it comes to appearance. "Now you've got this daily comparison of your real self to the fake self that you present on social media,"Renee Engeln,professor of psychology,told the HuffPost website.Engeln further pointed out that when people spend too much time making such comparisons,they might become "beauty sick"and find it difficult to accept what they actually look like."Because between you and the world is a mirror,and it's a mirror that travels with you everywhere.You can't seem to put it down,"she told The Washington Post.So when we look at ourselves in a real mirror,we shouldn't think,"Do I look as good as myself in the filtered photos?"Instead, we should think,"I feel good;I have my health." 高二英语·第6页（共12页） 28.Before uploading a photo to social media,we probably A.use an app to fix our photos B.use a cream to smooth our skin C.present the best version of the text D.have an operation to widen our eyes 29.What can we learn about photo editing apps from Paragraph 2? A.They are beneficial to people. B.They can make us more beautiful. C.They tend to trigger appearance anxiety. D.They help people judge realistic beauty. 30.Why do many young people suffer an identity trouble with appearance? A.Because they compare their looks to those of celebrities. B.Because beauty standards are merely set by social media. C.Because their self-worth is associated with their appearance. D.Because their self-worth depends on their own likes and dislikes. 31.According to Engeln,we should A.take a mirror with us everywhere B.feel content with our actual images C.compare our real self to the fake self D.try to look good in the filtered photos D Saving Us:A Climate Scientist's Case for Hope and Healing in a Divided World is one of the most important books about climate change to have been written.Hayhoe is a gifted public speaker and Saving Us is a follow-up to her awesome TED talk in 2018,"The most important thing you can do to fight climate change:talk about it." One of the many refreshing aspects of this book is that Hayhoe recounts both her successes and her failures to communicate,through which she has gathered evidence about what works and what does not.Much of the book's advice is common sense,all backed up not just by Hayhoe's experience but also with convincing research by psychologists and social scientists. Hayhoe advises against trying to engage with a small minority,the "Dismissives",who "angrily reject the idea that human-caused climate change is a threat;they are most receptive 受的)to misinformation and conspiracy theories(阴谋论)”.There is a waming that offering up more facts about climate change can actually increase polarisation (among them. 高二英语·第7页（共12页） The book includes amusing examples of her encounters with the "Dismissives",almost entirely older men-including an engineer who was unconvinced about the evidence but with whom she was able to establish mutual（相互的)respect through a shared passion for knitting (打毛线衣)-and is packed with inspiring accounts of how she has won over even the most suspicious of crowds.Her motto is "bond,connect and inspire",which represents her approach of always looking for points of commonality. She also tells of a man who approached her after an event in London in 2019.He had been so inspired by her TED talk that he had started to speak to everybody he could in his neighborhood of Wandsworth.He showed her details of 12,000 conversations that had taken place as a result,claiming that they had helped to convince the government to declare a climate emergency and to switch investments from fossil fuels to renewable energy. And so,while it may feel difficult to influence the outcome of the COP26,Hayhoe's uplifting book makes a persuasive case that we can all do our bit to bring about success just by talking about the issue. 32.What does the book mainly focus on? A.Promoting people's insight into climate change. B.Introducing presentation skills with TED talks. C.Sharing communication tips on climate change. D.Developing critical thinking through literature. 33.Which of the following best describes the advice in the book? A.Humorous but one-sided. B.Novel and interesting. C.Serious and hard to follow. D.Well-based and workable. 34.What did Hayhoe do to win over the "Dismissives"? A.She changed their political identity. B.She sought common ground by bonding. C.She challenged their fundamental beliefs. D.She provided more facts about climate change. 35.What does the author intend to say by telling the story in Paragraph 5? A.Talks can affect climate decision-making. B.The shift to renewable energy is unstoppable. C.Policymakers turn a blind eye to climate change. D.We need to call on people to prepare for the climate crisis. 高二英语·第8页（共12页） 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 When you come across different situations in your daily life,you may often end up feeling stressed,anxious,or obsessed over the worst-case scenarios )36 It could be caused by negative thinking.Negative thinking is something that most of us end up doing from time to time in our everyday lives.It is usually triggered by difficult circumstances and stress. 37 When we think negatively over a long period of time,it starts to affect our bodies, and our physical and mental health deteriorates ()Some side effects of negative thinking are headaches,body aches,nausea,fatigue,difficulty sleeping,anxiety,etc.And thinking negatively can be a hindrance (on the path toward positivity and happiness. As a result,we should learn to think positively.Positive thinking means focusing on the good parts of any given situation.38 So one must try to see the good in the bad. There are many benefits of positive thinking.With positive thinking,we can deal with problems and situations in our life in a much easier way.39 Some of the physical health benefits include having a longer life span,a lower risk of having a heart attack,better pain tolerance,etc.Mental health benefits include being more creative,having better coping skills, clear thinking,better moods,etc. There are many ways to leam to think positively.You can try positive thinking by practicing gratitude,keeping a gratitude joumal,laughing more often,and spending time with positive people. 40 A.You should ignore what is bad for you. B.And positive thinking can help you feel better. C.Thinking negatively can be very harmful. D.As they say,"Every cloud has a silver lining." E.You may also overthink a lot and struggle to think positively. F.If you try these ways,you're very likely to stop thinking negatively. G.Also,positive thinking has a lot of physical and mental health benefits 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）》 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I've been working as a United Nations (U.N.)Peacekeeper in the Central African Republic for the past two years.Before this,I was a pilot and I 41 my work.However,I felt it was my duty to help innocent people who are caught in trouble,so I 42 the United Nations. 高二英语·第9页（共12页） The Central African Republic is a relatively small country.Since it got 43 from France in the 1960s,there have been many violent conflicts between the government and rebels )In 2012,a civil war began,due to which,over one million people were forced to 44 their homes and there were many deaths and injuries.45,the United Nations established a peacekeeping 46 in the country. We peacekeepers 47 cities and villages to 48 that no conflict is occurring and help bring supplies of food and medicine.We are a 49 that can keep people in conflict apart. As a woman,I am particularly 50 as I can act as a role model for many women and girls in the country.When they see how others respect me,they feel that they also 51 to be respected and treated 52. My life is not 53 in any way!It's long hours in a very tough environment.I have basic 54 with just a bed in a shared room.Of course,being away from my family and friends is also very hard at times.However,I know that the Central African Republic is safer because of the U.N.Peacekeepers,and that makes it all 55 41.A.hated B.enjoyed C.guarded D.changed 42.A.led up to B.looked up to C.kept up with D.signed up with 43.A.treatment B.technology C.independence D.inspiration 44.A.flee B.return C.sweep D.tend 45.A.In turn B.In surprise C.In response D.In addition 46.A.measure B.reputation C.business D.mission 47.A.follow B.expand C.monitor D.block 48.A.insure B.prove C.report D.predict 49.A.bridge B.barrier C.castle D.shelter 50.A.protected B.trusted C.valued D.doubted 51.A.deserve B.prefer C.plan D.fail 52.A.gently B.equally C.seriously D.honestly 53.A.boring B.rewarding C.difficult D.fancy 54.A.association B.accommodation C.administration D.adaptation 55.A.available B.ambitious C.worthwhile D.educational 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）》 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A special tea picker has been operating at a West Lake Longjing tea plantation in Hangzhou recently.It is the world's first tea-picking robot.The robot uses two mechanical arms to move back and forth as it searches 56 tea buds ()When it locates one,it uses a pair of 高二英语·第10页（共12页） 高二英语参考答案·第 1 页（共 13 页） 2022 级高二年级教学质量监测卷（四） 英语参考答案 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 1~5 CBBCA 6~10 BACAB 11~15 CACBA 16~20 CACAB 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 21~25 DACCD 26~30 ABACC 31~35 BCDBA 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 36~40 ECDGF 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 41~45 BDCAC 46~50 DCABC 51~55 ABDBC 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 56．for 57．attached 58．is equipped 59．automatically 60．that/which 61．itself 62．to pick 63．accuracy 64．the 65．relies 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 【参考范文】 Father of Hybrid Rice Yuan Longping，who was born in 1930 in Beijing，is a simple but great man．He is regarded as “Father of Hybrid Rice”． Having graduated from college，he was determined to find a way to increase the rice harvest worldwide．Thus，he devoted all his energy to scientific research，making great contributions to alleviating hunger and poverty in numerous countries． However，he cared little about fame and wealth．Instead，he spared no effort to help those in need．Yuan Longping is so selfless and relentless in the pursuit of agricultural innovation that we all admire such a prominent craftsman． 高二英语参考答案·第 2 页（共 13 页） 第二节（满分 25 分） 【参考范文】 “Something must have gone wrong with him，”I thought to myself．Sure enough，with a closer look，I found the boy waving his hands desperately．I quickly dived into the water，swimming toward the boy at full speed．By the time I reached him，he had sunk to the bottom of the pool，his head hanging down，which filled my heart with fright and concern．I picked the boy up and headed to the poolside，keeping his head above the water． Having the boy on the floor，I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck．I could tell that he had no heartbeat and wasn’t breathing．Every second counted！Without hesitation，I did first aid，giving him mouth-to-mouth breathing and doing CPR as trained．Other guards watching anxiously，I carried on，sweating．Suddenly，a stream of water burst out of his mouth and the boy coughed intensely．Seeing the boy regain consciousness，those around broke into cheers．Exhausted， I sighed with relief．I thought had I accepted that easy position，I would have been nothing but a bystander．I’m happy I didn’t take the easy way out． 【解析】 第二部分 阅读 第一节 A 【语篇导读】本文主要对四个致力于可持续发展的旅馆进行了介绍，包括各个旅馆的特色、 地址和电话。 21．D 细节理解题。根据 Boutiquehotel Stadthalle 部分第二句“Its rooms are equipped with recycled wine bottle chandeliers（枝形吊灯）．”可知，它的房间里有用回收利用的酒 瓶做的枝形吊灯，所以在该旅馆里能看到回收利用的物品。 22．A 细节理解题。根据 room2 Chiswick 部分中的“A biodiverse green roof uses 200 tons of soil and wildflowers aimed at absorbing CO2．”可知，该旅馆的特色之一是它的屋顶 能吸收二氧化碳。 高二英语参考答案·第 3 页（共 13 页） 23．C 推理判断题。根据文章题目“Top Stays for Travelers Who Prioritize Sustainability” 以及第一句“Here’s a look at four hotels that are taking the green lead，bravely committing to a net-zero future．”可知，四家旅馆都是以绿色环保零排放为特点的， 因此喜欢绿色出行的游客会对这四家旅馆感兴趣。 B 【语篇导读】Jason Allen 利用人工智能图片生成工具创作的画作在一次美术比赛中得了第 一名。人们对此发表了不同的看法。 24．C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Anyone can use Midjourney，while DALL-E 2 requires an invitation，and Imagen has not been opened up to users outside Google．”可知，任 何人都可以使用 Midjourney，DALL-E 2 需要邀请才能使用，Imagen 只对谷歌用户 开放。因此，普通用户最容易用 Midjourney 来生成图片。 25．D 词义猜测题。根据后文“Some artists were angered by his win because of his use of AI to create the image．”以及第一段最后一句“Now，his award-winning image has caused controversy（争议）．”可知，这些 AI 工具能够真的被用来创作艺术在 Allen 获胜后 引发了争议，成为讨论的焦点。 26．A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 Cal Duran 所说的“I think AI technology may give more opportunities to people who may not find themselves artists in the conventional way”可知，他认为人工智能技术可能会给那些可能无法以传统方式发现自己是艺 术家的人更多机会。再结合上文提到的他坚持把奖项评给 Jason Allen 可推知，他支 持利用人工智能创作艺术作品。 27．B 主旨大意题。通读全文，并且根据文章第二句“Now，his award-winning image has caused controversy（争议）．”和第五段第二句“Some artists were angered by his win because of his use of AI to create the image．”可知，本文主要讲述了一幅由 AI 完成的 画作获得第一名后引发的争论。 C 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了照片编辑软件对人们自尊的不良影响，以及可 能导致的外观焦虑。英国整容医生 Tijion Esho 认为对于今天的年轻人来说，美丽的标准很可 能是由他们在社交媒体上看到的东西决定的，即他们的自我价值感基于外表的好坏。就此心 理学教授 Renee Engeln 认为人们应该接受自己真实的外表。 高二英语参考答案·第 4 页（共 13 页） 28．A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Before uploading a photo of ourselves to social media，the chances are that we’ll use an app to smooth our skin，enlarge our eyes，and sharpen our jawlines．（在把自己的照片上传到社交媒体之前，我们很有可能会用一 款应用来光滑皮肤、放大眼睛、削尖下巴）”可知，在上传照片到社交媒体之前， 我们可能会使用一个应用程序来修我们的照片。故选 A。 29．C 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The article analyzed photo editing apps’ bad influences on people’s self-respect and their possibility of causing anxiety about appearance．（这篇文章分析了照片编辑软件对人们自尊的不良影响，以及它们可能 引起人们对外表的焦虑。）”可知，照片编辑应用程序可能会让人们对自己的外表感 到焦虑。故选 C。 30．C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘From birth，they are born into an age of social platforms where their feelings of self-worth can be based purely on the number of likes and followers that they have，which is linked to how good they look，’British cosmetic doctor Tijion Esho told The Independent．This is why many young people suffer an identity trouble when it comes to appearance．（“从出生起，他们就生活在一个社交平台的时代，在这个时代， 他们的自我价值感完全取决于他们拥有的点赞和粉丝的数量，这与他们的外表有多好 有关，”英国美容医生蒂杰恩·埃索在接受《独立报》采访时表示。这就是为什么许 多年轻人在外表方面会遇到身份问题。）”可知一谈到外表，许多年轻人都有身份问题， 因为他们的自我价值感取决于他们的外表。故选 C。 31．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So when we look at ourselves in a real mirror，we shouldn’t think，‘Do I look as good as myself in the filtered photos？’Instead，we should think，‘I feel good；I have my health．’（所以当我们对着镜子看自己的时候，我们 不应该想，“我看起来和过滤后的照片一样好吗？”相反，我们应该这样想：“我感 觉很好；我有我的健康。”）”可知，根据 Engeln 的观点，我们应该满足于自己的实 际外表。故选 B。 D 【语篇导读】本文是说明文。Hayhoe 的书—《拯救我们：一位气候科学家在分裂的世 界中寻求希望和治愈的案例》是有关气候变化的最重要的书籍之一。文章主要介绍了这本书。 高二英语参考答案·第 5 页（共 13 页） 32．C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Saving Us：A Climate Scientist’s Case for Hope and Healing in a Divided World is one of the most important books about climate change to have been written．（《拯救我们：一位气候科学家在分裂的世界中寻求希望和治愈的 案例》是有关气候变化的最重要的书籍之一。）”和第二段中“One of the many refreshing aspects of this book is that Hayhoe recounts both her successes and her failures to communicate，through which she has gathered evidence about what works and what does not．Much of the book’s advice is common sense，（这本书的许多令人耳目一新 的方面之一是海霍讲述了她在沟通方面的成功和失败，通过这些她收集了关于什么 有效、什么无效的证据。书中的大部分建议都是常识）”可知，这本书主要分享了 气候沟通的建议。故选 C。 33．D 推理判断题。根据二段中“Much of the book’s advice is common sense，all backed up not just by Hayhoe’s experience but also with convincing research by psychologists and social scientists．（书中的大部分建议都是常识，所有这些建议不仅得到海霍的经验 的支持，而且得到了心理学家和社会科学家令人信服的研究的支持。）”可知，书中 的这些建议是可行的；再根据第四段中“The book includes amusing examples of her encounters with the‘Dismissives’，almost entirely older men—including an engineer who was unconvinced about the evidence but with whom she was able to establish mutual（相互的）respect through a shared passion for knitting（打毛线衣）—and is packed with inspiring accounts of how she has won over even the most suspicious of crowds．（这本书包含了她与“不屑一顾的人”相遇的有趣例子，这些人几乎都是 年长的男性，其中包括一名对证据不相信的工程师，但她能够通过对编毛衣的共 同热情与他建立相互的尊重—书中充满了鼓舞人心的故事，讲述了她如何赢得 了最可疑的人群的支持。）”可知，这本书中充满了鼓舞人心的故事，由此可推知， 这本书是有事实基础的，即有良好的基础。A．Humorous but one-sided．幽默但片 面的；B．Novel and interesting．新颖有趣的；C．Serious and hard to follow．严肃 且难以理解；D．Well-based and workable．依据充分且可行的。故选 D。 34．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The book includes amusing examples of her encounters with the‘Dismissives’，almost entirely older men—including an engineer who was 高二英语参考答案·第 6 页（共 13 页） unconvinced about the evidence but with whom she was able to establish mutual（相互 的）respect through a shared passion for knitting（打毛线衣）—and is packed with inspiring accounts of how she has won over even the most suspicious of crowds．（这本书 包含了她与“不屑一顾的人”相遇的有趣例子，这些人几乎都是年长的男性，其中 包括一名对证据不相信的工程师，但她能够通过对编毛衣的共同热情与他建立相互 的尊重—书中充满了鼓舞人心的故事，讲述了她如何赢得了最可疑的人群的支 持。）”可知，海霍通过在共同的爱好的基础上寻求共同点，来赢得“轻蔑者”的支 持。故选 B。 35．A 推理判断题。根据第五段“He had been so inspired by her TED talk that he had started to speak to everybody he could in his neighborhood of Wandsworth．He showed her details of 12,000 conversations that had taken place as a result，claiming that they had helped to convince the government to declare a climate emergency and to switch investments from fossil fuels to renewable energy．（他受到她的 TED 演讲的启发，开始与旺兹沃斯附 近的每个人交谈。他向她展示了由此发生的 12000 次对话的详细信息，声称这些对 话帮助说服理事会宣布气候紧急状态并将投资从化石燃料转向可再生能源。）”和最 后一段中“Hayhoe’s uplifting book makes a persuasive case that we can all do our bit to bring about success just by talking about the issue．（海霍这本令人振奋的书提出了一 个有说服力的案例，即我们都可以通过谈论这个问题尽自己的一份力量来取得成 功。）”可知，这个故事表明，这些对话帮助说服理事会宣布气候紧急状态并将投资 从化石燃料转向可再生能源，由此可推知，作者通过第五段的故事表明对话可以影 响气候决策。故选 A。 第二节 【语篇导读】消极思维对我们的身体健康和心理健康都有危害，因此我们要学会积极地思 考，遇到事情时要看到它好的一面。 36．E 上一句提到当你在日常生活中遇到不同的情况时，你可能经常会感到焦虑、担心或 会过分担心最坏的情况，下一句提到这可能是由消极思维引起的，故 E 项“你也可 能想得太多，难以积极思考”承上启下，符合语境。E 项中的“You may also”与上 一句中的“you may”相呼应。 高二英语参考答案·第 7 页（共 13 页） 37．C 通读第二段可知，本段主要介绍了消极思维带来的危害，故 C 项“消极的想法是非 常有害的”可概括本段内容，符合语境。 38．D 上文提到我们应该学会积极地思考，积极地思考意味着专注于任何既定情况的好的 方面，下文提到因此一个人必须努力看到坏的事物中好的一面。故 D 项“常言道： ‘黑暗中总有一线光明。’”承上启下，符合语境。 39．G 根据本段首句可知，本段主要介绍了积极思维的好处，空前一句介绍了积极思维有 助于我们应对生活中的难题和情况，空后两句则分别介绍了积极思维给身体和心理 带来的好处，故 G 项“积极思维对身心健康也有很多好处”可承上启下，符合语境。 40．F 上一句提到一些帮助我们学会积极地思考的方法，故 F 项“如果你尝试了这些方法， 你很可能会停止消极地思考”可承接上文，符合语境。F 项中的“these ways”指代 上一句中提到的积极地思考的方法。 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为联合国维和人员在中非共和国工 作的经历。 41．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此之前，我是一名飞行员，我喜欢我的工作。A．hated 憎恨，厌恶；B．enjoyed 喜欢；C．guarded 保卫；D．changed 改变。根据下文“However， I felt it was my duty to help innocent people who are caught in trouble”可知，作者之前 是一名飞行员，虽然喜欢这份工作，但是觉得自己有责任去帮助别人，所以成了联 合国的维和人员，故选 B。 42．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我觉得这是我的责任，帮助陷入困境的无辜人们， 所以我和联合国签约了。A．led up to 逐渐导致；B．looked up to 崇拜；C．kept up with 跟上；D．signed up with 签约。根据上文“I’ve been working as a United Nations （U. N．）Peacekeeper in the Central African Republic for the past two years．”可知， 作者觉得有责任帮助陷入困境的人，所以和联合国签约，成了维和人员。故选 D。 43．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从 20 世纪 60 年代从法国独立出来以来，政府和反叛 者之间发生了许多暴力冲突。A．treatment 对待，治疗；B．technology 技术； C．independence 独立；D．inspiration 灵感。根据下文“there have been many violent 高二英语参考答案·第 8 页（共 13 页） conflicts between the government and rebels（反叛者）”可知，中非共和国获得独立以 后内乱不断。故选 C。 44．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012 年，一场内战爆发，由此 100 多万人被迫逃离家园， 造成很多人死伤。A．flee 逃跑，逃离；B．return 返回；C．sweep 打扫；D．tend 照顾。根据上文“a civil war began”可知，内战爆发，人民被迫背井离乡。故选 A。 45．C 考查介词短语辨析。句意：作为回应，联合国在该国建立了一个维和使团。A．In turn 反过来；B．In surprise 惊讶地；C．In response 作为回应；D．In addition 此外。根 据语境及空后“the United Nations established a peacekeeping 46 in the country” 可知，作为对中非共和国内战的回应，联合国建立了一个维和使团。故选 C。 46．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，联合国在该国建立了一个维和使团。A．measure 措施；B．reputation 名声；C．business 生意；D．mission 官方使团，代表团。根据上 文“I’ve been working as a United Nations（U．N．）Peacekeeper in the Central African Republic for the past two years．”可知，联合国在南非建立了一个维和使团。故选 D。 47．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们维和人员监测城市和村庄，以确保没有冲突发生， 并帮助运送食品和药品。A．follow 跟随；B．expand 扩大；C．monitor 监视；D．block 阻碍。根据语境及空后“cities and villages”可知，维和人员监测各个城市和村庄， 以防发生冲突。故选 C。 48．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们维和人员监测城市和村庄，以确保没有冲突发生， 并帮助运送食品和药品。A．insure 确保；B．prove 证明；C．report 报道；D．predict 预测。根据空后“no conflict is occurring and help bring supplies of food and medicine” 可知，维和人员的任务是确保没有冲突发生，并帮助运送食品和药品。故选 A。 49．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们是把冲突中的人们隔离开来的屏障。A．bridge 桥 梁；B．barrier 屏障；C．castle 城堡；D．shelter 避难所。根据空后“that can keep people in conflict apart”可知，此处指“我们是把冲突中的人们隔离开来的屏障”。故选 B。 50．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名女性，我尤其受到重视，因为我可以成为国家 许多妇女和女孩的榜样。A．protected 保护；B．trusted 信任；C．valued 重视，珍 视；D．doubted 怀疑。根据下文“When they see how others respect me”可知，作者 身为女性受到尊重。故选 C。 高二英语参考答案·第 9 页（共 13 页） 51．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她们看到别人如何尊重我时，她们觉得自己也应该得 到尊重和平等对待。A．deserve 应得；B．prefer 更喜欢；C．plan 计划；D．fail 失败。根据上文“I can act as a role model for many women and girls in the country”可 知，当女性看到作者备受尊重时，她们觉得自己也应该受到尊重。故选 A。 52．B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她们看到别人如何尊重我时，她们觉得自己也应该得 到尊重和平等对待。A．gently 温柔地；B．equally 平等地；C．seriously 认真地； D．honestly 诚实地。根据空前“to be respected”可知，她们认为自己也应该得到尊 重和平等对待。故选 B。 53．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的生活一点也不奢华！A．boring 令人厌倦的； B．rewarding 有益的，值得做的；C．difficult 困难的；D．fancy 奢华的。根据下文 “It’s long hours in a very tough environment．”可知，作者的生活一点也不奢华。故 选 D。 54．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有基本的住宿，在共用的房间里只有一张床。 A．association 协会，联系；B．accommodation 住处，住宿；C．administration 管理； D．adaptation 适应。根据空后“with just a bed in a shared room”可知，此处是描述 住宿条件。故选 B。 55．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我知道，由于联合国维和部队的存在，中非共 和国更加安全，这一切都是值得的。A．available 可获得的；B．ambitious 雄心勃勃 的；C．worthwhile 值得的；D．educational 有教育意义的。结合本句的转折“However， I know that the Central African Republic is safer because of the U. N. Peacekeepers”可 知，虽然生活条件艰苦，但是看到中非共和国更加安全，作者觉得很值得。故选 C。 第二节 【语篇导读】最近，杭州西湖的一个龙井茶园用一个特殊的采茶机器人来采摘茶叶。这是 世界上第一个采茶机器人。 56．for 考查介词。search for 是固定搭配，表示“寻找；搜索”，故填 for。 57．attached 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句子已有谓语动词，空处应用 非谓语动词形式。动词 attach 与其逻辑主语 a suction device 之间为被动关系，应用动词 的过去分词，故填 attached。此处是过去分词短语作后置定语。 高二英语参考答案·第 10 页（共 13 页） 58．is equipped 考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，所填词为主句的谓语动词；根 据语境可知，此处描述事实情况，应用一般现在时；动词 equip 与主语 It 之间为被动关系， 且主语为单数，故填 is equipped。 59．automatically 考查词性转换。所填词修饰谓语动词 can identify，故填副词 automatically。 60．that/which 考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，先行词是 the targets， 故填 that 或 which。 61．itself 考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示“当照片足够多的时候，机器就会自己学习”， by oneself“全靠自己地；单独”为固定搭配，故填 itself。 62．to pick 考查非谓语动词。It takes/took（sb. /sth.）+时间+to do sth．是固定句式，表示“做 某事花费（某人或某物）多长时间”，故填 to pick。 63．accuracy 考查词性转换。此处表示“准确率达到 86%”，应用名词修饰 rate，故 填 accuracy。 64．the 考查冠词。根据上文可知，此处指两个问题中的另一个，other 前应加定冠词，故 填 the。 65．relies 考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，所填词是句子的谓语动词；根据语境可知， 此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语“the picking of high-quality tea”为单数概念， 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填 relies。 听力原文 Text 1 M：So，Mrs. Smith，what work experience will you bring to this role？ W：Well，I worked as an office manager for eight years，so I have a wealth of experience． M：You certainly do．Your previous employer speaks very highly of you．（1） Text 2 M：Excuse me．I’m a tourist here．Could you tell me where the train station is？ W：Yeah，we have two stations．One is out of service currently．The other one is just a 5-minute walk away from here．Let me show you how to get there．（2） 高二英语参考答案·第 11 页（共 13 页） Text 3 M：Did you watch the news report about the local snowstorm，Maria？ W：Yes，it’s pretty scary．Our teacher gave us lessons on how to help ourselves out during a snowstorm the other day．（3）Now，I’ll feel more confident if one happens． Text 4 W：The world’s oldest dog，Bobi，died in Portugal，at the grand old age of 31． M：How sad! W：He was the oldest dog ever recorded，taking the title from an Australian dog called Bluey who died in 1939．Now，it goes to an American dog called Spike．（4） Text 5 M：It looks like you’ve bought far too much food again! W：Sorry，I couldn’t remember what we already had，so I bought everything!（5） M：I’d suggest making a list before you go shopping next time．You’ll save a lot of time and money． Text 6（第 6 题为总结题） M：Don’t you find it strange that Australia is culturally different from England？ W：Why is it strange？They are on opposite sides of the world． M：But most of Australia’s population were from England． W：True，but that was a long time ago．The land，the weather，and those who are native to Australia would have shaped their culture． M：I imagine the endless sunshine most of all．（7）Australia is the opposite of rainy England． W：Yes，it has definitely got the better weather． Text 7 M：Have you been to see the new film that came out last week?（8）（9） W：No，I heard it’s over three hours long．（8） M：It is，but it keeps you focused for the entire film — the story is amazing．（9） W：I just can’t sit that long．I struggle watching 90-minute kids’ films．（8） M：Well，when it’s available to watch at home，I highly recommend it．I honestly think once you start watching it，you’ll stay seated for the full thing． 高二英语参考答案·第 12 页（共 13 页） W：We’ll see．I’ll probably have to watch it over the course of three nights．I still haven’t even finished Barbie which I started two nights ago．（10） M：You should finish that first．It’s so funny． W：Yeah．I prefer fun films to serious ones． ★ 《芭比》（Barbie）该片讲述了在芭比乐园过着完美生活的芭比，突然发现自己身边接连出 现不完美事件，意识到存在感危机的她试图前往现实世界探寻真相的故事。 Text 8 M：My next guest needs no introduction．Please welcome Jasmine!（11）（12） W：Thank you for having me．（11） M：So，first，let’s talk about the halftime show you did at the Super Bowl． W：It was a great honor to be asked．We only had 12 minutes but we managed to cover all three of my albums，with two songs from each．（12） M：You didn’t take a breath．You just went from one to the next． W：It was exhausting but totally worth it． M：And now you are back on the road． W：Yes，we’re starting the Jasmine Tea World Tour in North America，then on to South America，then Australia，Asia，and finishing in Europe．（13） M：Well，I hope you have a holiday after that! W：Yes，I think I’ve earned one． M：As always，a pleasure talking to you． W：Me too． Text 9 M：Just before we begin，I’d ask you to stay in the car while we are in the wild．（14） W：So we won’t get to touch the animals． M：Some of them will approach us，but for your own safety，stay inside． W：How long will we be on this trip？Are we going to stay there until night？ M：We usually go for about five or six hours．Don’t worry．You’ll be back in your hotel room before dinner．And I have packed some food in case we feel hungry． 高二英语参考答案·第 13 页（共 13 页） W：No，that’s fine．I just wish there was an all-night trip．I’ve heard that many African animals only come out after sunset．（15） M：Some of them can certainly be more active at night，like lions，but we’ll still see a fair number of animals during the day，like elephants and zebras． W：OK．Great．As long as I get a photo of a giraffe，I’ll be happy．（15）（17） M：Did you bring a camera?（16） W：Oh，I knew I forgot something．（16） M：Don’t worry．I’ll take some and email them to you．（17） W：Thanks．Imagine I went home without any pictures of this once-in-a-lifetime experience． Text 10 Today，we’re excited to introduce our brand new smartphone，the Moon Glow 2．With the same powerful mobile communication technology，you have no need to worry about the signals anywhere in our country．But different to our Moon Glow 1，the Moon Glow 2 works with our smart lock system，so you can use it to lock and unlock your car or even your home appliances．（18）Now let’s talk about the name．The phones of the Moon Glow series are all equipped with several LED lights on the back to indicate different things，such as you are receiving a call，or have received a text or an email．If you need a flashlight，you can turn all of these up to full brightness to create a glow like the moon．（19）Of course，no smartphone would be any good without a wonderful camera．With the Moon Glow 2，we’ve taken it to the next level．Not only will it take excellent photos during the day，but we’ve designed it to work better than any other smartphone camera at night．The 50x zoom（变焦距镜头）is so powerful that you will be able to take clear pictures of the moon．（20）