北京市石景山区2022-2024年中考英语二模试题分类汇编：阅读理解

北京市石景山区 2022-2024年中考英语二模试题分类汇编 阅读理解 2024年北京市石景山区中考二模英语试题 三、阅读理解（每小题 2 分, 共 26 分） （一）阅读下列介绍, 请为具体的建议匹配最恰当的标题, 并将其所对应的 A 、B、 C 、D 选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A What should we do when we feel stressed? Here are some ideas. 21 Keeping a problem to yourself can add to your stress. If you have a personal problem, or something is worrying you, talk it over with your parents or friends. Sharing what’s on your mind can help you figure out what to do about the problem. 22 Lots of people feel stressed before a test, a try out, or a big moment. You might feel your heart beating fast or your hands shaking. You don’t have to let those feelings hold you back. Your feelings will slowly go away after you step up to your big moment. As you get ready, remind yourself that you can deal with it. Be confident and tell yourself, “I’ve got this. ” Then take a deep breath and go ahead and give it your best try. Each time you try something, it’s a chance to get better at it. 23 When something didn’t go the way you hoped, you might have lots of strong feelings. You may feel upset, sad, disappointed, or angry. It’s OK to feel the way you feel. But it’s not OK to use actions to show your feelings. When you put feelings into words, it helps you choose wiser ways to act. You can’t change what happened. But you can say how you feel and why. And that helps you let go of some stress and strong feelings. 21. _________________ A. Have an “I’ve got this” attitude. 22. _________________ B. Talk about a problem. 23. _________________ C. Put your feelings into words. D. Do things actively. （二）阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项 中, 选择最佳选项。 B Radajere Oleita thinks she may have a solution for two of our country’s continuous problems: rubbish and poverty ( 贫 穷 ). Her solution is called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student and environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snack lovers, “Rather than throw your empty chip (薯片) bags into the bin, donate them so I can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless” . Chip eaters drop off their empty bags from Doritos, Lay’s, and other favorites at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they clean the chip bags in soapy hot water, they cut them open, lay them flat, and iron (熨) them together. They use padding (补丁) and liners from old coats to line the insides. It takes about four hours to make a sleeping bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’re small or family size. The result is a sleeping bag that is “waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around, ” Oleita told the Detroit News. Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800, 000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags. Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags for the homeless. But that’s only half the goal for Oleita—whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria 30 years ago with the hope of getting a better life —and her volunteers. “We are working hard to make a difference not only socially, but also environmentally, ” she says. And, of course, there’s the symbolic meaning of saving bags which would otherwise land in the rubbish and using them to help the homeless. It’s a powerful reminder that environmental unfair treatment and poverty often go hand in hand. As Oleita told hourdetroit. com: “I think it’s time to show connections between all of these problems. ” 24. What does Oleita ask the chip eaters to do? A. Raise money to buy new sleeping bags. B. Share snacks with the homeless people. C. Throw the empty chip bags into the bin. D. Send their chip bags to certain locations. 25. What is Oleita’s goal? A. To help people be healthier by eating less chips. B. To solve the problems of poverty and rubbish. C. To call on chip eaters to protect environment. D. To run a clothing store to raise some money. 26. What can we learn from the passage? A. All roads lead to Rome. B. Well begun is half done. C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. We can kill two birds with one stone. C Why go to all the trouble of building a drone if nature has already done the job for you? That is the attitude taken by researchers who are trying to robotise insects. Some are working on turning flying insects into cyborgs (机械化有机体). Others prefer to focus on some small insects, by taking electronic control of cockroaches. The first cyber-roach (半机械蟑螂) goes back to 1997, when Shimoyama Isao of Tokyo University sent electrical signals to a cockroach’s antennae, causing it to turn either left or right depending on which antenna was stimulated (刺激). Others have built on this method by using other parts of their bodies. They have also begun fitting the insects with instrument packs that might let them do a useful job: searching destroyed buildings for survivors. One such is Sato Hirotaka of Nanyang Technological University, in Singapore. He has been working on cyber-insects for 15 years. Now, he has made another change to cyber-roaches. Instead of having their movements operated by a controller, his are run by computer programmes that react directly to build-in sensors in their backpacks. The backpacks contain a communications chip, a CO2 sensor, a motion sensor, a camera and a tiny battery. For search-and-save operations in destroyed buildings, groups of these cyber-roaches would be sent into the remains, to search for signs of life such as movement and high CO2 levels from breathing. The AI that decides whether a set of signals actually show the presence of a human being is programmed directly into the camera. If it thinks it has spotted someone, it warns saviors. To test this, Dr Sato and his team ran trials in a man-made disaster zone. They laid out pieces of destroyed buildings in various shapes and sizes in an area of 25m2. There were several people among them, as well as things that can mislead the cyber-roaches. After programming the start and finish points of the search, they sent the cyber-roaches out. It is proved that they are able to recognise humans correctly 87% of the time, a success number Dr Sato thinks could be improved still further by collecting many images from different sides. The next step of the project is to improve the system for outdoors use. That done, products of the backpacks will be put into markets within five years. 27. What can we learn about Dr Sato’s cyber-roaches? A. They are run by computer programmes. B. They use antennae to receive signals. C. They can do more jobs than drones. D. They are operated by a controller. 28. How did Dr Sato test his cyber-roaches? A. He stimulated the cockroaches ’ antennae. B. He programmed the chips in the cockroaches ’ bodies. C. He sent them to the man-made remains to search for life. D. He set the start and finish points to mislead the cockroaches. 29. According to the passage, what does Dr Sato’s think of cyber-roaches? A. Cockroaches are proved to be future saviors. B. They will be widely used outdoors within five years. C. Cockroaches follow instructions better than other insects. D. They can recognise lives better by collecting more images. D When I was organizing my clothes, I accidentally found a set of Hanfu I only wore once. Since a Chinese friend gave me a set of ancient-style hair accessories ( 配饰), I matched a whole set of Hanfu. Then, ancient-style articles appeared in my clothes one after another. When I saw them again, I thought of a sentence: I may have been caught by the “birdcage ( 鸟笼) effect” ! “Birdcage effect (BCE)” is one of the top ten psychological ( 心 理 的 ) problems that human beings cannot easily deal with. BCE means that when you get something one day, you will probably prepare more things to match it. There is a story behind it. One day, James, a psychologist, joked with his friend Carlson and predicted that Carlson would surely raise a bird. At first, Carlson didn’t care. When James gave Carlson a birdcage on his birthday, friends who visited Carlson’s house believed that he had raised birds. During that process, Carlson kept explaining. In the end he really bought a bird. Like Carlson, many people have been or are being caught in the BCE. My friend Tinny said she wanted to buy a good pen to match a pretty notebook her sister gave her. I joked that she must have been caught in the BCE. But my friend said with a smile: “Why not use the ‘birdcage effect ’ instead? When I have a beautiful notebook, I will want to buy a pen that is smooth and easy to write, and next I will want to buy a book I like, and then start to take notes. ” For the first time, I heard that the BCE could be used in reverse. However, this reminded me of my middle school days, and I seemed to have used the BCE. One day, I bought a magazine and saw the call for writings published in the magazine, so I started writing. After that, I bought a beautiful notebook to record my feelings. More and more magazines appeared in my study, and my interest for writing increased. How can we stop being caught in the BCE in many things and even use it? Various “birdcages” unavoidably appear in life, but we can divide them. If it is not in line with the actual situation, it is a “negative birdcage”, so we must learn to stop losses in time. If it is a “positive birdcage” that drives us to develop upward, we can clear our goals up and encourage ourselves to move towards our goals. At this time, we will find that the BCE is actually not so terrible! 30. Why does the writer talk about Hanfu in Paragraph 1? A. To describe her life style. B. To explain the origin of BCE. C. To introduce Chinese culture. D. To show an example of the BCE. 31. The words “in reverse” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to . A. easily and smoothly B. in a creative way C. in the other way round D. forward and backward 32. What can we learn from the passage? A. The term BCE came from Carlson’s story. B. James used the BCE to record his feelings. C. Tinny was caught in the BCE so she bought a good pen. D. The writer bought a book because he was caught in the BCE. 33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The Birdcage Effect: Why Is It So Terrible? B. The Birdcage Effect: Why Are We Caught in It? C. The Birdcage Effect: How to Avoid It in Your Life? D. The Birdcage Effect: How to Use It to Your Advantage? 2023年北京市石景山区中考二模英语试题 三、阅读匹配 Having trouble finding a good job? We have up to ten thousand jobs waiting for you. Check our website now. Job Title Employer Job Description Pay（each month） A．Nurse KHM An excellent chance to work at this leading care group. Join us! $3, 000-3, 500 B．Salesperson Flow Caritas If you like to work with a team, you are welcome to join us! Our team is looking for a quick-thinking person. No experience is needed. The first year: $2, 000 The second year: $4, 000 C． English Teacher Hope Junior High We need an English teacher who has at least two years of teaching experience. $6, 000-7, 000 D．Marketing Manager Circle Space We’re looking for people who can help shape our ideas about marketing. $7, 000-9, 000 21 Jane: I’m good at taking care of people. I used to work in Sunny Hospital. 22 Sam: I have worked as an English teacher in a village for three years. 23 Leo: My friends always say I am smart. I like to work in groups and I always get things done fast and well. 四、阅读单选 When I started junior high, my only plan for myself was to stay unnoticeable. Everyone seemed so smart. They were everything I wasn’t but wanted to be. So it was strange how eagerly I expected to run for eighth grade secretary from my heart. Anyone interested in running should see the math teacher for qualification forms (资历表). I followed the crowd to the math classroom. Without even thinking twice, I filled out and turned in the forms, but I had no idea what I had got myself into. The only thing you could see in the eighth grade hall were posters. Bookmarks and flyers littered the hallways. That week, my friends and I passed out the bookmarks we’d made by ourselves. Everything was going as planned…until it was time for my speech. As I got ready to present my speech, my sweat glands (汗腺) went into overdrive as the camera fixed on my face. What did my hair look like? Did I look at the camera? And most of all, did I look as frightened as I felt? Somewhere between handing out bookmarks and delivering my speech, I asked myself one question: “What are you doing, Jack?!” I felt lost. But in the midst of the anger and fear was something unexpected. I had learned some amazing things about who I was. Not only did I give a speech in front of 300 kids, but I introduced myself to people I’d never even met before. In fact, I felt unbelievably confident. I can’t remember every detail about the election (选举). But what I do remember is that I won! The shy and quiet boy won! Stay unnoticeable? NO! Why be unnoticeable when you can shine? I’m already planning my re-election speech. And I’ve learned the importance of taking a chance and believing in yourself. And next time if there’s something you want to do, just do it! 24．What did the writer really expect to do from his heart? A．To stay unnoticeable at school. B．To run for eighth grade secretary. C．To meet the math teachers often. D．To follow the crowd to do things. 25．How did the writer feel as he got ready to present his speech? A．Nervous. B．Confident. C．Relaxed. D．Curious. 26．What has the writer learned from his experience? A．Winning the election is necessary. B．Tips on presentation are important. C．Everything needs to be well planned. D．Be confident and do things as you wish. While the pandemic（流行病） has prevented people from traveling afar, there’s a silver lining in that dark cloud: micro-tourism, or mini-vacations. Micro-tourism refers to short-distance（短距离） travel in which people drive two or three hours to a nearby place and spend two or three days there. Instead of requiring a plan with lots of details and money, micro-tourism allows travelling to be simpler and less expensive. According to China Daily, micro-tourism began catching on about seven years ago. With the pandemic prevention making long trips less convenient, more and more people choose to take short trips instead. Mark Hou from Beijing is one of them. Before the pandemic, he preferred taking long trips abroad or visiting other places in China. But the pandemic meant he had to adapt（适应） to a new travel style. “Traveling a long distance means you should take public transportation, like planes. But that would be likely to increase the chances of infection （感染）,” Hou said. “To stay healthy, short-distance travel is the better choice.” But that doesn’t mean Hou has lost fun during his short trips. After a long and tiring week at work, Hou likes to invite friends and drive to the countryside near Beijing on weekends. “Walking in the mountains or having a hot spring, we can get the fresh air and have some exercise,” Hou explained. “That can really move the stress out of our daily life.” To meet the new needs, many cities have also created more chances for tourists. For example, Shanghai started a number of micro-tourism products for half-day and one-day tours, including exploring cultural heritage（遗产）sites in the city and experiencing country life. “With these programs, young tourists no longer look to get ‘distance’, but are willing to find new ways to experience their cities,” Feng Rao, head of a tourism research center, told People’s Daily. Travel doesn’t mean you need to go far away to find a place to relax. That’s also the aim of the micro-tourism. 27．Which of the following is true about micro-tourism? A．It needs plenty of time and money. B．It has more fun than long-distance trip. C．It became popular about seven years ago. D．It has prevented people taking distant trips. 28．Why does the writer talk about Mark Hou’s experience? A．To explain how to make a short-distance trip. B．To introduce some places of interest in China. C．To show why people choose short-distance trips. D．To compare long-distance trips with short-distance ones. 29．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A．Adapting to a new style B．Returning to normal life C．Developing a popular hobby D．Experiencing different cultures The science behind learning from other people’s advice Every day, we need to make decisions about what advice to trust. Should I listen to a friend about what directions to take to the park, or look for road signs to follow? We know that humans’ decisions are influenced by their beliefs, which may be based on advice from other people or on information from non-human sources （来源）, such as road signs. But which source do we find more reliable（可信赖的）, and do our brains process differently when following human or non-human sources? A new study by my team tried to find out the differences in how people consider information from human advice and from non-human objects. We also checked brain activities while people made these decisions. In our study, participants（参与者） completed tasks by finding a hidden dot. In one task, people needed to mark the hidden dot on a circle after they received a message from an image of a human face （social advice）. In another task, they did the same work, but the message was provided by an object （non-social advice）. Another important factor in the study was that we could record learning process. People received the information repeatedly from different advisors and objects, and they had to learn over time which of the two sources was more reliable. We also asked participants to report on how reliable they thought the advice was each time they decided. Looking at how people performed on the task, my team discovered that participants found social advice more reliable than non-social advice. They also changed their beliefs less on the information from human even when the information didn’t match with their original ones. This suggests that people may form more stable opinions about the reliability of information from humans. We also found that certain parts of the brain were connected with social information. These findings could be important for understanding disorders of social cognition, such as psychopathy （精神障碍）. More obviously, our work shows that even a piece of advice from a human can change how people view the information, which is especially important because humans spend increasingly more time in the digital world. Realizing our bias（偏好） on human advice will have great help on designing interactive tools to guide human decision-making as well as ways to develop critical thinking. 30．According to the study, which of the following is true? A．Researchers failed to check brain activities in the study. B．Reports of why people chose social advice were given twice. C．Participants were told to find hidden dots as many as possible. D．Sources of information may influence people’s trust on advice. 31．The word “stable” in Paragraph 4 probably means . A．be possible to miss B．be unlikely to change C．be unlikely to receive D．be possible to develop 32．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The benefits of non-social advice. B．The ways to develop thinking skills. C．The reasons why the research was done. D．The importance of the research findings. 33．The writer probably agrees that _______. A．people trust what they see instead of what they hear B．social advice is more important than non-social advice C．there is bias on human advice when people make decisions D．the brain processes similarly when receiving different messages 2022年北京市石景山区中考二模英语试卷 （2022·北京石景山·统考二模）People Who are Happy with Their Jobs Molly has read an article on Sunshine Daily. It introduces four people who are excellent in their fields. Wu Wei, artist“Wu Wei is a talented artist,” said his best friend. “He doesn’t like to talk much, but his work shouts!” His paintings have won high praise from the art community. “I want to share the best art with people, so I’m always searching for something better,” he said. Su Ning, accountant(会计)Su Ning gave up her job as a sales manager five years ago and started to work as an accountant. “I love working with numbers. But as an accountant, we also need to be careful. To us, a miss is as good as a mile,” she said. Liu Hao, engineerLiu Hao is a high-speed railway engineer. “We can’t afford to make any mistakes,” said Mr Liu. “He’s serious and well organized, but he’s easy to work with,” one of his team members said. Fang Yuan, doctorFang Yuan, head of Sunshine Hospital, is kind and patient. “As a doctor, carelessness will be a big problem not only to ourselves but also to patients,” she said. “She has put most of her time into her work,” said another doctor. 21．What does Wu Wei do? A．An artist. B．A manager. C．An accountant. D．A doctor. 22．Who loves working with numbers? A．Molly. B．Liu Hao. C．Su Ning. D．Fang Yuan. 23．What is Fang Yuan like? A．Kind and patient. B．Active and careful. C．Young and talented. D．Serious and organized. （2022·北京石景山·统考二模）The Unusual Package hair pin We had just finished our wonderful New Year Party. Now it was finally time to exchange presents. One by one, our teacher called out each name, and then he handed the presents. Soon, all kinds of gifts, from board games, candy and books to small toys had been almost opened. I stood off to one side with my best friends, Carrie and Megan. Carrie’s gift was a box of chocolates and Megan’s was a book of 365 stories. I tried to appear disinterested. But when the last brightly wrapped(包装的) present was gone, I began to get nervous. The teacher finally called out my name and handed me an old, sort of dirty small box. What an unusual package(包裹), I thought. Who would wrap something like this? “Who’s it from?” asked Carrie. I turned over the box and found, “To Betty from Sarah,” written in pencil. My heart dropped down to my feet when I saw it. Sarah’s family was poor and they moved here about two years ago. Sarah was nice but terribly shy. She had trouble with her schoolwork, especially reading. Sometimes our teacher asked me to help her. My mother had taught me that I should always be polite when receiving a gift. “Feelings are more important than things,” she always said. “There is nothing in the world worth hurting someone else’s feelings over.” So I was ready to act as if I had just been given the best present I had ever received.                “Maybe it’s an eraser,” said Carrie. “I think it’s just a card,” said Megan.                    But when I opened the box and reached my fingers in, I knew they were both wrong. I pulled out a hair pin. It was light yellow with a small pink flower on it. It was truly beautiful. That night, I received more than the gift Sarah gave me. I learned not to prejudge others, and that nice presents and kind hearts could come in unusual packages. 24．The writer got the present from ________. A．Carrie B．Megan C．Betty D．Sarah 25．What present did the writer receive? A．A card. B．A hair pin. C．A story book. D．A box of chocolates. 26．What has the writer learned from her experience? A．Don’t judge a book by its cover. B．Don’t be rude to the poor people. C．Presents are important on festivals. D．Friendship is necessary for everyone. （2022·北京石景山·统考二模）Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as warnings to people. New research has found something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals(化学物质) to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets attacked by insects(昆虫). The plant sends out a small number of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “I’m being attacked!” When another bean plant discovers this, it starts to send out its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract insects—the wasps! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the bean plants. Scientists hope to learn more about his plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow crops in a better way. More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can’t hear these sounds, but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots(根). They also “listen” to the noises from other plants. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or unfriendly. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water. Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can connect nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”. It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. The wood wide web is connected underground by fungi(菌类). This fungi network connects the roots of different plants to each other. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. But just like our own Internet, the wood wide web has its own problems. Plants can steal food from each other, or attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help prevent these attacks. Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Who knows? Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to “talk” with them ourselves. 27．What do bean plants probably do when they get attacked by insects? A．They make noises with their leaves. B．They drive wasps to kill the insects. C．They give out chemicals to call for help. D．They fight back directly with other bean plants. 28．What do we know about the “wood wide web”? A．It has its own firewall to stop attacks. B．It shares information with insects often. C．It is a bit like the Internet we use today. D．It produces food through fungi and roots. 29．What could be the best title of the passage? A．The Secret Language of Plants B．The Benefits of Plants’ Talking C．Why do Plants Talk with Each Other? D．How do Plants Communicate with People? （2022·北京石景山·统考二模）As digital devices (数字设备) have taken over society, keyboard activity is now often taken to replace early handwriting. The idea is that typing may be easier for young children. But a new study has found that using a pen or pencil activates (激活) more areas of your brain than a keyboard does. Audrey van der Meer, the study’s leader from the Norwegian University, believes that young children should learn to write by hand successfully. This is because writing “gives the brain more chances than typing to hang your memories on”, she explains. Think about it. When we write, our brain needs to think about and get back memories of the shape of each letter. We also need to use our eyes to watch what shapes we’re writing. And we need to control our hands to press a pen or pencil to shape the different letters. All of this uses and connects more areas of the brain. Along the way, these processes appear to “open the brain up for learning”, says Van der Meer. So learning through only one way — digital — could be harmful, she worries. Van der Meer also points out that taking notes by hand encourages “visual(视觉的) notetaking”. Rather than typing blindly, the visual notetaker has to think about what is important to write down. Then, key words can be “connected with boxes, arrows, and small drawings”. Drawing images and writing also turn on parts of the brain involved with learning. Writing even activates language areas. This suggests, Van der Meer says, that when we write by hand, “we both learn better and remember better”. So it’s important for children to learn handwriting in school from an early age. This study does not suggest giving up digital devices. In fact, it points out, computers and other devices with keyboards have become essential in many modern classrooms. Keyboarding also can be helpful for students with certain special needs (such as if they have trouble using their hands). But nearly all students will benefit from learning handwriting at an early age. Van der Meer agrees that learning to write by hand is a slower process and requires fine motor skills. But, she adds, that’s good: “If we don’t challenge our brain, we can’t make full use of it.” 30．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How writing and printing activate the brain. B．How typing involves more brain movements. C．Why people prefer keyboarding to handwriting. D．Why handwriting is important to young children. 31．The word “essential” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Famous. B．Expensive. C．Important. D．Traditional. 32．According to the study, which of the following about taking notes is TRUE? A．It can develop drawing skills. B．It’s good for language learning. C．It can stop people typing blindly. D．It’s a must for remembering letters. 33．Van der Meer might agree that ________. A．learning through digital devices is harmful B．taking notes by hand will be more popular C．schools will limit time of using computers D．children should learn handwriting early 答案： 2024年北京市石景山区中考二模英语试卷 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 2023年北京市石景山区中考二模英语试题 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．D 33．C 2022年北京市石景山区中考二模英语试卷 21．A   22．C   23．A 24．D    25．B    26．A 27．C    28．C    29．A 30．D    31．C    32．B    33．D 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$