高考英语真题主题练5：自然生态与环境保护专项训练-2024届高三英语三轮冲刺

高考英语真题主题练5　自然生态与环境保护 (考试时间：120分钟　试卷满分：150分) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 (2020·浙江1月卷) 1.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.At a zoo. B.In a library. C.In a drugstore. 2.What will the man do next? A.Change some money. B.Take the food home. C.Sit and eat his meal. 3.What does the woman suggest? A.Buying a computer. B.Hiring an assistant. C.Starting a business. 4.What are the speakers talking about? A.The weather. B.The scenery. C.The traffic. 5.When did the man see the film? A.On Wednesday. B.On Thursday. C.On Saturday. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 (2023·山东高考听力第二次) 6.What’s wrong with the man’s order? A.It has been misplaced. B.It has been delayed. C.It has been lost. 7.Who is to blame for this problem? A.The sales manager. B.The customer. C.The supplier. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 (2021·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷&浙江6月卷) 8.What did Alex do in the afternoon? A.He had a walk. B.He went hunting. C.He planted trees. 9.What did Alex bring back? A.Flowers. 　　B.Leaves. 　　　　C.Books. 10.What was Bob doing when Alex saw him? A.Fishing. B.Taking pictures. C.Swimming. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 (2021·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷&浙江6月卷) 11.What did David do on his most recent holiday? A.He had a boat trip. B.He took a balloon flight. C.He climbed a mountain. 12.What is on David’s list? A.Gifts he needed to buy. B.Things he wished to do. C.Dates he had to remember. 13.Where does the woman suggest David go for his next holiday? A.Australia. B.California. C.The Amazon. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 (2020·浙江1月卷) 14.What is the man doing? A.Placing an order. B.Selling insurance. C.Conducting an interview. 15.What did Leaney study for a degree? A.Finance. B.Education. C.Public Relations. 16.What is an advantage of a smaller business according to Leaney? A.Greater contributions to the neighborhood. B.Closer employer-employee relationship. C.More flexibility in providing services. 17.What is Leaney’s plan for the next two weeks? A.To visit her parents. B.To call her relatives. C.To finish her work. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 (2023·全国甲&乙卷) 18.What does Maxim say about the competition he attended at 10? A.It inspired many young musicians. B.It was the music event of his dreams. C.It was a life-changing experience. 19.Which kind of music are the young players required to play? A.Rock music. B.Pop music. C.Classical music. 20.What does Maxim value most in young players’ performance? A.Expressiveness. B.Smoothness. C.Completeness. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park，and throughout the year.The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2) Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径)，camping，or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road，this quick workshop is for you and your family.Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience.Meet at the Canyon Village Store. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21) Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone.Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow.Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center. Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) From a classic viewpoint，enjoy Lower Falls，the Yellowstone River，and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history.Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place.Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk. Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10) Enhance your photography skills—join Yellow-stone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. 6/19—Waterfalls & Wide Angles：meet at Artist Point. 7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance：meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. 21.Which of the four programs begins the earliest? A.Photography Workshops. B.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics. C.Canyon Talks at Artist Point. D.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone. 22.What is the short talk at Artist Point about? A.Works of famous artists. B.Protection of wild animals. C.Basic photography skills. D.History of the canyon area. 23.Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop? A.Artist Point. B.Washburn Trailhead. C.Canyon Village Store. D.Visitor Education Center. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) When John Todd was a child，he loved to explore the woods around his house，observing how nature solved problems.A dirty stream，for example，often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older，John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture，medicine，and fisheries in college，John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)？Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals？With the right combination of animals and plants，he figured，maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥).First，he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other.Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals.He placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little，these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.After a few weeks，John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it！Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water. Over the years，John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou，a city in southeast China. “Ecological design”is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，”he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 24.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A.He was fond of traveling. B.He enjoyed being alone. C.He had an inquiring mind. D.He longed to be a doctor. 25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A.To feed the animals. B.To build an ecosystem. C.To protect the plants. D.To test the eco-machine. 26.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A.To review John’s research plans. B.To show an application of John’s idea. C.To compare John’s different jobs. D.To erase doubts about John’s invention. 27.What is the basis for John’s work? A.Nature can repair itself. B.Organisms need water to survive. C.Life on Earth is diverse. D.Most tiny creatures live in groups. (2023·全国甲卷) Grizzly bears，which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg，occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams.Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see，and their answer is often the same：a grizzly bear. “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range，”says bear biologist Chris Servheen.As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more，they’re increasingly being sighted by humans. The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came，with a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans.By the early 1970s，after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers，600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies.In 1975，grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. Today，there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S.Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies，which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.For now，grizzlies remain listed. Obviously，if precautions (预防) aren’t taken，grizzlies can become troublesome，sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food.If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites，grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble.Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.“Our hope is to have a clean，attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits，”says James Jonkel，longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. 28.How do Americans look at grizzlies? A.They cause mixed feelings in people. B.They should be kept in national parks. C.They are of high scientific value. D.They are a symbol of American culture. 29.What has helped the increase of the grizzly population? A.The European settlers’ behavior. B.The expansion of bears’ range. C.The protection by law since 1975. D.The support of Native Americans. 30.What has stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies? A.The opposition of conservation groups. B.The successful comeback of grizzlies. C.The voice of the biologists. D.The local farmers’ advocates. 31.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Food should be provided for grizzlies. B.People can live in harmony with grizzlies. C.A special path should be built for grizzlies. D.Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.If you’re lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park.They surveyed several hundred park-goers，asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.The researchers then examined these submissions，coding (编码) experiences into different categories.For example，one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”. Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge.After the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.These include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.For example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park.Back downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，”said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study. 32.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A.Pocket parks are now popular. B.Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C.Many cities are overpopulated. D.People enjoy living close to nature. 33.Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A.To compare different types of park-goers. B.To explain why the park attracts tourists. C.To analyze the main features of the park. D.To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries. 34.What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? A.Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B.Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C.The same nature experience takes different forms. D.The nature language enhances work performance. 35.What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A.Language study. B.Environmental conservation. C.Public education. D.Intercultural communication. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2023·全国乙卷) Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much，but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 ，but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情)，reducing stress and helping their memory.What’s more，indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants，also known as houseplants or pot plants，are plants that like to grow indoors.Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK，especially in the winter. 37 . Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra，who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens，says，“ 38 .I find during the winter months，plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity，focus and memory.There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases，such as carbon dioxide.They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39 . Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera，peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors.You can buy plants from supermarkets，garden centres or online.Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones，and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants.“ 40 ，” Spoelstra says.“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A.All plants are different B.Not only do they look beautiful C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D.Instead，they grow better inside，where it is warmer E.Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best F.Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2023·浙江1月卷) The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest.I was on my way to 41 a unique honey harvest.Here，in south-east Ethiopia，hand-carved beehives (蜂箱) are placed in the 42 .Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 . I 44 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.Ziyad began preparations.He 45 handfuls of damp tree leaves，wrapped them with string，and 46 the bunch to create a torch (火把).Then，with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree，Ziyad began 47 .He stopped every few minutes to move the 48 higher up the tree trunk. 49 ，Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.Sitting on a branch，he 50 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.Suddenly，Ziyad let out a sharp cry.Within seconds，he’d 51 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too 52 to collect the honey.A cool summer had delayed 53 .Baby bees were still in the honeycombs (蜂巢).The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up. 41.A.share B.collect C.celebrate D.witness 42.A.courtyards B.fields C.treetops D.caves 43.A.urgent B.dangerous C.expensive D.pointless 44.A.searched B.recognised C.followed D.invited 45.A.gathered B.cleaned C.dropped D.checked 46.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated 47.A.jumping B.talking C.testing D.climbing 48.A.hives B.leaves C.rope D.honey 49.A.Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D.Immediately 50.A.backed B.dived C.shouted D.inched 51.A.cut off B.gone up C.slid down D.held onto 52.A.high B.early C.fast D.close 53.A.hatching B.training C.sowing D.trading 54.A.curious B.hungry C.bored D.angry 55.A.moment B.equipment C.person D.order 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2019·全国Ⅰ卷) The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence 56. they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 57. (poor) studied；however, biologists calculate that there are about 20，000-25，000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods 58. tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s，and are expensive 59. (perform) consistently over a large area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 60. (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a 61. (believe) that populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by 62. (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements，leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 63. (high) than they actually are.Of 64. nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining，six 65. (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2023·浙江1月卷) 上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括： 1.活动的过程； 2.收获与感想。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Getting to Know the Plants Around Us 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2023·浙江1月卷) I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington.I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years.A noise at a window caught my attention，so I entered it.It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟)，desperately trying to escape.She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings.She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up. With the bird in my cupped hand，I looked around to see how she had gotten in.The broken window glass was the likely answer.I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside，closing the door securely behind me. When I opened my hand，the bird did not fly away；she sat looking at me with her bright eyes.I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings.Still，she made no attempt to fly.Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired？Or too thirsty? As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle，she began to move.I stopped，and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away.Hovering (悬停)，she approached within six inches of my face.For a very long moment，this tiny creature looked into my eyes，turning her head from side to side.Then she flew quickly out of sight. During the cookout，I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident.They promised to fix the window.As I was departing，my friends walked me to my car.I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering.She turned from person to person until she came to me.She again looked directly into my eyes，then let out a squeaking call and was gone.For a moment，all were speechless.Then someone said，“She must have come to say good-bye.” 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 A few weeks later，I went to the farm again. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 答案解析 听力原文 Text 1 W：So，you need some information on animal cells? Check the top shelf and you may find what you want. M: Oh，I see.May I borrow one for a day or two? W：Sorry.The reference books are not for lending. Text 2 M：I’d like a chicken roll，an order of fries and a chocolate shake. W：For here or to go? M：I’ll eat here，and here is 20 dollars. Text 3 M：I think we should replace that old computer. W：Hmm...the old computer...Why not get an assistant too? Our business is growing fast. Text 4 W：Oh，another windy day! It’s dusty everywhere and I can hardly see anything.It must be dangerous to drive on such days. M：Yes.It has been like this for a week. Text 5 W：Did you see the film on Wednesday? M：No，I went on Thursday night.Did you，on Wednesday? W: I was going to，but couldn’t make it.I think I’ll go on Saturday night. Text 6 M：Hello，can I speak to the sales manager，please? W：Yes，I’m the sales manager.Can I help you? M：Right.Well，(6)I phoned two days ago to say I hadn’t received my order and I’m ringing again to say it still hasn’t arrived. W：Can I just take your name，please? M：Yes，it’s Frank Edward. W：Ah，Mr.Edward.I think there’s been a problem with that order. M：What kind of problem? W：You see，(7)part of the order didn’t arrive here at the storehouse.So we couldn’t send it out until we’d received everything from the supplier. M：Well，(7)surely that was not my problem.I placed this order weeks ago. W：Yeah，I’m sorry about this，Mr.Edward.But we’ll do everything we can to send this out to you today. M：Right，please do.I am badly in need of it. Text 7 W：You were out the whole afternoon，Alex.What did you do? M：(8)I took a walk by myself. W：You just kept walking and walking for 4 hours? M：Actually，it’s not so boring.Walking in the woods is a grand adventure.Your feet can take you to the most amazing places. W：What did you do in the woods? M：I smelt the flowers，looked at the birds，and yeah，(9)I picked many tree leaves.I will make bookmarks with them.Look! W：Aren’t they beautiful! M：(10)Then I met Bob at the lake.He was fishing while his kids were having a swim. W：Did you talk to him? M：No.I walked on and took a lot of pictures.There’s just so much out there to see. Text 8 W：David，how was your holiday? M：Great！(11)I climbed Mount Fuji.It was really beautiful.Now I can check one more thing off my list. W：Your list? M：Yes.When I was 12，(12)I made a list of things I wanted to do someday. W：That’s interesting! How many of the things on your list have you done so far? M：Almost half.I have pictures.Would you like to see them? W：Yes，sure. M：Here I am on top of Mount Fuji.And here I am in a hot-air balloon. W：When did you do that? I’ve always wanted to go up in a hot-air balloon. M：It was two years ago，in August，in California. W：What are your plans for the next holiday? M：I’m thinking of deep-sea diving in Australia.Do you have any other suggestions? W：(13)You really ought to take a boat down the Amazon.You’ll see a lot of interesting animals and beautiful trees.It’s one of the best places I’ve been to. M：Okay，I’ll put it on my list. Text 9 M：(14)Hello，can I speak to Miss Leaney? W：This is Leaney.May I know who’s calling? M：(14)I’m Adam Watt from the Seven Star Insurance Company.Thank you for your interest in our company.I need some more information from your side. W：Oh，sure，Mr.Watt.Please go ahead. M：(15)You’ve got a degree in finance.Why did you apply for this job? W：I read the job description and discovered a few interesting programs that I’d like to be a part of.They’re challenging yet rewarding.Just the sort of things I consider to fit me best. M：I see.But given your educational background，wouldn’t you want to work for some bigger companies? W：(16)I prefer smaller companies to bigger ones，because a smaller business has the ability to be more flexible in its service offerings.In a small company，we can provide our customers with the exact service that they need.By doing this，we can form a closer relationship with our customers as if they were our neighbors or relatives. M：That’s very interesting.(17)When will you be available for employment? W：(17)In two weeks.I’ve promised my parents a ten-day visit.I can start work immediately after I’m back. M：Great.I will call you back in a couple of days about our final decision. W：Okay.Thank you very much. Text 10 M：Hello，I’m Maxim Vengerov，and I’m very happy to share with you my connection with Open Tchaikovsky Competition.(18)It was June 1986 when I came to Moscow to participate in Open Tchaikovsky Competition at the age of 10 from Chelyabinsk. This was actually the turning point of my life.Then I attended a world music festival in Berlin.And it was interesting to say that a kid made his breakthrough already at the age of 10.And that was me.Now as a judge of the competition，I can see clearly the huge challenges facing the musicians in the competition.(19)Where else can you see young players playing within ten days classical works and Russian traditional music before coming to the final stage？(20) As a musician，it’s important to give maximum attention and time to your own reflections of your own feelings.So，what I’m really looking for in the competition is to meet someone who can touch me musically.I want to see the seed，at least the seed of the great tree that can grow.I would go for this violinist.I would go for this musician. 1.B　2.C　3.B　4.A　5.B　6.B　7.C　8.A　9.B　10.A　11.C 12.B　13.C　14.C　15.A　16.C　17.A　18.C　19.C　20.A 语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——美国黄石国家公园护林员项目介绍 【语篇解读】　文章主要介绍了美国黄石国家公园的四个护林员项目。 21.D　[细节理解题。对比四个项目的时间信息可知，Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone是最早开始的(May 26)。] 22.D　[细节理解题。根据Canyon Talks at Artist Point部分中的“while learning about the area’s natural and human history”及本段最后的“for this short talk”可知，这个简短的演讲是关于峡谷这个地区的历史的。] 23.B　[细节理解题。根据Photography Workshops部分中的“7/10...meet at Washburn Trailhead”可知，7月10日参加者要在这里碰面。] 语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——处理污水的“生态机器” 【语篇解读】　文章讲述了John Todd从小就爱探索、爱思考。大学时期经过专业的学习之后，John通过实验发明出了处理污水的“生态机器”，并解决了很多实际的污水净化问题。 24.C　[推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段中首句的“John went back to observing nature and asking questions”以及第二段中的两个问句可以看出，John是一个喜欢探索、爱提问题的人。] 25.D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的前四句“The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥)...placed them in the tanks and waited”可知，John修建水箱是为了清理污泥中的有害物质，为此，他在水箱里放了一些动植物。第四段末句中的“all that was left was pure water”表明了将污泥放入水箱之后的变化。据此可以推断，John在水箱里放入污泥是为了检验他的“生态机器”的效果。] 26.B　[写作意图题。根据第五段“Over the years，John has taken on many big jobs”可知，多年来，John做了很多重大的工作。本段提到净化福州的运河水是为了举例说明John的发明及其理念在实践中的应用。] 27.A　[推理判断题。根据第三段以及最后一段中的末句“Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair”可推知，John设计的“生态机器”的原理是让不同种类的动植物形成自己的生态系统，进而做到自我修复。所以说John的工作依据就在于“大自然的自我修复”这一理念，故A项正确。] 语篇类型：说明文　主题主境：人与自然——环境保护——美国灰熊生存环境和状况 【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了美国灰熊从多变少的发展过程，和在法律的保护下，灰熊数量有所增长，并探讨了针对灰熊的应对保护方案。 28.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段首句中的“Grizzly bears...occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche”和“we revere(敬畏)them even as they give us frightening dreams”可知，人们对灰熊既怕又爱。由此可见，人们对它们的感情很复杂，故A项正确。] 29.C　[推理判断题。根据第三段的末句“In 1975，grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.”和第四段的首句“Today，there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S.”可以推断，灰熊数量增长与1975年以来的法律保护息息相关，故C项正确。] 30.A　[细节理解题。根据题干可以迅速锁定第四段。根据第四段中的倒数第二句“Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.”可知，动物保护组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类及野生动物管理局将灰熊从《美国濒危动物法案》中除名，故A项正确。] 31.B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的第二、三句“If people remove food and attractants...is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.”可以推断，人类可以和灰熊和谐共处，故B项正确。] 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——人类与大自然互动 【语篇解读】　文章介绍了作者通过对一项新的研究结果及其过程的描述，向读者介绍了与大自然互动对人类健康的重要性，同时也指出人类要保护大自然。 32.B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find”以及“it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild”可知，在城市里很难接触大自然。] 33.D　[推理判断题。根据第四段第一句话“Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories...began to emerge”可知，研究人员对参与者提交的信息进行分类主要是为了在游客的总结材料中找到分类的模式。] 34.C　[推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第一、二句所举的例子“the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying...a fountain on their lunch break”可知，年轻的职业人士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，周内可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的与自然的互动体验会有不同的表现形式。] 35.B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段Kahn的末句“And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it”可知，我们在与大自然互动之前需要保护环境。] 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——自然生态——室内种花养草可以给人们的生活带来许多益处 【语篇解读】　文章介绍了室内绿植不仅可以净化空气，还可以改善人们的心情、减轻压力和增进记忆力。 36.B　[空后表明室内绿植还可以通过改善心情、减轻压力、增进记忆力来提升人们的幸福感，且空后的but与B项中的Not only在意思上构成递进关系。] 37.D　[上文说在英国许多这样的物种不适宜在室外生长，特别是在冬季，和D项“相反，它们在室内更温暖的地方长势更好”构成转折关系，符合语境。] 38.C　[根据本段小标题和本段内容可知，该段主要讲述了室内种植绿植有许多好处，此处引用别人的话也应呼应这一主题。] 39.E　[空格位于段尾，与上文存在例证关系，上文说盆栽可以通过消除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气，还可以消去一些来自绘画颜料或烹饪的有害化学物质。E项“像和平百合和绿萝正是效果最好的植物”符合语境。] 40.G　[空后It指代该空内容，说明这样做可以给人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点并帮助人们增强家与自然的联系。故G项“了解每种植物的习性会很有益处”符合语境。] 语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自然——自然生态——采蜂蜜的过程 【语篇解读】　文章讲述了作者前往Harenna Forest，跟随着养蜂人Ziyad目睹了一次收蜂蜜的过程。 41.D　[根据下文内容可知，作者见证了蜂蜜丰收的全过程，故选D。witness“见证，目击，当场看到”。] 42.C　[根据下文的“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground”和“Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，养蜂人Ziyad爬到了离地面约20米的高处，故可知蜂箱应该在树顶，故选C。courtyard“庭院，院子”；field“田；地；领域”；cave“山洞”。] 43.B　[由下文内容可知Ziyad要爬到距离地面约20米的树顶采蜂蜜，结合下文的“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，这个行为时常是危险的，故选B。urgent“紧急的”；pointless“无意义的”。] 44.C　[由下文内容可知，作者目睹了Ziyad采蜜的过程，故作者跟着养蜂人Ziyad经过草地并进入茂密的丛林去收获蜂蜜。search“搜寻”；recognise“认出”。] 45.A　[根据下文的“wrapped them with string，and the bunch to create a torch(火把)”可知，Ziyad把一把把潮湿的树叶收集起来，再用绳子绑成一束做成火把。] 46.B　[结合上题解析及下文的“blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive”可知，Ziyad点燃了树叶做成的火把，还把烟吹进了蜂箱里的小洞中，故选B。shake“摇动”；light“点燃”；measure“测量”；decorate“装饰”。] 47.D　[结合下文内容可知，Ziyad爬到离地面约20米的树顶；再由上文的“with one end of a rope...trunk of a tree”可知，Ziyad已经做好开始爬树的准备了。] 48.C　[根据上题解析可知，Ziyad是绑着绳子沿着树干向上爬的，因此他每隔几分钟停一下拉一下绳子以方便继续往上爬。] 49.A　[由空后的“Ziyad got close to the hive”可知，最终，Ziyad到达树顶了，故选A。naturally“自然地”；immediately“立即，马上”。] 50.D　[由上文可知，收获蜂蜜是一个艰难且危险的工作，而且是在离地面约20米的树顶上作业，因此Ziyad应该是小心翼翼地朝着蜂箱缓慢移动，故选D。inch“(使朝某方向)谨慎移动”。] 51.C　[由空后的“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad从树上回到地面上了，故选C。cut off“切掉”；go up“上升”；slide down“滑下来”；hold onto“握住”。] 52.B　[由下文的“A cool summer...still in the honeycombs(蜂巢)”可知，幼蜂还在蜂巢里，没有出去采蜜，因此那时还不是收获蜂蜜的时候。] 53.A　[结合空前、空后内容可知，现在收获蜂蜜太早了，幼蜂还没长到足够大出去采蜜，因此可推测是气候原因延迟了蜜蜂的孵化，故选A。hatch“孵化”；train“训练”；sow“播种”；trade“做买卖”。] 54.D　[由上文的“Suddenly，Ziyad let out a sharp cry”及语境可知，Ziyad把火把的烟吹到蜂巢里的小洞中，这个行为惹恼了成年的蜜蜂，因此成年蜜蜂一直在攻击他，故选D。curious“好奇的”。] 55.A　[根据第53题的解析可知，现在不是收获蜂蜜的时机，还需等待一个合适的时候，故选A。equipment“设备”；order“订单；命令”。] 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——北极熊现状 【语篇解读】　文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。 56.that　[考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。] 57.poorly　[考查词性转换。修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。] 58.of/for　[考查介词。a method of/for doing sth做某事的方法。] 59.to perform　[考查非谓语动词。此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。] 60.have reported　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语In recent years可判断用现在完成时；主语some Inuit people为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。] 61.belief　[考查词性转换。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填believe的名词形式belief(看法，信念)。] 62.noting　[考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth通过做某事回应。] 63.higher　[考查比较等级。根据空格后的than可知，此处应用high的比较级形式higher。] 64.the　[考查冠词。此处特指确认的19个亚种群，故用定冠词the。] 65.are　[考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；six指代six polar bear subpopulations，谓语动词应用复数形式。] 第一节 【写作指导】　 【参考范文1】　 Getting to Know the Plants Around Us Last weekend，I took part in an event held by the Students’ Union，which is aimed at educating us more about daily biology. Initially，I attended a lecture on the flower project.The lecturer asked us to write a review on it.Since tulips are my favorite plant，I did well and got praised. Additionally，I visited the desert exhibition.Learning much from it，I came to understand why cactuses and other dry plants have sharp leaves.Ultimately，I was introduced to a brochure about trees we usually see in life，which benefited me a lot. Undoubtedly，I gained numerous knowledge on plants and have become interested in them through this meaningful activity. 【参考范文2】　 Getting to Know the Plants Around Us Last Sunday witnessed my participating in a meaningful activity named “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” organized by the Students’ Union. To make us learn more about diverse plants，the organizers led us to a nearby botanic garden，which presented us with colorful and distinctive plants，such as daisies，daffodils and so on.Moreover，a rice expert even instructed us to observe the growth process of the hybrid rice.After his vivid introduction，the idea that it is definitely Yuan Longping’s intense efforts that feed so many people on the earth struck me deeply. The activity lasted for the whole day and I felt greatly lucky to have such a precious chance. 第二节 【原文大意】　 作者被邀请去一个农场享用露天烧烤，发现有只蜂鸟被蛛网困住了，于是作者把这只蜂鸟救了。但是，这只蜂鸟却迟迟不肯飞走，徘徊了许久后才离开。后来，在作者准备离开时，这只蜂鸟又飞回到作者面前，好像是在和作者告别。 【写作指导】　 根据第一段首句内容“几周后，我又回到了这个农场。”可知，第一段应该描述“我”回到农场后的场景。根据上文可知，东道主答应我们会把窗户修补好，所以“我”这次来的目的很可能是“我”又来拜访老朋友，顺便看他们是否履行了自己的诺言。此外，第一段也可以穿插一些“我”与朋友之间的互动，还可以设置一个小矛盾，即一开始“我”没有见到蜂鸟的失落，与第二段“我正准备离开时蜂鸟出现”相衔接。另外该段也可以描述我们吃露天烧烤时的场面。 根据第二段首句内容“我正要离开，这时这只蜂鸟突然出现。”可知，第二段应该主要写“我”与蜂鸟之间的互动，通过对蜂鸟进行细节描写(外貌、动作等)，再结合“我”的情绪与动作展开构思。结尾可以围绕好几个点展开：可以写蜂鸟再次与“我”告别，也可以讲述“我”与蜂鸟相知相惜，还可以从“我”与蜂鸟这段珍贵的相遇与回忆入手，也可以从人与自然的角度切入。 【参考范文1】　 A few weeks later，I went to the farm again.Having finished visiting my friend，I wandered alone along the path，kicking pebbles.Memories with the hummingbird occurred to me when I walked to the blackberry-lined path.Was she alright？Would she remember me？Unknowingly，the milking house appeared in my vision，in which I spotted that the broken window had been repaired.My head went blank.I couldn’t help missing her at the prospect of our precious friendship.The sky seemed to turn cloudy then. I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared.There she was！Delightedly，the clouds in my heart soon cleared.Hands waving ，I dashed towards the bird，yelling to make myself noticed.She hovered cheerfully and lowered to stand on my shoulder.It was not until the moment she got closer that I saw the raspberry held in her sharp mouth.What a kind bird！Even animals know returning.Apparently，a good deed deserves another one.Solid bridges can be built between species. 【参考范文2】　 A few weeks later，I went to the farm again.I still remembered my friends’ promise so I went past the abandoned milking house to see if they had fixed the broken window.To my satisfaction，no other tiny creatures would meet this trouble any more.As I approached the farm，I was greeted by a spicy smell of the barbecue，urging me to walk faster .We were totally immersed in the peaceful atmosphere，enjoying the delicate cuisines，talking about our interesting experiences and singing songs till the sun set.The evening glow spreading across the farm，it was time for us to say goodbye so we went to the parking lot together. I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared.With a squeaking call，she dived towards me and hovered before my face，looking at me with her bright eyes.Then she stopped on my left shoulder.I patted her on the back which was covered by colorful feathers.And I took out my water bottle，trying to give her some water.Content and joyful，she flew about 2 meters above the ground，turning her head from side to side as if expressing her gratitude to me for saving her life again.At that moment，happiness and the feeling of being moved mingled，welling up into my heart，tears rolling down my cheeks. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null