第1部分 必修第三册 UNIT 2 Making a difference（Word教参）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（外研版）

[对应学生用书P90] (2023·江苏扬州高三调研)假定你所在的城市正在创建全国文明城市，请写一篇演讲稿，呼吁全体同学行动起来，为创建文明城市作出自己的贡献。内容包括： 1.创建文明城市的内容与意义； 2.呼吁同学们从身边小事做起(不少于两点)。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 参考词汇：文明城市 civilized city Boys and girls， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Thank you. [满分作文] Boys and girls， As has been promoted by our school，we are to build a civilized city，in which case our city can be cleaner and more competitive，and all the residents will be better off. At school，we should pick up litter while we are walking around，or help others when necessary.At home，we can persuade our parents to quit smoking and get along well with neighbors. Besides，the core socialist values ought to be put into practice. Thank you. Ⅰ.核心单词 1.recycle v.再利用，回收利用 2.earn v.挣(钱) 3.extend v.持续；延伸 4.mission n.职责；使命 5.disease n.疾病，病 6.generous adj.慷慨的，大方的 7.aid v.帮助，援助 8.chief adj.最高级别的，首席的 9.obtain v.获得，得到 10.further adj.更多的，附加的 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1.contribute v.贡献，撰稿，捐献→contribution n.贡献，捐献，稿件 2.relief n.减轻，缓解→relieve v.减轻，缓解→relieved adj.感到宽慰的，放心的 3.short adj.不足的→shortage n.短缺，不足，缺乏 4.effect n.影响，结果，效应→effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的 5.donate v.捐赠，捐献→donation n.捐赠；捐赠物 6.real adj.真实的，实际的→reality n.真实，现实→realise/realize v.实现；意识到；领会 7.able adj.能，有才能的→ability n.能力→unable adj.未能，无法→disable v.使丧失能力，使伤残→disability n.残疾，残障 8.sense n.感觉官能 v.感觉到→sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的→sensible adj.明智的，理智的，合理的 9.hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n.犹豫 10.assist v.帮助，援助→assistance n.帮助，援助→assistant n.助手，助理 11.confirm v.证实，证明→confirmation n.证实，证明 12.achieve v.达到，完成→achievement n.成绩，成就 13.major adj.重要的，主要的 v.主修→majority n.大多数 14.treat v.治疗，对待→treatment n.治疗；疗法 Ⅲ.阅读词汇 默想下面单词的含义，不会的在□中做出标记并核对识记。 □internal adj.内部的　　　 □fountain n.喷水池 □foundation n.基金会 □insight n.顿悟，猛醒 □territory n.地区，地方 □cancer n.癌症 □royal adj.王室的，皇家的 □institution n.机构，团体 □registration n.登记，注册 □military n.军队 □drug n.药物，药材 □ministry n.(政府的)部 □fund v.为……提供资金，资助 □perseverance n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈 □Jewish adj.犹太人的，犹太教的 □temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的 □knighthood n.(英国的)爵士封号或头衔 □certificate n.证明书，证书 1.眺望；往对面看 look across 2.挣钱 earn money 3.结果是，证明是；出席；参加 turn out 4.有影响；起(重要)作用 make a difference 5.突然笑起来 break into a smile 6.建立 set up 7.从……中获益 benefit from ... 8.使某人梦想成真 make one's dream a reality 9.把……记录下来 keep records of 10.一度；在某一刻 at one point 11.站起身来 rise to one's feet 12.使……引起公众注意 bring ...to public attention 13.去世 pass away 14.收留；理解，领会；欺骗 take in 1.句型：not ...but ...不是……而是…… 教材原句：Now，as an adult，Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don't I help？”，but “How can I help today？”. 现在，作为一个成年人，瑞安说要问的问题不是“我为什么不帮忙？”，而是“今天我该如何帮忙？”。 2.句型：独立主格结构 教材原句：These are among the 669 children，most of them Jewish，that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis. 这些是尼古拉斯·温顿将陆续从纳粹分子死亡之手中拯救的669名儿童中的一部分，他们大多是犹太人。 3.句型：upon/on＋名词/动词­ing形式 一……就…… 教材原句：On leaving school，Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. 一毕业，温顿就在德国和法国的银行工作。 Ⅰ.词形转换 1.To my relief，the new medicine bought from Japan helped relieve the pain of my brother's injured leg.(relief) 2.On hearing the brave girl's disease，local people lined up to donate blood to her，and their donation has saved her life.(donate) 3.It is possible that one day we will end up with disability，so we shouldn't look down upon the disabled.(disable) 4.Mary is a sensitive girl who can sense the change of people's feeling easily.(sense) 5.She answered the question without hesitation.(hesitate) 6.I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your dream of being admitted to a key university，which will give you a wonderful sense of achievement.(achieve) 7.The majority of students in our class want to major in English literature at college.(major) 8.The nurses treated her as their own mother and she soon recovered after the treatment .(treat) Ⅱ.短语填空 Seeing the Jewish children living in danger，Nicholas Winton decided to 1.make a difference (有影响) to them.Later he 2.set up(建立) an office to 3.keep records of(记录) the children and the addresses of the families that 4.took them in(收留).All of this was done in secret.In 1988，his wife found a forgotten journal and sent it to a newspaper，which 5.brought Winton to public attention(使公众注意到……).That year he was seen on the British television programme.6.At one point(一度，在某一刻)，the host asked people in the audience to stand up if Winton had saved their lives.It 7.turned out(结果是) that the majority of people 8.rose to their feet(站起身来).Winton became a respected figure around the world.He 9.passed away(去世) on 1 July 2015，but many people had 10.benefited from(从……中获益) his bravery actions. Ⅲ.句式仿写 1.电话里找的是她而不是你。(not ...but ...) Not you but she is wanted on the telephone. 2.从各方面考虑，她的建议比你的建议更有价值。(独立主格结构) All things considered，her suggestion is of greater value than yours. 3.听到消息他们无一不战战兢兢。(upon/on＋名词/动词­ing形式) On/Upon hearing the news，all of them were trembling with fear. [对应学生用书P90] 1 relief n.减轻，缓解；宽慰；救济 单句语法填空 ①Quality counts less than attitude and effort—even stupid joke can relieve others of risk and embarrassment. ②Thank goodness! We succeeded in climbing onto the helicopter，gasping with relief. ③Much to my relief，all of us succeeded in the important interview. 一句多译 ④最终帮助他们解决了困难是多么令人欣慰的事啊！ →It is a relief to help them out of trouble finally.(it作形式主语) →What a relief it is to help them out of trouble finally! (感叹句) ①to one's relief令某人感到欣慰的是 with relief欣慰地，宽慰地；松了口气 It is a relief to do sth.做某事是放心的/舒心的。 What a relief！多么令人欣慰啊！ in relief醒目地；如释重负，松了口气 ②relieve v.(疼痛、问题等)解除，减轻，缓和 relieve sb.of ...解除/减轻某人的…… 2 hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫 单句语法填空 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)He hesitated(hesitate) and then said he had decided not to run. ②She hesitated about/over the choice between the two cellphones，pink or blue. ③Without hesitation(hesitate) the whole class voted for David，saying that no one had worked harder for that award than he. 一句多译 ④如果你对中国餐桌礼仪还有一些疑问，请毫不犹豫地告诉我。 →If you still have some doubts about Chinese table manners，please don't hesitate to tell me. (hesitate) →If you still have some doubts about Chinese table manners，please tell me without hesitation. (hesitation) ①hesitate about/over (doing) sth.对(做)某事犹豫不决 hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事 ②hesitation n.犹豫，迟疑；不情愿 with hesitation犹豫地 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 3 major adj.重要的，主要的 单句语法填空 ①The majority(major) of students (65%) choose to listen to English songs. ②When I graduated from high school，I wanted to major in comparative literature. ③Those who voted for him were in a majority，so he was elected as chairman of the Students' Union. 词汇升级 ④Some people gave up halfway，but most participants made it to the finishing line. →Some people gave up halfway，but the majority of participants made it to the finishing line. ①major in主修 ②majority n.多数；大多数 in the/a majority占大多数 a/the majority of ...大多数…… the/a majority of＋名词，表示“大多数……”，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词的数相一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。 4 make a difference 有影响，起(重要)作用 单句语法填空 ①First of all，do what we can to make a difference. ②Even if it is a small thing，it could still make much difference to the environment. ③The twins are so alike；it's difficult to tell the difference between them. 完成句子 ④我希望我能像我的老师那样，对别人的生活产生影响。 I hope I can make a difference in the lives of other people, just like my teacher does. ①make a difference to对……有作用/有影响 make some/no/little difference (to ...) (对……)有一些/没有作用或影响 ②tell the difference (between ...and ...)辨别/区分(……与……) It is not what you say today but what you do today that makes a great difference to your life tomorrow. 是你现在做的事情而不是你现在说的话对你今后的生活有重大影响。 5 break into强行闯入；突然……起来 单句语法填空 ①The “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break down the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. ②When the fighting broke out，George thought it better to get out before it was too late，so he came back to England. ③The water was covered with ice，which could sometimes break up without warning. 完成句子 ④好消息一宣布，人群就欢呼起来。 Instantly the good news was announced，the crowds broke into cheers. break into cheers/laughter/tears突然欢呼/大笑/哭起来 break away from 脱离；背叛；逃脱 break in打断；插嘴；闯入 break out爆发；突然发生 break through突破；冲破 break down (身体)垮掉；(机器)出故障；(化学)分解；消除(隔阂等) break off折断；断开；停止 break up 破碎；分手 6 rise to one's feet 站起身来 单句语法填空 ①Rise to your feet when the visitors come in. ②American Neil Armstrong became the first man to set foot on the moon. ③I found an old man fell into a pool，but quickly he struggled to his feet(foot). 完成句子 ④既然你已经长大成人，你就得学会独立生活。 Now that you have grown up，you must learn to stand on your own feet. struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来 jump to one's feet跳起来 set foot on/in进入；踏上 stand on one's own feet自立；独立自主 At the end of the concert，the audience rose to their feet to applaud and cheer. 音乐会结束时，观众站起身来鼓掌欢呼。 7 not ...but ... 不是……而是…… Now，as an adult，Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don't I help？”，but “How can I help today？”. 现在，作为一个成年人，瑞安说要问的问题不是“我为什么不帮忙？”，而是“今天我该如何帮忙？”。 单句语法填空 ①(2023·全国甲卷)It is not an explanation，but an invitation to think and experience philosophy. ②Not only the students but also their teacher is(be) enjoying the film now. 句式升级 ③As for the environmental protection，not what we say but what we do makes a difference. →As for the environmental protection，it is not what we say but what we do that makes a difference. (强调句型) ①“not ...but ...”连接的两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则，即要与邻近的主语的数保持一致。 ②与“not ...but ...”用法类似，同样遵循就近原则的结构还有： neither ...nor ...既不……也不…… not only ...but (also) ...不但……而且…… either ...or ...或者……或者…… [对应学生用书P93] 维度1　单句语法填空 1.While he majored in philosophy and literature，he has no passion in either subject. 2.After he was knocked down by a car which escaped immediately，he struggled to his feet and called 120 and the police station. 3.To our great relief(relieve)，with the help of her teacher，she was able to put her heart into her study and graduated from college. 4.If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school，Wilson never hesitates to buy (buy) them a meal. 5.If we learn some knowledge of first aid，it can make a real difference in time of accidents. 6.Surveys indicate that supporters of the treaty are still in the majority. 7.I followed his eyes and looked across the room to the children who were drawing on the table. 8.From a young age，my parents have taught me the importance of giving generosity(generous) to the less fortunate. 9.She has made great achievements(achieve) in her work and has won respect from her students. 10.Now a recent Canadian study suggests that a young baby benefiting from interactive music classes has better communication skills than one who takes a less­active class. 维度2　一词多义 写出下列句中treatment的词性和词义 1.Perhaps it's time to try a new course of treatment.n.治疗；疗法 2.The same subject matter gets a very different treatment by Chris Wilson in his latest novel.n.处理 3.I don't expect special treatment—I just want to be treated fairly.n.对待，待遇 维度3　熟词生义 1.(2021·全国甲卷)According to the World Wildlife Fund，the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5，500，giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.基金会 2.In the movie，he plays a concerned and sensitive father trying to bring up two teenage children on his own.体贴的，善解人意的 3.She works in the office as a temporary.临时工；临时雇员 维度4　完成句子/句式升级 1.只有当我们言行一致时，我们才能在生活中产生影响。(difference) Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in our life. 2.我意识到成功的秘诀不是你出生于何时何地，而是你在生活中的所作所为。(not ...but ...) I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born，but what you are doing and how you do it in your life. 3.飞机最后终于安全着陆了，我们大家都松了一口气。(relief) We all sighed with relief when the plane finally touched down safely. 4.When the test was finished，we began our holiday. →The test finished，we began our holiday.(独立主格结构) 5.He found that the train had left as soon as he arrived at the station. →Upon/On arriving/his arrival at the station，he found that the train had left.(on/upon＋名词/动词­ing形式) 维度1　单元话题微写作 Step 1　要点提示(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇翻译) 1.地震一发生，很多人作为志愿者去当地提供帮助。 As soon as the earthquake occurred，many people served as volunteers to the local area to provide assistance. 2.有的人给伤者进行治疗或急救，有的人充当临时指挥官，让救援车辆有序进出。 Some people gave treatment or first aid to the injured，while others acted as temporary commanders to let rescue vehicles in and out orderly. 3.尽管身处危险中，他们也毫不犹豫。 Even if they were in danger，they did not hesitate. 4.有些人虽然没有去现场参与救援，但是慷慨地捐了钱和医疗物资。 Although some people did not go to the scene to participate in the rescue，they generously donated money and medical supplies. 5.他们为灾区的救援和重建做出了巨大贡献。 They have made great contributions to the rescue and reconstruction of the disaster areas. 6.他们的无私行为不但很好地诠释了中华民族“一方有难，八方支援”的优良传统，而且对整个世界也产生了巨大影响。 Their selfless behavior not only explains the Chinese nation's fine tradition that when disaster strikes，help comes from all sides，but also makes a great difference to the whole world. Step 2　升级句式 7.将句3改为省略句 Even if in danger，they did not hesitate. 8.将句4改为分词短语作状语的句子 Not having gone to the scene to participate in the rescue，some people generously donated money and medical supplies. Step 3　衔接成文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：all in all) [参考范文] As soon as the earthquake occurred，many people served as volunteers to the local area to provide assistance.Some people gave treatment or first aid to the injured，while others acted as temporary commanders to let rescue vehicles in and out orderly.Even if in danger，they did not hesitate.Not having gone to the scene to participate in the rescue，some people generously donated money and medical supplies.They have made great contributions to the rescue and reconstruction of the disaster areas.All in all，their selfless behavior not only explains the Chinese nation's fine tradition of “one side is in trouble，and all sides support it”，but also makes a great difference to the whole world. 维度2　读后续写微技能 动作描写之“头部”动作 [词汇积累] 动词 scratch，hang，drop，lower，bend，bow，nod，shake，droop [词块必记] 1.drop/lower/bend/bow one's head低头 2.put/hold one's head in one's hands双手抱头 3.nod one's head 点头 4.shake one's head摇头 5.rest one's head on/against把头靠在……上面 6.bury one's head把头埋起来 7.scratch one's head挠了挠头 [佳句背诵] 1.He scratched his head，not understanding a word. 他挠了挠头，一个字也不懂。 2.His head dropped and tears fell into his lap. 他耷拉着脑袋，眼泪滴落在大腿上。 3.I fell asleep as soon as my head hit the pillow. 我的头一碰到枕头就睡着了。 4.He put/held his head in his hands，greatly annoyed. 他双手抱头，十分生气。 5.He walked slowly along the street with his head drooped. 耷拉着脑袋，他沿着街慢悠悠地走。 6.Scratching his head，Tom came up with a good idea. 汤姆搔搔头，想出了一个好主意。 [完成句子] 1.史蒂文低着头，眼里含着泪，慢慢地向公交车走去。 Steven walked slowly to the bus，his head down，tears in his eyes.(独立主格) 2.他的朋友约翰向他点头微笑。 His friend John nodded his head and smiled at him. 3.尽管他的心情不好，他还是低下头来掩饰，勉强笑了一下。 Though he was in a bad mood，he dropped his head to hide it and managed a smile. 4.回到家中，他把头埋到被子底下，假装睡着了。 When he got home，he buried his head under the quilt，pretending to be asleep. 5.他的母亲停下了家务活，满眼诧异地抬起头。 His mother stopped her housework，raising her head with surprise in her eyes.(非谓语动词短语作状语) 6.史蒂文站起来坐在母亲身边，将头靠在她的肩膀上，哭了起来。 Steven rose，sat close to his mother and rested his head on/against her shoulder，weeping. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$