课时作业(8) 必修第二册 Unit 4 Exploring literature（Word练习）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（译林版）

课时作业(八)　必修第二册　Unit 4　Exploring literature 一、阅读理解 A Explorations of Modern Literature MODALITY On­campus SESSION July 19August 5 DAY & TIME MondayFriday 9 a．m.11 a．m. and 3 p．m.5 p．m. STATUS New INSTRUCTOR Mark Blacher Course description In this course we explore modern literature from early pioneers such as Emily Dickinson，Hemingway，Philip Roth and Toni Morrison.We focus mainly on shorter fiction and poetry，but may also look at excerpts(摘录) from some longer works. We consider not only the meanings of the works but also how they are written and constructed to give them their power.While we focus largely on close reading and formal analysis，we also look at the historical contexts of the works.Additionally，we pay attention to how literature sounds and how it makes us feel. Students are expected to write a number of informal reaction pieces，contribute actively to class discussion，take part in a few short creative projects，and prepare short papers and oral presentations on works of their own choice. Students learn how to read actively，think analytically，present their ideas clearly，and work with others—all skills that will be invaluable to them in college and in their professional and personal lives.No previous knowledge or course work is required. Instructor：Mark Blacher Mark Blacher holds a master's degree in comparative literature from the University of California，Los Angeles (UCLA).While at UCLA he taught classics of world literature，and taught students close reading and writing.Mark's undergraduate degree is from Columbia University.He has worked with Columbia's Pre­College Programs for over thirty years. 1．What can we know about the course? A．It will last one month. B．It is given on weekdays. C．It requires previous knowledge. D．It only focuses on shorter fiction. 2．What should the students do in class? A．Create short projects on their own. B．Recommend books to other students. C．Take an active part in class discussion. D．Share their reading and writing strategies. 3．Which of the following can best describe Mark Blacher? A．Experienced. B．Determined. C．Easy­going. D．Independent. [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一门现代文学探索课程。 1．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据表格中DAY & TIME部分中的内容“MondayFriday 9 a．m.11 a．m. and 3 p．m.5 p．m.(周一至周五上午9点至11点，下午3点至5点)”可知，该课程的上课时间为周一到周五，即工作日上课。故选B。 2．C　[解析]细节理解题。根据Course description部分第三段“Students are expected to write a number of informal reaction pieces，contribute actively to class discussion，take part in a few short creative projects，and prepare short papers and oral presentations on works of their own choice.(学生应该写一些非正式的读后感，积极参与课堂讨论，参加一些简短的创意项目，并准备自己选择的作品的简短论文和口头报告。)”可知，学生应该积极参与课堂讨论。故选C。 3．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据“Instructor：Mark Blacher”部分最后一句“He has worked with Columbia's Pre­College Programs for over thirty years.(他在哥伦比亚大学预科项目工作了30多年。)”可知，Mark Blacher经验丰富。故选A。 B (2024·云南昆明高三摸底考试)Recently I've been drawn to books which motivate me to look at myself，and hopefully make me a better “me”．The Courage to Be Disliked，by Ichiro Kishimi and Fumitake Koya，has a title I just can't go past. The book has taken Japan by storm，using the theories of philosopher Alfred Adler to create conversations between a fictional philosopher and a young man.The conversations cover many broad，interesting and touchy topics.The philosopher character sticks by the theories of Adler，and explains how we are competent to determine our own lives，and be free of the influence of past experiences and others' expectations.It's a way of thinking that allows us to develop the courage to change and to ignore the limitations placed on us. These often complex topics are played out in a conversational style between the two men.While it's easy to follow the conversations，the topics will knock around in your own head as you work out whether you sit on the side of the philosopher，the young man，or somewhere in between.The book is well­received by readers primarily owing to the fact that it presents two well­balanced perspectives in the arguments.You'll find yourself doing household chores，or at your keyboard，unpacking all the information in your mind and coming to your own conclusions. You will wholeheartedly agree on some points and want to throw the book at the wall at others.Its content is polarising(两极化的) and I certainly don't agree with everything the philosopher or the young man says，but I think that's the point.The Courage to Be Disliked is there to spark a conversation with yourself and do some slightly uncomfortable soul­searching. 4．Which category does the book belong to? A．Classic literature. B．Science fiction. C．Philosophy theory. D．Self improvement. 5．Which statement might the philosopher character agree with? A．People can take charge of their life course. B．People are free of the influence of their past. C.People should hide their eagerness to change. D.People ought to take their limitations seriously. 6．How does the book develop? A．By presenting dialogues. B．By making comparisons. C．By arguing theoretically. D．By listing adequate data. 7．Why is the book popular with readers? A．It shows ideas in plain language. B．It offers balanced sides to the topics. C.It displays the scientific statistics. D．It avoids the use of philosophic terms. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章推荐了一本自我提升类的书籍《被讨厌的勇气》。 4．D　[解析]推理判断题。根据第一段“Recently I've been drawn to books which motivate me to look at myself，and hopefully make me a better ‘me’．The Courage to Be Disliked，by Ichiro Kishimi and Fumitake Koya，has a title I just can't go past.”和最后一段中的“The Courage to Be Disliked is there to spark a conversation with yourself and do some slightly uncomfortable soul­searching.”可知，书籍《被讨厌的勇气》激励读者自我反思，成为更好的自己，因此属于自我提升类书籍。故选D。 5．A　[解析]推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The philosopher character sticks by the theories of Adler，and explains how we are competent to determine our own lives，and be free of the influence of past experiences and others' expectations.”可知，书中的哲学家认为人有能力决定自己的生活。因此，他应该会赞同的观点是“人们可以主导自己的人生道路”。故选A。 6．A　[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These often complex topics are played out in a conversational style between the two men.(这些通常很复杂的话题在两人之间以对话的方式展开。)”可知，这本书是通过呈现对话的方式展开的。故选A。 7．B　[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The book is well­received by readers primarily owing to the fact that it presents two well­balanced perspectives in the arguments.(这本书受到读者的广泛欢迎，主要是因为它在论证中呈现了两个平衡的观点。)”可知，这本书受欢迎是因为它为话题提供了平衡的观点。故选B。 二、七选五阅读 Are you the kind of person who hated school？Or are you more like Michael Nicholson，who can't stop learning？He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master's and a doctorate！1.______ The word comes from Greek with“phil”meaning“a lover of”and“math”meaning “learning”． Humans are all philomaths to an extent—our brain is born to be curious.We want to learn and understand，partly to make sense of the world but also because of something called neoteny.This is a term that refers to the teenage characteristics of some animals，including humans，being preserved into adulthood.One of these traits is neuroplasticity，which helps our brains stay flexible.2.______ While creatures like monkeys can't do this and only learn during their adolescence. But for every person who loves learning，there are plenty who can't stand it.3.______ Why is this？Educational anthropologists have suggested that if a concept or idea is too complex or dull，it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together.4.______ This negative experience of education at school may lead to people avoiding learning opportunities in later life. 5．______ Evolution has made us lifelong learners，so take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath.Who knows what you could achieve? A．This gives us the ability to learn throughout our lives. B．If that's the case，we lose motivation and absorb less information. C．If you're also passionate about studying，you might be a philomath. D．Because of this trait，our brains are able to recognize different shapes. E．Many students think it is inspiring to learn something about “philomath”． F．Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even pointless. G．So，don't let a bad educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。人类的“神经可塑性”帮助大脑保持灵活，进行终身学习，但由于学校学习内容概念的复杂或沉闷，导致很多人经历了消极的学习体验。然而，我们应该利用自身的生理优势，成为学习爱好者。 1．C　[解析]空后“The word comes from Greek with ‘phil’ meaning ‘a lover of’ and ‘math’meaning‘learning’．”可知，空后一句是空处对应单词的解释，该单词为“philomath”，前文“Or are you more like Michael Nicholson，who can't stop learning？He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master's and a doctorate！”表明Michael Nicholson是十分热爱学习的人，C选项符合语境。故选C。 2．A　[解析]空前“This is a term that refers to the teenage characteristics of some animals，including humans，being preserved into adulthood.One of these traits is neuroplasticity，which helps our brains stay flexible.”说明动物中的神经可塑性能帮助大脑一直处于灵活状态，后文“While creatures like monkeys can't do this and only learn during their adolescence.”表示猴子做不到，前后进行对比；A选项“This gives us the ability to learn throughout our lives.”中This表示前文的特征，能够帮助我们终身学习。故选A。 3．F　[解析]空前“But for every person who loves learning，there are plenty who can't stand it.”表示热爱学习的人也有无法忍受的时候，空后“Why is this？Educational anthropologists have suggested that if a concept or idea is too complex or dull，it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together.”对空处的一种现象解释原因；F选项表明学生时代的学习有时候是无聊，甚至是无意义的。符合语境。故选F。 4．B　[解析]空前“Educational anthropologists have suggested that if a concept or idea is too complex or dull，it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together.”表明概念或者想法过于复杂或沉闷，会带来学习上的困难，空后“This negative experience of education at school may lead to people avoiding learning opportunities in later life.(这种消极的学校教育经历可能会导致人们在以后的生活中避免学习机会。)”描述消极的学习经历会导致人们更不喜欢学习；B选项“If that's the case，we lose motivation and absorb less information.(如果是这样的话，我们就会失去动力，吸收的信息也会减少。)”为消极学习经历产生的结果，符合语境。故选B。 5．G　[解析]此空需承上启下，总结前文。上一段在讲消极的学习经历，空后“Evolution has made us lifelong learners，so take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath.”表示我们应利用与生俱来的生理特点帮助学习；G选项“So，don't let a bad educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult.”是对上文出现的改善消极学习经历的建议，符合此处语境。故选G。 三、语法填空 (2024·湖南常德高三阶段性考试)Pan Shixue，a silversmith(银匠) in Maliao village in Guizhou Province，used to dream of people living 1.__________ abundant life in his village，2.__________ nobody has to work far away from home and customers go for beautiful silver jewellery.Now his dream has come true. Maliao village is famous for its silver jewellery.In fact，Miao silver jewellery 3.__________ (list) as National Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2006.But with cheaper，machine­produced trinkets(小首饰) 4._____________(rule) the market，they couldn't rely on the old technique 5.__________(survive). At that time，most people in the village lived with poverty，which means they could simply afford food and basic clothing，but seldom purchase things like bicycles or televisions.So many villagers left their hometown 6.__________(hope).But in 2019，the government allocated 580，000 yuan of poverty funds to set up the silverware workshop of Maliao village，helping Maliao villagers fight poverty with their own craft. Since that year，most young craftsmen 7.__________(return) to their hometown and found a bright future.8.__________ the help of the government's workshop，they learned the 9._________ (late) fashion trends and how to meet clients' various 10.______________(request).Instead of holding on to old ideas and existing design，villagers enhanced their skills and made their products customized. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了贵州苗族麻料村的银匠潘仕学的梦想和村庄的银饰工艺。 1．an　[解析]考查冠词。句意：潘仕学是贵州省麻料村的银匠，他曾经梦想着在他的村子里人们过着富足的生活，没有人需要在离家很远的地方工作，顾客们都去买漂亮的银饰。现在他的梦想实现了。live a/an ...life是固定短语，意为“过着……的生活”，abundant以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 2．where　[解析]考查定语从句的关系词。句意见上题解析。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词village，关系词将其代入定语从句中作地点状语，意为“在村子里”，用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 3．was listed　[解析]考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：事实上，苗族银饰早在2006年就被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。分析句子结构可知，list(把……列入名单)是句中谓语动词，与主语Miao silver jewellery之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语in 2006，应使用一般过去时，又因主语Miao silver jewellery是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填was listed。 4．ruling　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：但随着更便宜的、机器生产的小饰品统治市场，他们不能再依靠旧的技术来生存。提示词rule(占首要地位)在with复合结构中是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“cheaper，machine­produced trinkets”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填ruling。 5．to survive　[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。“rely on sth.to do ...”是固定搭配，意为“依靠某物来做……”，用不定式作目的状语。故填to survive。 6．hopelessly　[解析]考查副词。句意：因此许多村民绝望地离开了家乡。提示词修饰动词left，用副词hopelessly，意为“无望地”。故填hopelessly。 7．have returned　[解析]考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：从那一年起，大多数年轻的工匠都回到了家乡，找到了美好的未来。分析句子结构可知，return(返回)是句中谓语动词，与主语most young craftsmen之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语Since that year，应使用现在完成时，又因主语most young craftsmen是复数名词，所以谓语动词应使用复数形式。故填have returned。 8．With　[解析]考查介词。句意：在政府工作坊的帮助下，他们了解了最新的时尚趋势，以及如何满足客户的各种要求。with the help of是固定短语，意为“在……的帮助下”。故填With。 9．latest　[解析]考查形容词的比较等级。句意见上题解析。结合句意和空格前定冠词the可知，用形容最高级latest作定语；the latest表示“最新的”。故填latest。 10．requests　[解析]考查名词的数。句意见第8题解析。可数名词request作宾语，且空格前有形容词various修饰，用名词复数。故填requests。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$