第1部分 必修第二册 UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE（课件PPT）-【优化指导】2025年高考英语一轮复习高中总复习·第1轮（北师大版）

UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE 第一部分　教材复习 必修第二册 (2023·浙江1月卷)上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括： 1．活动的过程； 2．收获与感想。 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 Getting to Know the Plants Around Us Last weekend，I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity ❶organized by our Students' Union. 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist，who taught us about the different characteristics and uses of various plant species.We then went on a natural walk ❷in order to observe and collect samples of different plants.Throughout the event，I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes，as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals.I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. Overall，it was a valuable and enriching experience. 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 用左栏加黑的句式完成句子 ①上星期天，我们去拜访了那位受全世界人民尊敬的科学家。 Last Sunday，we paid a visit to the scientist ___________________ all over the world. ②为了成为对社会有用的人，我们必须尽最大努力用知识武装自己。 We must try our best to arm ourselves with knowledge ____________________ ___________________． respected by people in order to be useful persons to society 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 栏目索引 核心考点 突破 运用能力 提高 1 shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信 n．震惊；休克 [拓展]shocked adj.感到震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的 单句语法填空 ①__ my shock，such an attack happened in this building. ②(2023·北京卷)So I was _______(shock) when，not long after the email，Professor Mary Devon，who was running the programme，invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. ③It is ________(shock) that he lost all his possessions in such a short time. 核心考点 突破 shocked To shocking 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 一句多译 ④听说他去世了，我大吃一惊。 →I was shocked _______________________． →I was shocked ____________________． at hearing of his death to hear of his death 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①in shock震惊地 to one's shock令某人震惊的是 ②be shocked by/at ...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do ...因做……而震惊 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 2 escape vi.& vt.逃离；逃避 n．逃跑；逃脱 单句语法填空 ①He escaped ____________(kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work. ②(2023·浙江1月卷)The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped ____ the tree. ③He had _ narrow escape in the big fire. being killed from a 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 应用文单句写作 ④这个淘气的男孩幸运地逃脱了惩罚。 The naughty boy was lucky to ________________________________． escape punishment/being punished 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①escape (doing) sth.逃避(做)某事 escape from从……逃脱，逃离 ②fire escape太平梯；安全梯；安全出口 a narrow escape九死一生；死里逃生 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 3 survive vi.& vt.活下来；幸存 [拓展]survivor n．幸存者survival n．[U]幸存，幸免；[C]残存物 单句语法填空 ①As far as I know，the old lady survived her husband __ 5 years. ②A plane crashed yesterday，and there were no _________(survive). ③Amy's only chance of ________(survive) was a liver transplant. by survivors survival 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 应用文单句写作 ④人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，我们存活下去的唯一方法是与自然和谐相处。 Human life is regarded as part of nature；__________________________ is to live in harmony with nature. the only way for us to survive 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①survive sth.幸免于……；从……中挺过来/活过来 ②survive on依靠……生存 ③A survive B (by ...) A比B活的时间长(……) 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 4 curious adj.好奇的 [拓展]curiously adv.奇怪地；好奇地curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲 单句语法填空 ①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As an artist who shares her journey on social media，I'm often asked by _______(curiosity) followers how to begin an art journey. ②He's curious _______(know) what she said. ③I admired my father，and his work filled me with _________(curious). curious to know curiosity 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 同义句改写 ④He was curious about Australian cities，so he read the book written by Dr. Johnson. →___________________________________________________________.(形容词短语作状语) ⑤The woman in the shop had looked at them curiously. →The woman in the shop had looked at them ______________．(curiosity) Curious about Australian cities，he read the book written by Dr. Johnson with curiosity 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①be curious about对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth.渴望做某事 ②from/out of curiosity出于好奇 meet/satisfy one's curiosity满足某人的好奇心 with curiosity＝curiously奇怪地；好奇地 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 5 equal adj.相等的；相同的 vt.比得上；等于n.同等的人 [拓展]equally adv.平等地；同样地equality n．平等；相等 单句语法填空 ①Any man will be equal __ the task，so long as he is careful.You should give it a try. ②No one equals him __ courage，about which every one knows. ③(2023·北京卷)A few weeks later I was _______ (equal)shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. to in equally 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 一句多译 ④尽管约翰很年轻，但是他却能胜任这项重要的工作。 →Young as he was，John ____________ the important task.(equal) →Although he was young，John ___________ the important task.(fit) →Young as he was，John _________________ the important task.(qualified) was equal to was fit for was qualified for 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①be equal to sth./doing sth.相当于/能胜任…… ②equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth.在(做)某事上比得过/敌得过某人/物 ③be without equal＝have no equal无与伦比 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 6 attempt n．& vt.努力，尝试，企图 [拓展]attempted adj.未遂的 单句语法填空 ①(2023·全国乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting _____________(photograph). ②Williams faces life in prison if convicted of _________(attempt) murder. ③Don't be upset about your failure，because few can succeed __ the first attempt. to photograph attempted at 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 一句多译 ④我试图让她相信他是诚实的，但是徒劳无果。 →I've ___________________________________________ his honesty，but in vain.(attempt n．) →I've ___________________________ his honesty，but in vain.(attempt v．) made an attempt at convincing/to convince her of attempted to convince her of 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事 at the first attempt第一次尝试 in an attempt to do试图做…… 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 7 measure vt.估量，衡量；测量 n．措施；标准 单句语法填空 ①Some villagers reported a huge snake，_________(measure) over two metres long，was found dead in a nearby cave. ②My mother made me a pair of trousers __ my own measure. measuring to 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 一句多译 ③我们是时候采取措施阻止空气被污染了。 →It is high time that we ____________________ to keep the air from being polluted. →It's high time that we ___________ to prevent the air from being polluted. →It's time for us to __________ to stop the air from being polluted. should take measures took action take steps 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①measure ...by ...用……来衡量…… be measured by/in用……来衡量/计算 ②take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事 ③make sth.to one's own measure为某人量身定做某物 当measure表示“量起来有……长/高/宽”时，是不及物动词，没有被动语态。 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 8 protection n．保护；防护 [拓展]protect v．保护protective adj.保护的；防护的 单句语法填空 ①(2023·北京卷)Mangroves can help soften waves and protect cities ____________ coastal winds. ②We should devote ourselves to protecting these animals from ___________(kill). ③(2022·全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road，in order to promote environmental __________(protect). against/from being killed protection 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 一句多译 ④必须采取有效措施保护环境免受污染。 →Effective measures must be taken _____________________________________ ____________．(protect) →Effective measures must be taken ____________________________________ ________________．(prevent/keep/stop) to protect the environment from/against pollution to prevent/keep/stop the environment from being polluted 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①protect ...against/from ...＝prevent/keep/stop ...from ...保护……不受……(危害) ②under protection处于保护之下 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 9 breathe vi.& vt.呼吸 [拓展]breath n．呼出的气breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，(使人)屏息的 单句语法填空 ①It has been proved that in the daytime，plants will breathe __ carbon dioxide and breathe ___ oxygen. ②(2022·全国甲卷)When we paused to catch ___(we) breath，Steve got down on one knee. in out our 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ③Take _ deep breath，and then you may feel relaxed. ④We all held our ______(breathe) while Mr. Evans announced the exam results. 应用文单句写作 ⑤尽管我们(累得)上气不接下气，但是我们看到了美丽的风景。 ____________________，we were rewarded with beautiful scenery. a breath Though out of breath 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①breathe in吸气 breathe out呼气 ②hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 catch one's breath 恢复正常呼吸 lose one's breath 喘不过气来 take a deep breath 深呼吸 out of breath上气不接下气 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 10 anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地 [拓展]anxious adj.不安的；焦虑的 anxiety n．不安；焦虑；渴望 单句语法填空 ①The drought had lasted several months，which made farmers _______(anxiety). ②It's natural for parents to be anxious _____ their children's future.　 ③I heard you suffered from _______(anxious) when you took an exam recently. anxious about anxiety 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 应用文单句写作 ④我们焦急地等待着考试结果，如坐针毡。 We__________________________________________________，as if we had been sitting on pins and needles. waited with anxiety/anxiously for our examination results 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①be anxious for sb./about sth.担心某人/事 be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事 ②with anxiety(＝anxiously) 焦急地 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 11 break down 停止运转，出故障；(谈判、计划等)失败；崩溃；(使)分解；(身体)垮掉 单句语法填空 ①The team wanted to break away ____ UEFA and form its own league. ②We had to break ____ the house as we had lost the key. ③I was still sleeping when the fire broke ___，and then it spread quickly. ④We were having a meeting when suddenly Tom broke __ and said something urgent. from into out in 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 应用文单句写作 ⑤她听到这个消息时崩溃了，但很快就恢复了。 __________________________________________________________ She broke down when she heard the news，but quickly recovered. 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离 break in破门而入；打断(谈话等) break into强行闯入；突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等) break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；突然发生(无被动语态) break up (使)破碎；拆分；结束 break through突破，冲破；取得突破 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 12 run out of用完；耗尽 用run的相关短语填空 ①I _______________ one of my old friends when I was walking in the street the other day. ②Lost in thought，he almost ________ the car in front of him. ③If you _________ two hares，you will catch neither. ④She _______ class president and won in a walk. ran across/into ran into run after ran for 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 同义句改写 ⑤He ran out of his food soon. →His food ________________ soon.　 ran out/gave out 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 run out(＝give out) 用完；耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态) run across与……不期而遇，偶然碰见 run after追逐，追赶；追求 run away逃避；逃跑 run into撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等) run for竞选 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 13 the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ... The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell ... 第一，物体越大，下落越快…… 单句语法填空 ①The more we do for the people，the _______(happy) we will feel. ②I was getting more and more annoyed and of course，the more upset I got，the ____(little) I was able to concentrate. ③The more English you practise，the ______(good) your English will be. happier less better 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 应用文单句写作 ④我真诚地希望你们的报纸会越来越好。 I sincerely hope that your newspaper _________________________． will be better and better 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”意为“越……，就越……”。 ②“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。 ③“the more ...，the less ...”意为“越……，越不……”。 “the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”句式中，第一个“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”是表示条件的状语从句；在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。第二个“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”是主句，用一般将来时。 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 14 have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking. 接下来离开的是奥茨船长，他行走非常困难。 单句语法填空 ①Whenever we have difficulty ____ our study，our teachers help us patiently. with 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ②Besides，students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don't get along with or have difficulty _____________(communicate) with. ③There is some difficulty _____________(understand) spoken English in English speaking countries for me. 应用文单句写作 ④如果你学习英语有困难，你可以向我寻求帮助。 If you _____________________________________，you can turn to me for help. communicating understanding have difficulty (in) learning English 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 ①have much difficulty/trouble/bother(in) doing sth.做某事有很大的困难/麻烦 ②have difficulty/trouble with sth.在某方面有困难/麻烦 ③There is some/no difficulty/trouble(in) doing sth.做某事有一些/没有困难/麻烦。 ④do sth.with/without difficulty/trouble 做某事有/没有困难/麻烦 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 运用能力 提高 Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．conduct vt.实施；进行；执行；表现；带领，引导 vi.& vt.指挥 ①The negotiations have been conducted in a positive manner._______ ②The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.__________ ③He conducted himself far better than expected.________ ④Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting opera in Europe. __________ 进行 带领，引导 表现 指挥 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 2．break down停止运转，出故障；(谈判、计划等)失败；崩溃；(使)分解；(身体)垮掉 ①He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air­conditioning system broke down.__________________ ②The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached._______ ③His health broke down under the pressure of work.______ ④To understand the grammar of the sentence，you must break it down into parts.______ 停止运转，出故障 失败 垮掉 分解 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 ①It was a shame for me to be lectured in front of the whole class.______ ②The emperor conferred(授予) a title on the brave soldier.____________ ③He is seeking a large sum of damages from the airline for personal injury. ______________ 训斥 头衔；称号 损害赔偿金 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 Ⅱ.核心知识巩固练——强化语言知识 (一)词形变化练 1．The ________(erupt) of the volcano makes many people lose their lives. 2．In the winter the place is _______(crowd) with skiers. 3．It is ________(shock) that they involved children in the crime. 4．If cancers are spotted early，there's a high chance of ________(survive). 5．I'm __________(frighten) of walking home alone in the dark. eruption crowded shocking survival frightened 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 6．I hate travelling by air because I get ________(horrible) airsick. 7．The letter wasn't addressed to me so I couldn't open it out of _________(curious). 8．In hospital she'll be under ___________(observe) all the time. 9．The birth of her son was a minor ____________(interrupt) to her career. 10．The pilot studied his instruments _________(anxious). horribly curiosity observation interruption anxiously 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 (二)固定用法练 1．Relief workers were shocked __ what they saw. 2．It is evident that he is not equal __ the job. 3．It is high time that we should take ________(measure) to protect endangered animals. 4．While climbing up the stairs the old man always loses his ______(breathe). 5．Jack still can't help being anxious _____ his job interview. by to measures breath about 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 6．We were driving half when the car broke ____． 7．If your awareness is as sharp as it could be，you'll have no trouble _________(answer) these questions. 8．We took a wrong turn and got ____(loss) in the mountains. 9．The team has been training hard in ___________(prepare) for the big game. 10．Compared ____ the escaped driver，I am proud of what I did. down answering lost preparation with 返回导航 第1轮 英语(配北师版) 必修第二册 谢谢观看！ $$