第十四节 特殊句式-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮复习解决方案全书word（新教材，经典版）

金版教程　高考科学复习解决方案　英语 第十四节 特殊句式 Ⅰ　高考感知 1．(2023·全国甲卷)The western half of the U．S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50，000 or more ________ (live) alongside Native Americans. 答案：living　句意：当欧洲人来到美国时，美国西部到处都是灰熊，大约有5万或更多的灰熊与美洲原住民生活在一起。此处是“with＋复合宾语”结构，live与前面的宾语部分a rough number of 50，000 or more构成主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故填living。 2．(2023·全国乙卷)It's thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign ________ Britons are turning away from meat­and­two­veg and ready­made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. 答案：that　句意：多亏了这些电视厨师而不是任何广告活动，英国人正在远离一荤两素和速成食品，在烹饪习惯上变得更具冒险精神。此处是强调句型“it is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”，被强调部分为thanks to ... campaign。 故填that。 3．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, ________ the book as a focus for relations between the generations. 答案：with　句意：我们看到孩子们在家或在学校学习阅读的场景，书是几代人之间关系的焦点。此处是“with＋复合宾语”结构，介词短语as a focus作宾语补足语。故填with。 4．(2023·全国甲卷)How does Robert sound when ________ (speak) of his being a writer? 答案：speaking　when引导时间状语从句，从句中的主语和主句中的主语相同，都是Robert，且从句中省略了系动词is，将从句补充完整为when Robert is speaking of his being a writer。故填speaking。 5．(2023·全国乙卷)But it was time to take the leap (飞跃), ________ heartbreaking it would be. 答案：however　句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。根据句意及设空后的形容词heartbreaking可知，应用however引导让步状语从句，however意为“无论怎样”。在however引导的让步状语从句中，形容词或副词紧跟在however后面，主谓语语序不变。故填however。 6．(2023·全国乙卷)Not only ________ they look beautiful, but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. 答案：do　not only放在句首，引起句子部分倒装，即将句中的助动词放在主语前。根据but后分句中的谓语动词have shown可知，应用一般现在时，主语they为复数，助动词应用do。故填do。 7．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there ________ (come) the news. 答案：came　副词there放在句首，引起句子全部倒装。设空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语从句中的谓语动词forgot可知，主句应用一般过去时。故填came。 8．(2023·浙江高考1月)It is this ________ distinguishes humans from machines. 答案：that　句意：正是这个把人类和机器区分开来。根据It is和句意可知，句子用了强调句型It is＋被强调部分＋that＋其他，句中被强调部分为this。故填that。 9．(2023·全国甲卷)And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle ________ no label (标签) on it. 答案：with　句意：酒是浑浊的，装在一个有趣的旧瓶子里，上面没有标签。此处是“with＋复合宾语”结构，介词短语on it用作宾语补足语。故填with。 10．(2023·全国乙卷)It is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city ________ (keep) its carefully built system of ring roads. 答案：keeping　句意：这里有着3，000多年的辉煌历史，甚至包括它的布局，城市保持着精心建造的环形道路系统。此处是“with＋复合宾语”结构，动词­ing用作宾语补足语。故填keeping。 Ⅱ　考点梳理 考点一　倒装句 1．全部倒装 用法 示例 副词(up, down, away, here, there, out, in等)或介词短语放句首，如果谓语动词是不及物动词，且主语是名词，用全部倒装。即“副词/介词短语＋不及物动词＋名词”结构。如果主语是代词，则不倒装 ①Here comes a car.来了一辆车。 ②Out rushed the students.学生们冲了出去。 ③On the wall hangs a picture.墙上挂着一幅画。 ④Such is Elbert Einstein, a simple man with great achievements.这就是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，一个质朴而具有巨大成就的人。 ⑤Here he comes.他来了。(主语为代词he，不倒装) 2.部分倒装 用法 示例 否定副词或介词短语(not, hardly, seldom, little, never, in no way, in no case, at no time, on no condition, by no means，under no circumstances, hardly ... when ..., no sooner ... than ..., not only, not until)放句首，用部分倒装 ①Seldom did he come late to school.他上学很少迟到。 ②Hardly had we got to the destination when we began to work.我们一到达目的地，就开始劳动。 ③Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.直到河里的鱼都死了，村民才认识到污染的严重性。 ④Not only should we study science well, but also we should pay attention to politics.我们不仅应该学好科学，还应该关注政治。 only修饰状语(副词、介词短语、状语从句)放在句首时，主句倒装 ①Only then did I realize the importance of what the teacher had said.只是在那时，我才认识到老师教导的重要性。 ②Only in this way can we develop a more harmonious class.只有这样，我们才能构建更和谐的班集体。 ③Only when you use it can you realize the importance of learning English.只有在用到的时候，你才能认识到学习英语的重要性。 so/such ... that句型中，如果so/such短语置于句首，主句倒装 ①So badly was he injured that he was sent to hospital at once.他伤得太严重了，立刻被送往了医院。 ②Such an interesting book is it that almost all of the students enjoy reading it.这本书如此有趣，几乎每个同学都爱看。 在as引导的让步状语从句中，要将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前 ①Child as he is, he enjoys reading a lot.尽管是个孩子，但他很喜欢读书。 ②Strange as it may seem, it is true.尽管很奇怪，这却是真的。 ③Much as she likes, she will not take it.尽管非常喜欢它，她也不会把它拿走。 在however引导的让步状语从句中，形容词或副词紧跟在however后面，而主谓语序不变 ①They can overcome the difficulty, however great it is.无论困难有多大，他们都能克服。 ②However late it is, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.无论时间有多晚，妈妈总是等他一起吃晚餐。 以so, nor, neither开头的句子中，如果前面的句子是肯定句，用“So＋助动词＋主语”；如果前面是否定句，用“Nor/Neither＋助动词＋主语”。助动词的选用根据前面句子的谓语和句中的主语来定 ①My sister is a teacher. So am I．我的姐姐是教师。我也是。 ②You can speak English. So can my deskmate.你会讲英语。我的同桌也会。 ③I bought a storybook yesterday. So did Li Hua.昨天我买了一本故事书。李华也是。 ④He didn't go to school this morning. Neither did I．他今天上午没去上学。我也没去。 考点二　强调句型 用法 示例 It is/was＋被强调部分＋that(指人时也可用who) It is not our abilities but our choices that show what we truly are.决定我们成为什么样人的不是我们的能力，而是我们的选择。 what引导的主语从句也可以用来表示强调 What impressed me most was when we climbed the escape wall.让我最难忘的是我们一起爬逃生墙的时刻。 强调动词用“do/does/did＋动词原形” He does speak English well.他英语的确讲得好。 考点三　省略句 1．简单句中的省略 ①省略主语 ②省略主谓关系结构 ③省略“谓语＋宾语”或“系动词＋表语” ④省略名词词组中的中心词 ①Sounds like a good idea.听起来是个好主意。 ②Sorry to hear that.听到这个很难过。 ③—What is in the next room? 谁在隔壁屋里？ —Nobody (is in the next room)．没人。 ④I'm going to the barber's (shop)．我打算去理发店。 2.并列句中的省略 ①省略系动词或省略“主语＋系动词” ②省略谓语 ③省略“主要动词＋宾语” ①Some books are to be tasted, others (are) to be swallowed and some few (are) to be chewed and digested.有一些书浅尝即可，有一些可囫囵吞枣，还有一些应该慢慢咀嚼消化。 ②They learn French and we (learn) English.他们学法语，我们学英语。 ③Children like cartoon, but the adults don't (like it)．孩子们喜欢动画片，而成年人不喜欢。 3.定语从句中的省略 ①当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略 ②先行词way表示“方式”时，从句中可以用that或in which，且都可以省略 ③定语从句中可以省略关系代词和be动词，如果是主动，用­ing形式；被动用done ①The problem (that/which) you mentioned at the meeting is difficult to solve.你在会上提到的问题很难解决。 ②I don't like the way (that/in which) he talks.我不喜欢他说话的方式。 ③Do you know the man (who is) standing at the gate？你认识站在门口的那个人吗？ 4.名词性从句中的省略 如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句或上文的谓语部分相同，可将从句部分的谓语省略 We will do what we can (do) to help you.我们将尽力帮助你。 5.动词不定式的省略 在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to Don't tell me the name of the sailor if you don't want to (tell)．如果不愿意，就不要告诉我水手的名字。 tell, warn, order, advise, ask等动词的宾语后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，可以省略to后面的动词原形 He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to (swim)．他想游过河，但我警告他不要那么做。 考点四　“with＋复合宾语”结构 结构 示例 ①with＋名词/代词＋介词短语 ②with＋名词/代词＋形容词 ③with＋名词/代词＋副词 ④with＋名词/代词＋名词 ⑤with＋名词/代词＋现在分词 ⑥with＋名词/代词＋过去分词 ⑦with＋名词/代词＋不定式 ①With Father's Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank to buy presents for my dad.父亲节快到了，我从银行取出一些钱给父亲买礼物。 ②The man raised his head with eyes full of wonder and mystery.这人抬起头来，眼里充满好奇。 ③He put on his socks with the wrong side out.他把袜子穿反了。 ④He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl.他去世的时候，女儿还是个中学生。 ⑤She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her.她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。 ⑥“I think we can leave with our heads held high，” Erik said.“我认为我们可以高昂着头离开，”艾瑞克说。 ⑦With 10 minutes to go, you'd better hurry.还有十分钟，你最好快一点。 　独立主格结构在教材中未做重点讲解，但实际中也偶有考查，需多加注意。Ⅲ　难点突破 一、试题难点 部分倒装与全部倒装的语序 部分倒装用的是疑问句的语序，而全部倒装把全部谓语动词置于主语前面。 not only开头与not until开头时的倒装。 二、解题策略 策略1　首先判断是部分倒装，还是全部倒装 (1)全部倒装是表示方位的副词或者介词短语置于句首，同时谓语动词是不及物动词，主语是名词(如果主语是代词时，不倒装)。如：Here he comes.他来了。 (2)部分倒装用于所规定的场合，记住使用部分倒装的情况即可。但是，在部分倒装中，即使主语是代词，仍要倒装。如：So cold was it outside that we all hurried home.外面如此寒冷，我们都赶紧回家了。 策略2　区分not only开头与not until开头时哪一部分是主句 not only所在的句子是主句，而not until所在的句子是从句。倒装部分都出现在主句部分。如：Not only did I learn a lot from the farmers, but I also enjoyed myself.我不仅从农民那里学到了很多，同时玩得很开心。Not until I came back did I find I had left my bag in the classroom.直到回来我才发现我把书包忘在教室了。 Ⅳ　对点演练 维度一　单句语法填空 1．(2024·广东省六校高三第一次联考)Never in my wildest dream ________ I imagine that I was indeed assigned the intern job to act on a school life show and my first public appearance on TV was in five days. 答案：did　句意：我做梦也没有想到我真的被分配了实习工作，在学校生活节目中表演，并且五天后第一次在电视上公开露面。否定副词Never置于句首，主句用部分倒装。根据后文的was可知，该句用的是一般过去时。故填did。 2．(2023·江苏省高三统考二模)During a given performance, drummers perform various dance moves while ________ (hold) the drum in their left hands and a mallet in their right hands. 答案：holding　此处为while引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句补充完整为“while they are holding the drum in their left hands and a mallet in their right hands”，此处省略了they are。故填holding。 3．(2024·吉林省Best友好联合体高三检测)Not only ________ we learn how to prepare classic dishes, but we also got a glimpse into the passion and artistry that goes into French cuisine. 答案：did　句意：我们不仅学会了如何准备经典的菜肴，而且我们还得以一窥法国烹饪中的激情和艺术技巧。由but分句中的“got”可知，此处表示过去的动作。Not only置于句首，句子用部分倒装。故填did。 4．(2024·云南省昆明市高三质检)Never ________ it be looked down upon. 答案：should　句意：永远不应该小看它。否定副词置于句首，句子用部分倒装。主语后用的是动词原形be，此处需要用情态动词。根据句意，应用should，表示“应该”。故填should。 5．(2024·江西省稳派上进名校联盟高三检测)Here ________ (be) some strategies that we can use to get wiser. 答案：are　句意：这里有一些策略可以让我们变得更聪明。副词Here放在句首引起句子全部倒装，主语是some strategies，为复数。故填are。 6．(2024·云南省三校高三第二次联考)To solve such habitat problems, China has recently recognized 1，140 sites as important breeding, wintering grounds, and migratory stops, ________ most of them located in wetlands. 答案：with　句意：为了解决这些栖息地问题，中国最近确认了1，140个重要的繁殖地、越冬地和迁徙中转站，其中大部分位于湿地。此处是“with＋复合宾语”结构，过去分词located作宾语补足语。故填with。 7．(2024·贵州省部分重点高中高三检测)If I had a chance to join the club, I would set up a group for those ________ (interest) in writing with a Chinese brush and practice it together. 答案：interested　句意：如果我有机会加入这个俱乐部，我会为那些对用毛笔写字感兴趣的人成立一个小组，一起练习。此处相当于“who are interested in ... ”，是定语从句的省略。故填interested。 8．(2023·河南省开封市高三二模)It was not until 2007 ________ the first FRB was discovered by humans. 答案：that　此处考查 not until 的强调句：It is/was not until ... that＋其他，被强调部分是not until 2007。故填that。 9．(2024·北京市房山区高三期末检测)The winners of the 2023 Hugo Awards were announced on Saturday night, with Chinese author Hai Ya ________ (take) home the Best Novelette award for “The Space­Time Painter”． 答案：taking　句意：周六晚上，2023年雨果奖的获奖者揭晓，中国作家海漄凭借《时空画家》获得最佳中篇小说奖。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，Hai Ya与take之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故填taking。 10．(2024·广东省部分学校高三联考)With three pairs of eyes ________ (focus) on me, I was forced to speak. 答案：focused　句意：三双眼睛盯着我，我不得不说话。此处是“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构。eyes和focus on之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填focused。 维度二　语法填空 (2024·四川省成都市高三适应性模拟)Singing is one of those universal actions that everyone can do for fun, regardless of how they sound. According to recent studies __1__ (conduct) at Goethe University Frankfurt, singing can be actually helpful to your immune system. The study focused __2__ a group of people who sang in a professional choir and discovered that the amount of proteins in the blood that function as antibodies (抗体) was __3__ (obvious) higher after singing, so people involved in music could be less likely __4__ (get) sick. Singing actually is the perfect physical exercise for people who are injured, disabled or elderly. Not only __5__ (do) singing help increase your lung capacity, but it helps stimulate circulation. This can lead to better results when people hit the gym thanks to the person's increased aerobic (有氧的) capacity and newfound physical or mental strength. The simple truth is that singing makes you happy. It releases endorphins (内啡肽), a chemical __6__ reduces pain and makes you feel __7__ (happy) and less stressed. People who sing, especially in choirs and on the stage are known to have better social skills and be less lonely. __8__ (stand) on the stage and performing can be tough, __9__ when you do it in a group, it can help improve your sense of self as well as increase your __10__ (confident)． 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了唱歌可以给人带来非常多的益处，并进行了具体说明。 1．conducted　考查非谓语动词。动词conduct与名词studies为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填conducted。 2．on/upon　考查介词。focus on/upon “集中于，关注”，为固定短语。故填on/upon。 3．obviously　考查词性转换。设空处在句中作状语，修饰形容词higher，应用副词obviously。故填obviously。 4．to get　考查非谓语动词。固定短语：be likely to do sth “可能做某事”。故填to get。 5．does　考查倒装句型。句意：唱歌不仅有助于增加肺活量，还有助于促进血液循环。本句是由not only置于句首引起的部分倒装句，设空处应用助动词，其主语singing为第三人称单数，结合but分句中的helps可知，时态为一般现在时。故填does。 6．which/that　考查定语从句的引导词。句意：它会释放内啡肽，这是一种减少疼痛的化学物质，让你感觉更快乐，压力更小。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为a chemical，指物，在从句中作主语。故填which/that。 7．happier　考查形容词的比较级。根据句中“and less stressed”可知，设空处用比较级happier，与less stressed并列作表语。故填happier。 8．Standing　考查非谓语动词。句意：站在舞台上表演可能会很艰难，但当你在一群人中间表演时，它可以帮助你提高自我意识，增加你的自信。根据句中“and performing”可知，设空处用动名词standing与performing并列作句子的主语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Standing。 9．but　考查连词。设空前讲述站在舞台上表演有困难，设空后提到了唱歌的好处，前后文为转折关系。故填but。 10．confidence　考查词性转换。设空处在句中作宾语，结合设空前的your可知，此处用名词confidence，为不可数名词。故填confidence。 维度三　完成句子 1．(2024·湖南省岳阳市高三检测)在我的一生中，从来没有像现在这样坚信诚实为上策。 →Never before in my life ________________________ honesty is the best policy. 答案：had I so firmly believed 2．(2024·湖南省长沙市高三检测)如果可能的话，欢迎你在音乐节上表演，这将是一次很棒的体验。 →____________， you are welcome to perform in the festival, which will be a great experience. 答案：If possible 3. (2024·北京市石景山高三期末考试)随着羽绒服价格的上涨，棉衣在今年冬天卷土重来，席卷了中国北方的不少大学校园。 →____________________________， cotton coats have made a major comeback this winter and stormed quite a few college campuses in Northern China. 答案：With the price of down jackets increasing 4．(2024·山西省新希望等名校高三联考)我不仅晚上能睡得更好，而且白天也更精力充沛。 →____________________________， but I was also more energetic during the day. 答案：Not only could I sleep better at night 5．(2024·贵州省贵阳市高三检测)就是这次很棒的体验拓宽了我们的视野，提高了我们的学习能力。 →____________ a great experience ________ broadened our horizons and enhanced our learning ability. 答案：It was; that 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$