必修第三册 Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES-【金版教程】2025年高考英语一轮复习解决方案全书word（新教材，经典版）

金版教程 高考科学复习解决方案 英语 一　词汇过关测＋练 1．illustrate　前缀il­表示进入；词根lustr 光，发光；­ate是动词后缀 →让光线进入，让人豁然开朗，恍然大悟的感觉；引申为(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图 2．export　ex­ 向外，出去；port港口→即出港；引申为出口；出口商品；输出；传播 3．reject　re­ 往回；­ject扔，投射→别人给你扔了一个东西，你用力扔回去，这是一种拒绝的方式；引申为拒绝接受；不录用 4．elect　e­出，向外；­lect 选择，收集 →选出来的；引申为选举；推选 5．replace　re­ 再，重新；place 放置→重新放置；引申为接替；取代；更换 1．moral adj. 道德的；道义上的　n. 品行；道德；寓意 2．virtue n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 3．dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困境 4．might n. 力量；威力 5．precious adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的 6．tear n. 眼泪；泪水 7．passive adj. 被动的；顺从的 8．elsewhere adv. 在别处；去别处 9．scholarship n. 奖学金 10．hire vt. 聘任；雇用；租用　n. 租借；租用 11．colleague n. 同事；同僚 12．clinic n. 诊所；门诊部 13．fee n. 专业服务费；报酬 14．whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语　n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传 15．faraway adj. 遥远的 16．per prep. 每；每一 17．decade n. 十年；十年期 18．publish vt. 发表(作品)；出版 19．staff n. 员工；全体职员 20．midnight n. 子夜；午夜 21．principle n. 道德原则；法则；原则 22．pole n. (行星的)极；地极 23．bite vt.& vi. 咬；叮；蜇　n. 咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤 24．therefore adv. 因此；所以 25．chain n. 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条 26．court n. (网球等的)球场；法院；法庭 27．despair n. 绝望　vi. 绝望，感到无望 28．chairman n. 主席；主持人；董事长 29．income n. 收入；收益 30．memory n. 记忆力；回忆 1．Helping others is always considered as a sort of traditional Chinese virtue (美德)．(传统文化) 2．(2022·全国乙卷)Therefore (因此), students should spare more time for English reading rather than watching movies or listening to music too much. 3．With burning excitement, I am writing this application in the hope that I may obtain this precious (宝贵的) opportunity.(应用文写作之申请信) 4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)He sniffled quietly, tears (眼泪) threatening to spill from his eyes.(读后续写之神态描写) 5．They sat at the back of the room, talking in whisper (低语)． 6．My parents lived in a small faraway (遥远的) village in the north. 7．The culture of native people is unique to this region and can not be found elsewhere (在别处)． 8．In the past decade (十年), the government has done its part in environmental conservation. 9．He wrote many children's books, nearly half of which were published (出版) in the 1990s. 10．All the details of the meeting are fresh in my memory (回忆). 1．marriage n. 结婚；婚姻→marry v. (和某人)结婚；嫁；娶 2．majority n. 大部分；大多数→major adj. 主要的　vi. 主修　n. 主修课程，专业 3．complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n. 抱怨；投诉 4．respond vt. 回答；回复　vi. 做出反应；回应→response n. 反应；回答；回复 5．reject vt. 拒绝接受；不录用→rejection n. 拒绝接受；否决 6．appoint vt. 任命；委派→appointment n. 约会；约定；任命；委任→appointed adj. 约定的；指定的 7．elect vt. 选举；推选→election n. 选举；推选；当选 8．tend vt. 照顾；照料　vi. 倾向；趋于→tendency n. 趋势；趋向 9．retire vi.& vt. 退休；退职；退出→retirement n. 退休→retired adj. 退休的 10．scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕　vi. 受惊吓→scary adj. 令人恐惧的 11．sharp adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的；敏锐的；尖锐的；犀利的；突然转向的→sharply adv. 急剧地；严厉地；锋利地；明显地→sharpen vt. 削尖；磨快；使提高 12．energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的→energy n. 精力；活力；能量 13．accident n. 事故；车祸；失事→accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的→accidentally adv. 意外地；偶然地 14．operation n. 手术；企业；经营→operate vt.& vi. 做手术；经营；操作；运转→operator n. 操作员；话务员；经营者 15．assist vt. 帮助；援助→assistant n. 助理；助手→assistance n. 帮助；援助 16．harm n．& vt. 伤害；损害→harmful adj. 有害的→harmfully adv. 有害地→harmless adj. 无害的；无恶意的 17．flexible adj. 灵活的；可变通的→flexibly adv. 灵活地；有弹性地→flexibility n. 灵活性；弹性 18．tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；焦虑→tense adj. 紧张的；担心的；令人紧张的 19．saving n. 节省物；节省；节约　[pl.] 储蓄金；存款→save vt. 救；节省；储蓄 20．replace vt. 接替；取代；更换→replacement n. 替换；更换；接替者，替代者 1．The boy is always energetic. I'm curious to know where his energy comes from. (energy) 2．Eating too much every day is harmful to our health; that is to say, eating too much every day does harm to our health.(harm) 3．The resident physician often complains about his working conditions and I'm tired of his complaints．(complain) 4．Seeing the scary wolf, children were very scared,__but some adults managed to scare the beast off.(scare) 5．Doctors operated on the injured person immediately and the operation was very successful.(operate) 6．My suggestion got rejected and the rejection made me in low spirits for a long time. (reject) 7．When he needed someone to assist him, his assistant came to his assistance．(assist) 8．Mary and I had appointed to meet at the shopping center, but she failed to keep the appointment,__so I was very angry.(appoint) 1 illustrate [熟义]　v. (举例)说明；阐明 [生义]　v. 给(书或文章)加插图 Over a hundred pictures and photos illustrate the book. 有一百多幅图片和照片给这本书加插图。 2 respond [熟义]　v. 回答；答复；回应 [生义]　v. 响应；做出反应 Knowing basic first­aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. 懂得基本的急救技能将有助于你对紧急情况迅速做出反应。 3 tend [熟义]　v. 倾向；趋于 [生义]　v. 照顾；照料；护理；照看 I would like to tend (to) the store for you while you're away. 你不在时我愿意替你照看店铺。 4 principle [熟义]　n. 原则；法则；道德原则 [生义]　n. 工作原理；自然定律 These machines both work on the same principle. 这两台机器的工作原理是相同的。 5 operation [熟义]　n. 手术 [生义]　n. 操作；运行；企业；经营 ①There are three lifts in operation. 有三部电梯在运行。 ②You must read the operation instructions before using this machine. 在使用这台机器之前你必须阅读操作说明书。 ③We run a commercially oriented operation. 我们经营一个商业性的企业。 6 tear [熟义]　n. 眼泪；泪水 [生义]　v. 撕破；撕碎 ①Jack tore the package open. 杰克把包裹撕开。 ②When we tear one page from the calendar, it means our life has been shortened by one day. 每当我们从日历上撕下一页，就意味着我们的生命减少一天。 7 flexible [熟义]　adj. 易弯曲的；柔韧的 [生义]　adj. 可变通的；灵活的；有弹性的 ①When asked about their work schedules, many people preferred more flexible working hours. 当被问及工作时间安排时，许多人更喜欢弹性的工作时间。 ②Good job candidates must show a flexible approach to problems. 优秀的求职人员必须具备灵活处理问题的能力。 小积累 　　 1.各种“说” ①insist v. 坚持说 ②joke v. 开玩笑 ③add v. 继续说 ④complain v. 抱怨 ⑤whisper v. 低声说 ⑥murmur v. 低语，轻声地说 2．考虑“费用” ①fare 车费 ②expense 花费 ③charge 费用；价钱 ④fine 罚款 ⑤fee 费用；酬金 ⑥tip 小费 3．“in＋抽象名词”短语 ①in danger 处于危险之中 ②in silence 沉默地 ③in surprise/shock 吃惊地 ④in peace 平静地 二　语块过关测＋练 1．pass__away 去世 2．trip__over 被……绊倒 3．carry__sb__through__sth 帮助某人渡过难关 4．tend__to__do__sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事；倾向于做某事 5．complain__about 抱怨 6．in__tears 流着泪；含着泪 7．in__despair 处于绝望中；绝望地 8．a__great__deal__(of) 大量 9．in__memory__of 作为对……的纪念，为了纪念…… 10．by__accident 偶然 11．cause/do__harm__to 对……有害 12．respond__with__a__smile 报以微笑 1．Tom was__tripped__over someone's foot in the darkened cinema and almost fell. 2．Despite the failure of the test, she believed her determination and hard work would carry her through tough times. 3．The Dragon Boat Festival is held every year in__memory__of Qu Yuan, one of the greatest poets of ancient times. 4．The moment he caught sight of his mother, the little boy stood there, looking at his mother in__tears/in__despair. 5．At the age of 98, the great Chinese scientist passed__away,__which was a great loss to our country. 6．Thanks to papermaking and printing, a__great__deal__of ancient information has been kept in books. 三　句式迁移练 1．“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义 【教材原句】To a person nothing is more precious than their life, ... [P16] 对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了，…… 【语境体悟】It's recognised that nothing is more important than clean water and green hills. 人们认为没有什么比绿水青山更重要了。 【迁移创新】Not only did this experience boost my confidence, but it also served as a reminder to me that nothing__is__more__important__than a willing heart with determination and devotion. 这段经历不仅增强了我的信心，而且提醒我，没有什么比一颗有决心和奉献精神的心更重要了。 2．the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth 【教材原句】 She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB­GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.[P16] 她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。 【语境体悟】Over 50，000 spectators burst into cheers as Xi announced the opening of the Hangzhou Games, making the Zhejiang provincial capital the third Chinese city to host the continental sporting gala, following Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010. 习主席宣布杭州亚运会开幕时，50，000多名观众爆发出欢呼声，这意味着浙江省省会成为继1990年北京和2010年广州之后，第三个举办亚运会的中国城市。 【迁移创新】In the race, Jim was the__first__runner__to__reach the finishing line. 在比赛中，吉姆是第一个到达终点的赛跑者。 3．独立主格结构 【教材原句】 After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head. [P20] 过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。 【语境体悟】It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 meters. 那儿的湿度很大，所以树都很高，一些高达90多米。 【迁移创新】Thousands__of__eyes__fixed__upon__him,__the speaker felt so nervous that his teeth started to chatter. 成千上万的目光注视着他，演讲者感到非常紧张，牙齿开始打颤。 Ⅰ 忆课文·语篇理解 MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES As Dr Lin Qiaozhi said, “To a person nothing is __1__ (precious) than their life ...” which gives us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and __2__ carried her through a life of hard choices. At age 18, she chose to study medicine instead of following the traditional path of __3__ (marry) like the majority of girls. At age 26, she was hired as __4__ resident physician __5__ (immediate) after she graduated. Within six months, she was assigned to a higher position __6__ usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years, she was sent to study abroad, where she __7__ (reject) the offer from her foreign colleagues. In 1941, she became the first Chinese woman ever __8__ (appoint) director of the OB－GYN department, but later, the department was closed because of the war. So she opened a private clinic to help the people in need and charged very low __9__ (fee) and often reduced costs for poor patients. Lin Qiaozhi was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， __10__ (deliver) over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1.more precious　2.what　3.marriage　4.a　5.immediately　6.that/which　7.rejected　8.to be appointed　9.fees　10.having delivered Once upon a time, there was a king __1__ wanted to educate his people not to complain and expect others __2__ (solve) their problems. A good idea occurred to him. Early one morning, he __3__ (disguise) himself and went to a local village. He placed a large stone in the middle of the street and hid gold coins under the stone. Then he hid behind a tree and watched. A milkman crashed into the stone, __4__ (spill) the milk everywhere. But he picked __5__ (he) up and went away angrily. After a while, a group of women came along. One woman tripped over the stone，who limped away in __6__ (tear). But none of the women thought about moving the stone out of the road. Finding nobody making __7__ attempt to move it, the king was in despair. Just then, a girl came along and after a great deal of effort, she __8__ (final) succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. To her surprise, she saw the gold coins __9__ the stone had been. The king told the girl that the gold belonged __10__ her. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1.who/that　2.to solve　3.disguised　4.spilling　5.himself　6.tears　7.an　8.finally　9.where 10．to Ⅱ 学思悟·重点突破 1 dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困境 【知识归纳】 be trapped/stuck/caught in a dilemma 进退两难 be on the horns of a dilemma 进退两难 face a dilemma 面临左右为难的困境 moral dilemma 道德困境 【名师点津】“纠结”的多样化表达： ①it's a Catch­22 situation ②be in two minds whether or not to do sth ③facing the dilemma, sb had no idea about what to do/was at a loss what to do ④be trapped/stuck/caught in a dilemma ⑤be torn between doing A and doing B ⑥be on the horns of a dilemma 【语用点拨】 dilemma在读后续写中应用很广泛，主要描写主人公纠结的心理状态。 【语境运用】完成句子 ①我僵在那里，从未想过会陷入这样的困境，以至于我陷入了巨大的尴尬和恐慌当中。 Standing frozen as ice, never had I thought about being__trapped__in__such__a__dilemma that I was flooded with overwhelming awkwardness and panic. ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·大卫的奔跑)In front of me was his drooping head with his eyes fixed on the floor. Seeing this, I knew David was__trapped/stuck/caught__in__a__dilemma (进退两难). 2 complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚(☞complaint n. 抱怨；投诉) 【知识归纳】 (1)complain (to sb) of/about (doing) sth (向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某人)发牢骚 complain that ... 抱怨…… (2)make a complaint about sth 抱怨/投诉某事 【语用点拨】 在投诉信中，会经常使用complain about, make a complaint about; 在读后续写中，complain/complaint多用于表达不满的情绪描写。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/一句多译 ①One day Jake came home from school and complained (complain) as usual. ②(2024·深圳二模)When I realized complaining (complain) made no sense, I adjusted my learning methods and turned to the teacher whenever I encountered difficult problems. ③我写信是为了投诉我从你们网站上买的夹克。我很遗憾地说它出了一些问题。(应用文写作之投诉信) I'm writing to complain__about the jacket which I bought from your website. I regret to say that there's something wrong with it.(complain) ＝I'm writing to make__a__complaint__about the jacket which I bought from your website. I regret to say that there's something wrong with it.(complaint) 3 respond vt. 回答；回复　vi. 做出反应；回应 (☞response n. 反应；回答；回复) 【知识归纳】 (1)respond adv./with＋情感n./in a ... voice/tone 回复/回答道 respond that 回复…… respond to 对……做出反应 (2)give a(n) active/positive/favorable response to 对……积极响应 gain/receive a(n) active/positive/favorable response from sb 收到某人的积极响应 in response to 回应/响应…… 【语用点拨】 (1)在应用文写作中，活动原因可以用in response to “为了响应……”；活动的作用和意义可以用give a(n) active/positive/favorable response to “对……积极响应”或gain/receive a(n) active/positive/favorable response from sb “收到某人的积极响应”。 (2)在读后续写中，respond用于回答，可以加adv./with＋n./in a ... voice/tone来进行细节描写。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子/翻译 ①Knowing basic first­aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. ②(2024·浙江强基联盟)为了回应您对我校每年举办的步行者活动的询问，我写信来详细说明一些细节。(应用文写作之介绍信) In__response__to__your__inquiry about the Trail­walker Activity held annually by my school, I'm writing to elaborate on (详细说明) some details. ③She opened her little pink purse and pulled out a five­dollar bill. “Oh, good. I'll pay you back when we get home，” I responded__with__a__sigh__of__relief (如释重负地回答道). ④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)This happened some of the time, but it wasn't the dominant response. 这种情况有时会发生，但并不是主要的反应。 4 tend vt. 照顾；照料　vi. 倾向；趋于(☞tendency n. 趋势；趋向) 【知识归纳】 (1)tend to do sth 往往会/易于做某事 tend (to) sb/sth 照料/照管某人/物 (2)have a tendency to/towards 有……的倾向 【语境运用】单句语法填空 ①While I hate to admit it, people always tend to__judge (judge) a person by his or her appearance initially. ②As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a tendency (tend) to get anxious with time going by. 5 replace vt. 接替； 取代； 更换 (☞replacement n. 替换；更换) 【知识归纳】 (1)replace ... with/by ... 用……替换…… be replaced by 被……替换/取代 (2)take the place of＝take one's place＝in place of 代替 【名师点津】情绪转变表达： ①情感A swept away 情感B ②情感B gave way to 情感A 【语用点拨】 replace在读后续写中经常用于表示情绪的转变，比如情感A replaced 情感B或情感B was replaced by 情感A。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2022·全国乙卷)Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycles. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high­quality leisure to__replace__the__time__most__now (以取代现在大部分时间) spent on mindless device use. ③一种力量立刻取代了简脑海中不断增加的恐惧和焦虑。 A__sense__of__strength__immediately__replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Jane's mind. 6 whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语　n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传 【知识归纳】 (1)whisper sth to sb/in/into one's ear 向某人/在某人耳边低声说某事 whisper to sb that ... 轻声对某人说…… (2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地；耳语地 【语用点拨】 whisper在读后续写中被广泛使用，是说话的一种方式，表示“悄声说；耳语；低语”。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Wearing a radiant smile, Edun approached Mom and hugged her, whispering (whisper), “Mom, thank you for everything you have done for me.” ②Emily abruptly covered her wide­opened mouth, feeling as if her heart would jump out, but whispers (whisper) around her pulled her back to earth. ③All students were__whispering (窃窃私语) with curiosity about the graffiti (涂鸦). 7 tear n. 眼泪；泪水　vt. 撕破 (tore, torn; tearing) 【知识归纳】 (1)in tears 流着泪；含着泪 burst into tears 突然大哭起来 fight back/hold back/contain one's tears 强忍住泪水 be reduced to tears by ... 被……弄哭了 (2)tear sb/sth apart 彻底毁灭；彻底打败；严厉批评 tear sth down 推倒/拆毁(建筑物) tear sth up 把(纸/布)撕碎 【名师点津】“哭”的多样性表达： ①哭的动词：cry 大哭；weep 伤心地哭；sob 抽噎着哭 ②哭的状态：in tears; be filled with tears; be wet with tears ③哭的动作：主语人：shed tears; burst into tears; hold back/fight back/choke back one's tears; be brought to tears; be reduced to tears; cry one's eyes out 主语眼泪：tears roll/stream/flow/pour/slide/course down one's cheeks (like a broken string of beads); tears well up/surge out/pool/circle in one's eyes; tears mist/cloud/blur one's eyes/vision; tears begin to gather/form in one's eyes; tears escape from one's eyes ④快哭了：on the verge/edge of tears; be near to tears; be close to tears 【语用点拨】 tear在读后续写中应用很广泛，表示悲伤的情绪细节描写，都可以使用：in tears “流着泪；含着泪”；burst into tears “突然大哭”；fight back/hold back/contain one's tears “强忍住泪水”；be reduced to tears by “被……弄哭了”等。 【语境运用】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Seeing her so upset really tore him apart． ②满腔的愤怒和失望在心中爆发，我最后哭了起来。 With all the anger and disappointment exploding in my heart, I finally__burst__into__tears/was __finally__reduced__to__tears． ③小男孩一看到母亲，就站在那里，泪流满面。 The moment he caught sight of his mother, the little boy stood there, tears__streaming__down __his__cheeks．(独立主格) 8 harm n．& vt. 伤害；损害(☞harmful adj. 有害的 ☞harmfully adv. 有害地☞harmless adj. 无害的；无恶意的) 【知识归纳】 (1)harm one's health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉 (2)do/cause harm to sb/sth＝do/cause sb/sth harm 对某人/某物造成损害/伤害 (3)be harmful to ... ＝be of harm to ... 对……有害 【语用点拨】 在应用文写作中，可以结合环保类、健康类主题语境灵活使用上述知识归纳中的用法表示“对……有害”。 【语境运用】完成句子/一句多译 ①我用手捂住电话，低声说我没有恶意。(读后续写之动作和语言描写) I cupped my hand over the phone, whispering I meant/intended__no__harm． ②长时间盯着屏幕对我们的眼睛有害。更糟糕的是，我们没有太多机会与老师和同学互动。 Staring at the screen for a long time is__harmful__to__our__eyes. Worse still, we don't have many opportunities to interact with our teachers and classmates. (harmful) ＝Staring at the screen for a long time does/causes__harm__to__our__eyes. Worse still, we don't have many opportunities to interact with our teachers and classmates. (harm n．) ＝Staring at the screen for a long time is__of__harm__to__our__eyes. Worse still, we don't have many opportunities to interact with our teachers and classmates. (of harm n．) 9 独立主格结构 【知识归纳】 (1)用法：独立主格结构在句中作状语，修饰谓语或整个句子，可置于句首、句中或句尾，用逗号与主句隔开。表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的或结果等。 (2)结构： 名词/代词＋doing (主动/进行) 名词/代词＋done (被动/完成) 名词/代词＋to do (未发生的动作) 名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语 【语用点拨】 独立主格结构在读后续写中广泛使用，是写作中的高级表达结构之一，能显示语用能力以及吸引眼球。 【语境运用】完成句子 ①我哥哥向我走来，他的眼睛里满是担心。 My brother made his way to me, his eyes filled__with__concern． ②夜幕降临，他们支起帐篷，快速地吃了个便饭。 The__night__falling,__they put up a tent and wolfed down a simplified dinner. ③他涨红了脸，心脏怦怦直跳，跳起来，扯着嗓门喊。 Blood__rushing__to__his__face and heart palpitating fiercely, he leapt to his feet and yelled at the top of his voice. Ⅲ　语基过关检测 维度一　单句语法填空 1．(2024·九省联考)Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses (respond) from a bird. 2．A recent survey suggests that the majority (major) of students tend to learn English by listening to English songs. (语言学习方式) 3．I have something urgent to handle and therefore, I have to cancel the appointment (appoint) with you, and I will appoint my brother to__pick (pick) you up at the airport. 4．When we are feeling happy we tend to__think (think) about the future in a positive way. 5．The moment my father arrived home, I bowed my head timidly and was scared (scare) to look up at his cloudy face. 6．Their main complaint (complain) is that the prices of a wide range of goods have risen sharply in the past days. 7．It is generally believed that teachers will never be__replaced (replace) by computers in class. 8．The more exercise you do, the more__energetic (energetic) you will become. 9．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷·爱心爆米花)Hearing their plan, Bernard jumped for joy, tears (tear) of happiness and gratitude welling up in his eyes. 10．The students seemed to expect another boring and dull English lesson, some dropping (drop) their eyes and some whispering (whisper) in the back rows. 维度二　语篇练习 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 One of my favourite teachers is Mr Qiu, who is so kind and ①energetic (energy). The past years ②have__seen__what__he__has__done__for__us (见证了他为我们做的一切). He often tells us that ③kindness is the most precious for a person (用“否定词＋形容词比较级”升级：nothing__is__more__precious__than__kindness__for__a__person). We can't agree with him ④more (much). He is always the first ⑤to__assist (assist) us to settle our troubles, for which we all admire him ⑥a lot (升级本单元词汇：a__great__deal). Not only is he ready to help others, but he even devotes a lot of his spare time ⑦to his work. He has tried his best to ⑧carry__us__through (帮我们渡过难关) whenever we are in need. Without his ⑨assistance (assist), we couldn't make such great progress. Ⅳ 读写用·素养提升 维度一　一词多义/熟词生义 (一)根据语境选出加黑词sharp的含义 A．adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的　B．adj. 锋利的　C．adj. 突然转向的　D．adj. 敏锐的　E．adj. 尖锐的；犀利的 1．(2020·浙江高考)He exposed his sharp teeth, glaring at us as he ran forward. ________ 2．(2020·浙江高考)Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age. ________ 3．Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town. ________ 4．The car made a sharp turn to the left.________ 5．The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. ________ 答案：1.B　2.D　3.A　4.C　5.E (二)根据语境写出加黑词的含义 1．(2022·全国乙卷)Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board. 运行；操作 2．(2022·全国甲卷)When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (咬下的)一口 维度二　构词法 (2023·全国甲卷)If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. 名词后缀­ant：­ant可以作形容词后缀，也可以作名词后缀，此处为名词后缀，加上attract，意为：(对动物等的)引诱物，引诱剂。 维度三　长难句分析 (2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it's unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance. 一划主干：What__we__discovered__is__that__...。 二括修饰：第一个What引导主语从句；that引导表语从句；第二个what在动词judge后引导宾语从句。 三会意：我们发现，仅仅根据外表来判断你吃的东西(是否好吃)是不明智的。 维度四　写作提能 完成句子 1．人们庆祝端午节是为了纪念古代著名诗人屈原。 People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in__memory__of the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. (memory) 2．面对课业的压力，我们倾向于把更多的时间花在学习上而不是体育锻炼上。 Faced with/In the face of the pressure from academic schoolwork, we tend__to__spend__more__time on our study rather than physical exercise. (tend) 3．“我从来没有吃过比这更美味的早餐！”母亲非常激动地回答。 “I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！” the mother responded__with__exceeding__excitement. (respond) 4．埃里克立刻跑到他父亲身边，在他耳边低声说了些什么。 Eric instantly ran over to his father and whispered__something__into__his__ear． 5．两人都激动得流下了眼泪。 Excited and moved, both of them were__in__tears. (tear) 课时作业 Ⅰ.阅读 A (2024·湖北省仙桃市田家炳实验高级中学高三月考)As the lyrics to Taylor Swift's hit song “Bad Blood” go: “Cause, baby, now we got bad blood. You know it used to be mad love.” It's a song about falling out of friendship, but to 14­year­old Hallie Barnard, who was born with a rare blood disorder, the song holds a much deeper meaning. At just 15 months old, Barnard was diagnosed (诊断) with Diamon Blackfin Anemia, or DBA, and she spent most of her life in and out of the hospital. The Swiftie said she relied on the singer to bring her joy. The only way to survive DBA is with a bone marrow transplant (骨髓移植) and Barnard was desperate for one. But she knew thousands of other patients are, too. So, a few years ago, she decided to do something about it, creating her own foundation: Hallie's Heroes. “It started selfishly as just trying to save my life, but then we realized there were so many other children out there that needed a bone marrow transplant，” she said. “So, so far we've tested 8，000 people and found over 300 matches.” After a 9­year wait, Barnard got her own match—through her own foundation. But more obstacles stood between her and normal life as a kid. The blood disorder led to a cancer diagnosis: osteosarcoma. She received surgery to cut the cancer out of her leg at MD Anderson in Houston. The recovery was difficult, but Hallie said she stayed hopeful. “My survival instinct (本能) just kicked in. I was trying to do anything that I could to survive. So, of course, it was scary but in my mind, I was just thinking that I wanted to be at my sister's future weddings. I wanted to play games and run again，” she said. Her survival instinct—combined with Taylor Swift—helped her through her operation, where doctors cut her cancer out, and reattached her foot and ankle to her upper leg to work as a knee. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了罕见血液病患者Hallie Barnard (海莉·巴纳德)创建Hallie's Heroes帮助自己和其他患者的故事。 1．Why does the author mention Taylor Swift's song “Bad Blood”？ A．To stress the power of music. B．To introduce the topic of the text. C．To show Taylor Swift's popularity. D．To state Taylor Swift's song is a hit. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It's a song ... a much deeper meaning.”及下文内容可推知，作者引用Taylor Swift (泰勒·斯威夫特)的歌词是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。故选B。 2．What is Hallie Barnard's original motivation for creating Hallie's Heroes? A．To raise money for her heroes. B．To treat her rare blood disorder. C．To help other children with DBA. D．To have an operation for her cancer. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It started selfishly as just trying to save my life”可知，Hallie创建Hallie's Heroes起初的动机是治疗自己罕见的血液病。故选B。 3．Which of the following can best describe Hallie Barnard? A．Strong­minded and selfish. B．Hard­working and patient. C．Kind and optimistic. D．Outgoing and helpful. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The recovery was difficult, but Hallie said she stayed hopeful.(康复是困难的，但Hallie说她仍然抱有希望。)”可推知，Hallie非常乐观；根据Hallie创建Hallie's Heroes为他人治病可推知，Hallie心地善良。故选C。 4．What's the best title for the text? A．Bad Blood Inspired a Little Girl B．Hallie's Heroes: a Useful Foundation C．Taylor Swift: a Popular Singer with Teens D．A Cancer Survivor Helped Others Find Matches 答案：D　标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了罕见血液病患者Hallie Barnard创建Hallie's Heroes帮助自己和其他患者的故事，D项(一位癌症幸存者帮助其他人找到匹配者)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 B (2023·江西省高三稳派联考模拟预测)My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new best friends for life! He was a hard worker and was known as “Mr Fix­It” to everyone. He was also one of the most cheerful, affable (和蔼可亲的) and gentle people you would ever meet, which made us, his beloved daughters feel proud. But when Dad was in his fifties, my family began to notice him struggling. His work and skills began to become worse and worse, and he became depressed and withdrawn. This was not the man I knew. At the age of fifty­eight, Dad was diagnosed with early­onset Alzheimer's disease. As for our family, it was the worst. Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimer's Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us. That meeting inspired me to start a Walk to End Alzheimer's team. But I still wanted to do more. In 2017, I became a board member of the Alzheimer's Association Delaware Valley Chapter. The loss from this disease is gradual. My father's decline continued for several years. Losing my father more and more each day was leaving a big hole in my heart and my life. I decided to fill that hole with action to honor my father. That's why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer's Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I don't want another person in my family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer's disease. I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their fights to Alzheimer's in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimer's. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病。在了解这种疾病和逐渐“失去”父亲的过程中，作者投入到与阿尔茨海默病相关的慈善事业中，并呼吁人们参与其中。 5．What can we infer about the author's father before having Alzheimer's? A．He was an outgoing man. B．He hiked with strangers. C．He made a living by sales. D．He was a popular repairer of cars. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My father ... best friends for life！(我父亲是那种走进一间满是陌生人的房间，离开时却能交到一辈子最好的朋友的人！)”可推知，作者的父亲在患病前是一个外向的人。故选A。 6．What did the author initially do for her father's disease? A．She consulted many experts. B．She established a research team. C．She gained more relevant information. D．She funded the Alzheimer's Association. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Our first step ... that might help us.”可知，作者在父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病后，最初去参加了阿尔茨海默病协会主办的会议，以了解更多关于该疾病的信息。故选C。 7．What gift does the author leave to the Alzheimer's Association? A．Research funds for the disease. B．A record of her father's mental state. C．Her research papers on families like hers. D．Experts' suggestions on her father's disease. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“My future gift ... Alzheimer's disease.”可知，作者留给了阿尔茨海默病协会研究该疾病的经费。故选A。 8．What does the author focus on in the last paragraph? A．Her precious gift. B．Her father's firm confidence. C．Her future expectation. D．Her father's original motivation. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“I am so proud ... in the fight to end Alzheimer's.(我很自豪能够以这种方式纪念我的父亲和其他与阿尔茨海默病斗争失败的家庭成员。我的父亲鼓舞了我，我希望通过我的礼物，我可以激励其他人加入到结束阿尔茨海默病的斗争中来。)”可推知，作者在最后一段的重点是阐述她对未来的期盼。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·广东省信宜市高三质检)Volunteering is a great way to help your community. It is something that people should be doing more often, because it is a great way to help out those less fortunate. Another reason that you should volunteer is that it has a lot of health benefits, which people don't seem to really know about. __1__． Reduce depression (抑郁) Volunteering is a great way to decrease depression, especially if you are someone who doesn't have a great support system at home. __2__. When you are volunteering, you are around other people often talking and laughing, which helps reduce depression. 　__3__ A lot of volunteering involves packing boxes or moving things, and that is very good for your heart. You can actually walk the dogs and clean cages at a local animal shelter, which are all ways to stay active. If you are volunteering to do something you love, you may not even notice that it takes a great deal of physical energy, so it's much better than just working out because you enjoy it. 　Make you feel satisfied (满意的) When you do voluntary work, you feel this satisfaction out of what you are doing, because you know you are helping other people. When you feel this satisfaction, your mental and physical health improves, and you just feel better overall (全面的). __4__. And this is something that volunteering provides. Reduce anxiety 　__5__. When you start volunteering, you find new ways to communicate with other people. It helps reduce your anxiety levels. It can help you find ways to interact with others and can help you build confidence around others. A．Help you stay active B．The results are as follows C．Build up your mental strength D．Here are four health benefits you can get through volunteering E．If you always feel embarrassed at new social occasions, then volunteer F．A lot of people become depressed because they don't have friends or families G．In order to stay healthy, you have to keep a balance between your mind and body 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过志愿活动可以获得的四个健康益处。 1．D　根据前文“Another reason ... know about.”以及后文的几个小标题可知，后文主要讲述了做志愿者对健康的好处，D项(以下是你可以通过志愿活动获得的四个健康益处)承前启后。故选D。 2．F　根据前文“Volunteering is a great way ... at home.(志愿服务是减少抑郁的好方法，尤其是如果你在家里没有很好的支持系统。)”可知，此处是指许多人会因为没有朋友或家人而抑郁，F项(很多人变得抑郁是因为他们没有朋友或家人)承接前文。故选F。 3．A　根据后文“A lot of volunteering ... stay active.”可知，此处是指做志愿者可以帮助你保持活力，A项(帮助你保持活力)概括段意，适合作为段落小标题。故选A。 4．G　根据前文“When you feel ... and you just feel better overall (全面的)．(当你感到这种满足时，你的心理和身体健康都会得到改善，你会感觉更好。)”可知，此处是指要保持身心平衡，G项(为了保持健康，你必须保持身心平衡)承接前文。故选G。 5．E　根据后文“When you start volunteering, you find new ways to communicate with other people.”可知，此处是指做志愿者可以减少社交焦虑，E项(如果你在新的社交场合总是感到尴尬，那就做志愿工作吧)引出后文。故选E。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·陕西省渭南市高三一模)To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the World Heritage Convention (《世界遗产公约》), Beijing held__1__ event titled “The Next 50 Years: World Heritage Where Challenges and Development Coexist”， during which experts discussed how__2__ (make) the sites more accessible and sustainable for future generations. Since joining the World Heritage Convention in 1985, the number of world heritage sites in China__3__ (grow) to 56, including the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and the Grand Canal, __4__ (allow) the nation to rank second in the world. And over the past decade, China has added 15 new world heritage sites, six of__5__ have been included in the relevant lists of intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产)． Chinese experts said that the 56 listed world heritage sites reflect the country's__6__ (abundance) heritage and that China's cultural heritage achievements over the past 10 years can be seen in many aspects. For example, in 2013, the Tianshan Mountains__7__ (list) on the World Heritage List. The beauty of Tianshan lies__8__ its snow­capped mountains and glacier­capped peaks. It is really an outstanding example of a mountain ecosystem with a__9__ (diverse) of landform features and ecosystems. Experts said that the world heritage application is just a means to perform better protection. We should behave more__10__ (responsible) to conserve the heritage of all humanity. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了为了庆祝《世界遗产公约》成立50周年，北京举办了一场名为“未来50年：挑战与发展并存的世界遗产”的活动，专家们在会上讨论了如何让这些遗产更容易进入，并为后代提供可持续发展的机会。 1．an　考查冠词。event是发音以元音音素开头的单词，且此处表示泛指。故填an。 2．to make　考查非谓语动词。此处为“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语。故填to make。 3．has grown　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Since joining the World Heritage Convention in 1985”可知，时态为现在完成时；主语the number of world heritage sites in China表示单数，助动词用has。故填has grown。 4．allowing　考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词，主语the number of world heritage sites和allow之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填allowing。 5．which　考查定语从句的引导词。句意：近十年来，中国新增世界遗产15处，其中6处被列入相关非物质文化遗产名录。此处为“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词15 new world heritage sites，作介词的宾语，指物。故填which。 6．abundant　考查词性转换。修饰名词heritage，应用形容词作定语。故填abundant。 7．were listed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：例如，2013年，天山被列入《世界遗产名录》。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文in 2013可知，为一般过去时的被动语态；主语为the Tianshan Mountains。故填were listed。 8．in　考查介词。句意：天山的美在于它的雪山和冰川覆盖的山峰。lie in “在于”。故填in。 9．diversity　考查词性转换。句意：它确实是山地生态系统的杰出典范，具有多种地貌特征和生态系统。a diversity of “多样性的”。故填diversity。 10．responsibly　考查词性转换。句意：我们应该更负责地保护全人类的遗产。应用副词修饰动词behave，作状语。故填responsibly。 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$