内容正文:
班级 姓名 学号 分数
Unit 7 International Charities
一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
(时间:60分钟,满分:120分)
(一) 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
1、 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
例如:Many people speak English.
2、被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
例如:English is spoken by many people.
3、主动句和被动句的对比:
例如:He opened the door. 他开了门。(主动句)
The door was opened. 门被开了。(被动句)
4、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
○1一般现在时:am/is/are+done
例如:History is made by the people.
○2一般过去时:was/were+done
例如:The Eiffel Tower was completed in 1889.
(二)、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如 break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
例 This kind of cloth washes well.
注意:主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较:The door won't lock. (指门本身有毛病)
The door won't be locked. (指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)
2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,如:happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?
3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
例Your reason sounds reasonable
一、单项选择(本大题共30小题,每小题2分,共60分)
1.(23-24八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习)It is believed that this environmental problem ________ great damage to people’s health if ________ with in time.
A.has caused; not dealing B.will cause; not dealing
C.has caused; not dealt D.will cause; not dealt
2.(22-23八年级下·江苏南通·期末)—I’d like some pancakes for lunch.
—I’m sorry, sir. They ________ only for breakfast.
A.are served B.are serving C.will serve D.have served
3.(22-23八年级下·江苏泰州·期末)It will take only 30 minutes from Taixing to Changzhou after Changtai Yangtze River Railway Bridge ________ next year.
A.is built B.will be built C.builds D.will build
4.(21-22八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末)—How beautiful this kind of computer is! Where did you buy it?
—It ________ in that shop. It sells well.
A.sells B.is selling C.is sold D.was selling
5.(21-22八年级下·江苏镇江·期末)—Another three Chinese astronauts have arrived in