专题05 阅读理解说明文之工作职业8篇+饮食健康6篇+文化3篇+环境保护6篇(模考好题23篇)-2024届高考英语考前【词汇·语法·题型】精练突破（新高考通用）

专题05 阅读理解说明文之工作职业8篇+饮食健康6篇+文化3篇+环境保护6篇(模考好题23篇) 一、概述 说明文是用平实的语言客观地解说事物、阐明事理，给人以知识的文体。题材涉及科技、社会和文化生活等各个领域。说明文的结构特点：1、新闻报道类：总体--细节或过程说明。 2、科普类：社会现象或变化--细节(运作原理或原因阐述)--社会效应和相关启示。3、研究调查类：引出话题--调查结果--调查过程(方法、步骤、人员等)--对现实的影响和未来的展望。4、说明呈现类：总体呈现--细节描述(中心句一般在段首)--总结。 二、技巧点拨 1、关键是抓住说明对象的本质特征。阅读时也要注意说明的顺序，说明的顺序有时间顺序(如事物的发展变化)、空间顺序(如建筑结构)、逻辑顺序(因果、现象与本质)。 2、掌握说明文的说明方法：举例子、作比较——举例子、作比较(对比说明相异、类比说明相似)、列数字、作诠释、下定义、作引用、打比方等。 3、把握文章的脉络和长难句的分析。 模拟演练 01人与自我—工作职业 Passage 1 (2024·江苏盐城·模拟预测)Chief executive officer. Marketing director. Lead writer. Job titles like these have generally been standard across work for years. They communicate essential employee details such as job function and seniority. They make sense to employees and recruiters(招聘人员) alike, leaving little room for ambiguity. However, labels like “chief visionary officer”, “business development guru(大师) ”or “chief remote officer” are emerging. In many industries, especially creative ones, employers feel free to create job titles for employees. They can serve as recruitment or retention(留用) tools — and even grab attention from clients. This was the case for Lennie Hughes, whose official job title is “head of hype(炒作) and culture” at Truant, a London-based advertising agency. Initially, this position was advertised as a more traditional “head of marketing and new business“. But, after being recruited, Hughes worked with Truant to craft a new title for the role he’d lead, centred more on integrating traditional external branding and communications with a fresh take on internal workplace culture. He also acknowledges it’s not without strategic benefit. “If my job is all about getting attention, the title should do that, too.” Experts and employees alike say there can be an upside to flashy job titles. Pawel Adrjan works for Indeed, a large hiring platform. He cites Indeed data, showing “people” is outdoing the traditional title of “human resources”; similarly, the title of “talent acquisition” is up 75% while “recruitment” is d