Unit 4 Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步课件（译林版2020）

02 Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 1 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.We saw a flock of sparrows and Dad said that they had a wide ___________ （distribute） throughout the country. distribution 解析 句意为：我们看到一群麻雀，爸爸说它们广泛分布在全国各地。设空处作had的宾语，其前有不定冠词a及形容词wide修饰，应用名词单数形式。故填distribution。 2.The regulation focuses on protecting the resources within the country, promoting their proper use and preventing _______ （legal） access to them.［China Daily］ illegal 解析 句意为：该条例的重点是保护国内资源，促进资源的合理利用，防止非法获取资源。根据句意可知，此处是指“非法的”，修饰名词access应用形容词。故填illegal。 3.The researchers asked each student to rate their classmates, in terms of their likability and of their feelings of academic __________ （superior）. superiority 解析 句意为：研究者要求每个学生在受欢迎程度和学习优越感方面对他们的同学进行评价。此处作介词of的宾语应用名词。故填superiority，为不可数名词。 刷单句填空 2 4.It is doubtless that he is ________ （justify） in some of his criticism of the media. justified 解析 句意为：毫无疑问，他对媒体的一些批评是有道理的。设空处作is的表语；根据句意可知，此处表示“合乎情理的”，应用形容词，故填justified。 5.Crops are plants that are grown ___ large quantities for food. in 解析 句意为：庄稼是大量种植以供食用的植物。in large quantities为固定搭配，意为“大量地”。故填in。 6.The key is to consume the appropriate amount of calories ____ a daily basis. on 解析 句意为：关键是每天要摄入适量的卡路里。on a daily basis意为“每天”，为固定短语。故填on。 7.There was ___ sharp decrease in the demand for vehicles last year. a 解析 句意为：去年汽车的需求量急剧下降。decrease在此为名词，意为“下降”，there is/was a decrease in… 意为“……有所下降”。 刷单句填空 3 8._______ （bury） in great sadness, he didn’t have the power to do anything. Buried 解析 句意为：他沉浸在巨大的悲伤之中，没有能力做任何事情。be buried in意为“沉浸于”，设空处在句中作状语，其逻辑主语与主句主语一致，故可省略be动词和主语。故填Buried。 9.He denied _________ （know） anything about their plans at that time, but we were sceptical about it. knowing 解析 句意为：他当时否认知道他们的计划，但我们持怀疑态度。deny doing sth为固定短语，意为“否认做某事”。 10.It’s impossible to see him at six this evening because he _______________ （work） in the clinic then. will be working 解析 句意为：今天晚上六点想去见他是不可能的，因为那时他正在诊所工作。根据时间状语at six this evening和then可知，because引导的原因状语从句的谓语动词表示将来正在进行的动作，所以应用将来进行时。故填will be working。 刷单句填空 4 根据提示补全句子。 1.不可否认，新的科学突破对该地区的经济十分重要。（deny） ________ ____ ________ _____ the new scientific breakthrough is of great significance to the area’s economy. There’s no denying that 2.据预测，游客量将继续增长。（predict） ___ ___ _________ _____ the number of visitors will continue to rise. It is predicted that 3.但是，任何人都可以如此详细地监视整个地球的想法似乎令人恐惧。（spy） But the idea that anybody might be able ___ ____ ____ ____ ______ Earth in such detail may seem frightening. to spy on the entire 刷单句表达 5 4.全球变暖对北极熊等动物的生存构成了严重威胁。（pose; threat） Global warming has ______ ___ _______ ______ ___ ____ ________ of animals such as polar bears. posed a serious threat to the survival 5.经过艰苦的努力，他最终得出了结论，他坚持的原理被证明是对的。（conclude） After painstaking efforts, he ________________ __________ _____ the principle he stuck to _______ _________. eventually/finally concluded that proved true/right 刷单句表达 6 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1.What do you think the children _____________ （do） when we get home this time tomorrow night? will be doing 解析 句意为：当我们明晚这个时候到家时，你认为孩子们会在做什么？根据句意可知，此处表示将来某一时刻正在发生的事情，需要用将来进行时。故填will be doing。 2.I am going on a dream vacation to Hawaii. While you are working, I _________________ （lie）on a sunny beach. will/shall be lying 解析 句意为：我打算去夏威夷度过一个梦想中的假期。当你在工作时，我将正躺在阳光明媚的海滩上。根据前句提到打算去夏威夷可知，后文应用一般将来时，而此处表示“正躺在”，则应用将来进行时。故填will/shall be lying。 刷单元语法 7 3.I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning, I __________________ （fly） to Shanghai. will/shall be flying 解析 句意为：我感到很兴奋！明天早上的这个时候，我将正飞往上海。根据时间状语At this time tomorrow morning可知，设空处指明天早上的这个时候正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。主语为I，助动词应用shall或will。故填will/shall be flying。 4.You’ll recognize me when you get there. I ___________________ （wear） jeans and a white T-shirt. will/shall be wearing 解析 句意为：你到了那里就会认出我来。我会穿牛仔裤和白色T恤衫。根据句意可知，该句应用将来进行时，表示将来某一时刻或某一阶段内将要发生的动作。主语为I，助动词可以用shall或will。故填shall/will be wearing。 刷单元语法 8 5.I won’t be free this Sunday morning. I __________________ （see） a friend off at the airport. will/shall be seeing 解析 句意为：这个星期天上午我没空。我要到机场给朋友送行。根据时间状语this Sunday morning并结合句意可知，该句应用将来进行时，表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作。主语为I，助动词可以用shall或will。故填will/shall be seeing。 6.I can hardly imagine that at this time next week I __________________ （sit） in a completely new classroom, with new teachers and new classmates. will/shall be sitting 解析 句意为：我几乎无法想象下周的这个时候，我将正坐在一间全新的教室里，与新老师和新同学在一起。根据时间状语at this time next week可知，此处应用将来进行时，表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作。从句的主语为I，助动词可以用shall或will。故填will/shall be sitting。 刷单元语法 9 7.To give an example, I ___________________ （sign） an organ donation agreement at this time tomorrow. will/shall be signing 解析 句意为：举个例子，明天这个时候我将签署一份器官捐献协议。根据时间状语at this time tomorrow可知，此处表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用将来进行时。故填will/shall be signing。 8.Half an hour from now, the cinema will be full. Everyone ________________ （watch） the film. will be watching 解析 句意为：从现在起半个小时后，电影院将座无虚席。每个人都将观看这部电影。根据句意可知，从现在起半个小时后，每个人将正在看这部电影，所以此处表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作，应用将来进行时。故填will be watching。 刷单元语法 10 9.If you need to contact me, I ___________________ （stay）at the Waterfall Hotel until this Saturday. will/shall be staying 解析 句意为：如果你需要联系我，我会在瀑布酒店待到这周六。分析句子结构可知，该句为If引导的条件状语从句，应采取“主将从现”的原则；根据时间状语until this Saturday可知，“我”会一直待在那里，由此可知，此处应用将来进行时。故填will/shall be staying。 10.Don’t phone me between 8:00 am and 9:00 am tomorrow, for we ____________________ （attend） an academic lecture then. will/shall be attending 解析 句意为：明天上午8点到9点之间不要给我打电话，因为那时我们将正在参加一个学术讲座。设空处在从句中作谓语，根据时间状语 between 8:00 am and 9:00 am tomorrow可知，从句的时态应用将来进行时。故填will/shall be attending。 刷单元语法 11 [江苏南京六校2024联合调研] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China will release the world’s first high-fidelity virtual （高拟真） giant panda and a metaverse-like （类似元宇宙的） world 1. . it will live, China’s National Forestry and Grassland Administration announced. The digital giant panda will be able to interact with humans in this metaverse-like world after 2. . （give） AI life. The details of the giant panda’s bones, muscles, skin, hair and facial features will be created with millimetre-level precision. After it goes online, the public can immerse 3. . （they） in the habitat using their mobile phones to learn about the living habits and environment of the pandas. The digital project 4. . （aim） at telling the stories of flagship species at China’s national parks including giant pandas, golden snub-nosed monkeys, Asian elephants and Siberian tigers, and it is also a creative way 5. . （show） the world China’s efforts in biodiversity. where being given themselves is aimed to show 刷语法填空 12 6. . this, AI has also been successfully used elsewhere. It has been used to 7. . （automatic） identify and analyse the tracks of snow leopards from 100,000 photos taken every three months in national parks, increasing the 8. . （accurate） of identification to 98 percent and 9. . （strength） the efficiency of protection measures. The National Forestry and Grassland Administration has also introduced VR solutions, which make visiting China’s Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park on people’s phones 10. . reality. Besides automatically accuracy strengthening a 刷语法填空 13 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国国家林业和草原局宣布，中国将发布世界上第一只高拟真数字大熊猫以及它将要居住的一个类似元宇宙的世界，可以让游客在手机上了解大熊猫的栖息地和它们的生活习惯。 1._______ where 解析 句意为：中国国家林业和草原局宣布，中国将发布世界上第一只高拟真大熊猫以及它将要居住的一个类似元宇宙的世界。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为a metaverse-like world，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故应用where引导该从句。 2.____________ being given 解析 句意为：这只数字大熊猫在被赋予人工智能生命后，将能够在这个类似元宇宙的世界中与人互动。空后不是完整的句子，因此此处after为介词，设空处作介词宾语，应用动名词形式；结合语境可知，The digital giant panda与give之间为逻辑上的被动关系，表示“被给予人工智能生命”，故此处应用动名词的被动形式。故填being given。 刷语法填空 14 3.___________ themselves 解析 句意为：在它上线后，公众可以通过手机沉浸在熊猫的栖息地里，了解它们的生存习惯和居住环境。immerse oneself in表示“沉浸于”。此处指代the public，表示“他们自己”。故填themselves。 4._________ is aimed 解析 句意为：这一数字项目旨在讲述中国国家公园旗舰物种的故事，包括大熊猫、金丝猴、亚洲象和东北虎，它也是向世界展示中国在生物多样性方面所作的努力的一种创造性方式。分析句子结构可知，本句为and连接的并列句，设空处在第一个分句中作谓语。be aimed at为固定表达，表示“目的在于；旨在”。结合语境可知，此处表示一般陈述，用一般现在时。主语为单数，谓语应用单数形式，故填is aimed。 刷语法填空 15 5.________ to show 解析 句意见上一题解析。a way to do sth表示“做某事的方式”，此处为不定式作后置定语。故填to show。 6.________ Besides 解析 句意为：除此之外，人工智能也被成功用于其他地方。结合语境可知，此处表示“除了……以外（还）”，故用介词besides，注意句首单词首字母大写。 7._____________ automatically 解析 句意为：它已经被用来自动识别和分析国家公园每三个月拍摄的10万张关于雪豹踪迹的照片，将识别的准确率提高到98%，同时也增强了保护措施的有效性。此处修饰动词identify和analyse，故应用副词作状语。故填automatically。 刷语法填空 16 8._________ accuracy 解析 句意见上一题解析。此处作动词increasing的宾语，且被定冠词the修饰，应用名词形式。故填accuracy。 9._____________ strengthening 解析 根据空前的and可知，此处与increasing… 并列，在句中作状语，应用现在分词。故填strengthening。 10.___ a 解析 句意为：国家林业和草原局也推出了虚拟现实解决方案，让人们在手机上参观中国东北虎豹国家公园成为现实。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，这里为名词reality作宾补，表示“事实；见到的事物”，是可数名词，故用不定冠词来修饰；reality的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 刷语法填空 17 句意：它已经被用来自动识别和分析国家公园每三个月拍摄的10万张关于雪豹踪迹的照片，将识别的准确率提高到98%，同时也增强了保护措施的有效性。 刷语法填空 18 02 Period Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 19 [山东名校联盟2024高二联合调考] Atomic shapes are so simple that they can’t be broken down any further. Mathematicians are trying to turn to artificial intelligence （AI） for help to build a “periodic table” of these shapes. Tom Coates at Imperial College London and his colleagues are working to classify atomic shapes known as Fano varieties, which are so simple that they can’t be broken down into smaller components. Just as chemists arranged elements in the periodic table by their atomic weight and group to reveal new insights, the researchers hope that organising these atomic shapes by their various properties will help in understanding them. The team has assigned each atomic shape a sequence of numbers based on its features such as the number of holes it has or the extent to which it twists around itself. This acts as a bar code （条形码） to identify it. Coates and his colleagues have now created an AI that can predict certain properties of these shapes from their bar code numbers alone, with an accuracy of 98 percent. 刷阅读理解 20 The team member Alexander Kasprzyk at the University of Nottingham, UK, says that the AI has let the team organise atomic shapes in a way that begins to follow the periodic table, so that when you read from left to right, or up and down, there seem to be generalisable patterns in the geometry （几何） of the shapes. The team hopes to improve the model to the point where missing spaces in its periodic table could point to the existence of unknown shapes. Graham Niblo at the University of Southampton, UK, stresses that humans will still need to understand the results provided by AI and create proofs of these ideas.“AI has definitely got unbelievable abilities. But in the same way that telescopes don’t put astronomers out of work, AI doesn’t put mathematicians out of work,” he says.“It just gives us new backing that allows us to explore parts of the mathematical landscape that are out of reach.” 刷阅读理解 21 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。原子形状非常简单，无法被进一步分解。数学家们希望人工智能帮助他们建立一个原子形状的周期表。 1.What is the purpose of building a periodic table of shapes?( ) A A.To gain deeper insights into the atomic shapes. B.To create an AI to predict the unknown shapes. C.To break down atomic shapes into smaller parts. D.To arrange chemical elements in the periodic table. 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Mathematicians are trying to turn to artificial intelligence （AI） for help to build a “periodic table” of these shapes.以及第二段中的Just as… will help in understanding them.可知，建立形状周期表是为了更深入地了解原子的形状。 刷阅读理解 22 2.What can the bar code of each atomic shape tell us?( ) D A.Its holes. B.Its bends. C.Its atomic weight. D.Its properties. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Coates and his colleagues have now created an AI that can predict certain properties of these shapes from their bar code numbers alone, with an accuracy of 98 percent.可知，每个原子形状的条形码能告诉我们它的性质。 刷阅读理解 23 3.What does the underlined word “backing” in the last paragraph mean?( ) B A.Design. B.Help. C.Duty. D.Threat. 解析 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的AI doesn’t put mathematicians out of work及画线词后的that allows us to explore parts of the mathematical landscape that are out of reach可知，人工智能不会让数学家失业，只是给了数学家们帮助，以探索数学领域中那些遥不可及的部分。由此可猜测，backing意思是“帮助；协助”。 刷阅读理解 24 4.What is the main idea of the text?( ) D A.Thanks to AI, new atomic shapes have been discovered. B.Mathematicians turn to AI to create more atomic shapes. C.AI helps build a relationship between chemistry and maths. D.A periodic table of shapes can be built with the help of AI. 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据文章第一段中的Mathematicians are trying to turn to artificial intelligence （AI） for help to build a “periodic table” of these shapes.可知，数学家们正试图借助人工智能来构建原子形状周期表。 刷阅读理解 25 核心词汇 reveal vt. 揭示；显示 刷阅读理解 26 [福建三明一中2024高二月考] A teenager from New York has invented a low-cost tool to spot elephant poachers （偷猎者） in real time. Anika Puri, 17, won the 2022 Peggy Scripps Award for Science Communication for her model of machine-learning-driven software that . .1. . movement patterns in thermal infrared （热红外线的） videos of humans and elephants. “I’m very excited by . .2. . focusing on endangered species and environmental science,” Puri said. During a recent trip to India, Puri realised that elephants were still being . .3. . for their tusks.“I was quite shocked,” Puri said. “Because I always thought ‘Well, poaching is . .4. .; how come it really is still such a big . .5. .?’ ” Over the next two years, Puri . .6. . ElSa（short for elephant saviour）. This wildlife poacher detection solution is based on a . .7. . process: An ElSa camera attached to a mobile phone . .8. . over a park on a drone （无人机） and . .9. . the movements of elephants or humans. 刷完形填空 27 Puri says the software is four times more . .10. . than existing state-of-the-art detection methods. It also removes the . .11. . for expensive high-resolution （高分辨率的） thermal cameras. The 17-year-old’s invention has earned . .12. . from notable scientists. “Puri’s software is quiet admirable,” says ecologist Jasper Eikelboom. “It’s quite . .13. . that a senior high school student has been able to . .14. . such a solution like this,” he says. “Not only the research and the analysis, but also... being able to . .15. . it to the models.” 刷完形填空 28 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。17岁的阿妮卡·普里发明了一种低成本工具ElSa以实时发现大象偷猎者。 1.( ) A.changes B.repeats C.analyses D.encounters C 解析 根据上文可知，一名青少年发明了一种可以实时发现大象偷猎者的工具，故此处指这一模型可以分析人类和大象的运动模式。change意为“改变”；repeat意为“重复”；analyse意为“分析”；encounter意为“遭遇”。故选C项。 2.( ) A.theories B.innovations C.intentions D.discoveries B 解析 根据上文的has invented a low-cost tool可知，普里发明了一种新工具，所以她对专注于濒危物种和环境科学的新发明感到兴奋。theory意为“理论”；innovation意为“新发明”；intention意为“意图”；discovery意为“发现”。故选B项。 刷完形填空 29 3.( ) A.killed B.raised C.protected D.defeated A 解析 根据下文的for their tusks及她发明这种软件是为了阻止偷猎行为可知，在最近的一次印度之行中，普里意识到大象仍在被杀害以获取象牙。故选A项。 4.( ) A.common B.foolish C.typical D.illegal D 解析 根据上文的poaching及常识可知，偷猎大象是非法的。common意为“普遍的；常见的”；foolish意为“愚蠢的”；typical意为“典型的”；illegal意为“非法的”。故选D项。 5.( ) A.issue B.relief C.burden D.responsibility A 解析 根据上文可知，猎杀大象是违法的，但还是有大象在被杀害以获取象牙，所以普里不理解这为什么仍然是一个严重问题。issue意为“问题”；relief意为“宽慰”；burden意为“重担”；responsibility意为“责任”。故选A项。 刷完形填空 30 6.( ) A.sold B.created C.obtained D.downloaded B 解析 根据上文的A teenager from New York has invented a low-cost tool to spot elephant poachers in real time.和最后一段中的The 17-year-old’s invention可知，普里创造了ElSa。sell意为“售卖”；create意为“创造；创建”；obtain意为“获得”；download意为“下载”。故选B项。 7.( ) A.cheap B.secure C.simple D.gradual C 解析 根据下文的解释An ElSa camera attached to a mobile phone ____ over a park on a drone and ____ the movements of elephants or humans可知，这种野生动物偷猎者探测解决方案基于一个简单的过程。cheap意为“便宜的”；secure意为“安全的”；simple意为“简单的”；gradual意为“逐渐的”。故选C项。 8.( ) A.flies B.flows C.jumps D.spreads A 解析 根据下文的over a park on a drone可知，ElSa摄像头安装在无人机上，在公园上空飞行。fly意为“飞行；航行”；flow意为“流动”；jump意为“跳跃”；spread意为“传播”。故选A项。 刷完形填空 31 9.( ) A.directs B.detects C.guides D.prevents B 解析 根据上文的This wildlife poacher detection solution可知，此处指连接在手机上的ElSa摄像头发现大象或人类的活动。direct意为“指导”；detect意为“发现”；guide意为“带领”；prevent意为“阻止”。故选B项。 10.( ) A.costly B.complex C.accurate D.scientific C 解析 根据下文的than existing state-of-the-art detection methods及下一段的Puri’s software is quite admirable可知，此处在把两种软件进行比较，普里的软件的精确度是现有的最先进的检测方法的四倍。costly意为“昂贵的”；complex意为“复杂的”；accurate意为“精确的；准确的”；scientific意为“科学的”。故选C项。 11.( ) A.need B.trouble C.difference D.preference A 解析 根据上一句的the software is four times more ____ than existing state-of-the-art detection methods可知，普里的软件更精确，这当然就不需要那些昂贵的高分辨率热像仪了。need意为“需要”；trouble意为“麻烦”；difference意为“差异”；preference意为“偏爱”。故选A项。 刷完形填空 32 12.( ) A.income B.praise C.argument D.confidence B 解析 根据下文的Puri’s software is quite admirable可知，普里赢得了科学家的称赞。income意为“收入”；praise意为“赞美；称赞”；argument意为“争论”；confidence意为“信心”。故选B项。 13.( ) A.crucial B.abnormal C.beneficial D.remarkable D 解析 根据上文的Puri’s software is quite admirable及下文的a senior high school student has been able to ____ such a solution like this可知，一个高中生能够想出这样的解决方案是非常了不起的。crucial意为“至关重要的”；abnormal意为“反常的”；beneficial意为“有利的”；remarkable意为“非凡的；引人注目的”。故选D项。 刷完形填空 33 14.( ) A.make up B.take up C.put up with D.come up with D 解析 根据下文的such a solution可知，此处指想出这样一种解决偷猎的方案。make up意为“编造”；take up意为“开始从事”；put up with意为“忍受”；come up with意为“想出；想到”。故选D项。 15.( ) A.cut B.send C.apply D.show C 解析 根据上文的Not only the research and the analysis可知，普里的发明不仅仅包括研究和分析，而且能应用到模型中。cut意为“削减”；send意为“发送；邮寄”；apply意为“应用”；show意为“展示”。故选C项。 刷完形填空 34 $$