Unit 3 Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project-【高中必刷题】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册同步课件（译林版2020）

03 Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 1 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.Engineers carried out a thorough __________ （inspect） of the track. inspection 解析 句意为：工程师对轨道进行了全面的检查。设空处作carried out的宾语，且其前有不定冠词a和形容词thorough修饰，应用名词单数。故填inspection。 2.We should take more care of our ________ （history） buildings. historic 解析 句意为：我们应该更加爱护历史建筑。根据句意可知，此处指“有历史意义的建筑”，应用historic修饰。 【易错警示】本题易混淆historic和historical：historic指“历史上著名的；可名垂青史的”，historical指“（有关）历史的；历史学的”。 3.Over half of those questioned said they ______ （rare） took any exercise. rarely 解析 句意为：被问到的人有一半以上说他们很少锻炼身体。设空处修饰动词took，应用副词，作状语。故填rarely。 刷单句填空 2 4.The Victoria and Albert Museum in London is staging an exhibition of the history of African fashion, which is an __________ （ambition） task. ambitious 解析 句意为：伦敦的维多利亚与艾尔伯特博物馆正在举办一个关于非洲时尚历史的展览，这是一项宏大的任务。设空处修饰名词task，应用形容词，故填ambitious。 5.This smart keyboard _________ （precise） measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. precisely 解析 句意为：这个智能键盘精确地测量一个人打字的节奏和手指对每个按键施加的压力。设空处修饰动词measures，应该使用副词。故填precisely。 6.It is a truly delightful place, which looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its ________ （wind） streets and pretty cottages. winding 解析 句意为：这实在是一个招人喜欢的地方，它看起来一定和100年前一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和美丽的村舍。此处作定语修饰streets，应用形容词winding，意为“蜿蜒的”。 刷单句填空 3 7.The new museum has a display area of 22,000 square metres, with more than 1,500 sets of cultural relics _______________ （comprehensive） exhibiting the latest findings at the Sanxingdui Ruins. comprehensively 解析 句意为：新博物馆的展示面积为2.2万平方米，其中1,500多件文物全面展示了三星堆遗址的最新发现。设空处修饰动词exhibiting，应用副词。故填comprehensively。 8.We should judge a film ___ its own right, and not against its original source. in 解析 句意为：我们应该根据电影本身来评判它，而不是根据它原先的出处。in one’s own right意为“凭自身的资格（或努力）”，为固定短语。故填in。 9.His success is all down ___ his amazing willpower. to 解析 句意为：他的成功完全归功于他惊人的毅力。be down to意为“由……引起（或造成）”，为固定短语。故填to。 刷单句填空 4 10.The daily newspaper circulation had declined ____ about 2%, dropping from 528 million in 2016 to 519 million in 2017. by 解析 句意为：日报发行量下降了大约2%，从2016年的5.28亿份下降到2017年的5.19亿份。根据句意及空后的about 2%可知，此处指下降的幅度，decline by… 意为“下降了……”。 【知识拓展】decline to… 下降到…… reduce by… 减少了…… reduce to… 减少到…… increase by… 增加了…… increase to… 增加到…… 刷单句填空 5 根据提示补全句子。 1.与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同的视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。（insight） Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus ______ ___ ______ ____________ _____ our own culture. gives us more insight(s) into 2.经常接触英语使我们对这种语言有很好的了解。（expose） ______ ________ ___ English frequently enables us to have a good knowledge of this language. 3.这份工作最大的乐趣之一在于可以接触到各行各业的人。（非谓语形式作表语） One of the greatest pleasures of this job is ________ _______ ______ ____ ______ ___ ____. 4.在角落里的是一对双胞胎兄弟，他们刚刚因为一个玩具汽车吵架了。（倒装句） ___ ____ _______ ____ the twin brothers who have just quarrelled about a toy car. 5.很显然我们面对着两种矛盾的说法。（apparent） ___ ___ _________ _____ we are faced with two contradictory statements. Being exposed to meeting people from all walks of life In the corner are It is apparent that 刷单句表达 6 [山东德州一中2023高二期末] To say that Spanish painter Pablo Picasso was a leader in Western art in the 20th century is to repeat an accepted fact, according to the Time magazine. “No painter before him had enjoyed such a large following in his own lifetime.” Born on Oct 25, 1881, Picasso had created more than 20,000 paintings, drawings, sculptures and other pieces of art by the time he died at 91. That’s a long time to paint! The result is not only a lot of art, but a lot of different phases in Picasso’s works. On its website, Christie’s auction（拍卖）house lists eight different periods in the course of his painting career. Over a century ago, the painter once said that, “Every act of creation is first an act of destruction.” So the eight periods are all very different in their choice of subjects and yet unmistakably drawn by Picasso’s hands. The Financial Express called his style unusual. As his style changed over time, it became more simplistic. A common joke is that Picasso forgot how to paint. After all, he was classically trained at the School of Fine Arts in Barcelona. 刷阅读理解 7 Now he is best known for leading an artistic movement known as “Cubism （立体派）”.It used geometric shapes to create human and animal figures. With this method, Picasso tried to show his figures from multiple perspectives（视角）in two-dimensional space. For example, a person’s left eye may be shown from straight ahead while his right eye and nose are shown from the side. The result is strange and beautiful, frightening and funny. Picasso often said that he admired primitive art and drawings made by youngsters. “When I was the age I could draw like Raphael, but it took me a lifetime to learn to draw like them,” he said. Maybe that’s why Picasso is still so popular. We look at his works and think, “Maybe I could do that!” 刷阅读理解 8 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西班牙画家巴勃罗·毕加索这位20世纪西方艺术的领军人物。毕加索是一名多产的画家，他的画作有着独特的风格，他还领导了“立体派”艺术运动。 1.Which of the following best describes Pablo Picasso?( ) A A.Productive. B.Optimistic. C.Traditional. D.Generous. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的Picasso had created more than 20,000 paintings, drawings, sculptures and other pieces of art by the time he died at 91可知，毕加索是一位多产的画家。故选A项。 刷阅读理解 9 2.Why did The Financial Express call Picasso’s style unusual?( ) D A.His act of creation was destructive. B.He created a series of simple images. C.His painting style remained unchanged. D.He drew different subjects in different periods. 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的So the eight periods are all very different in their choice of subjects可知，在8个时期中，毕加索的画在主题选择上都非常不相同。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 10 3.What is special about a cubist painting according to the text?( ) B A.It is rather difficult to understand. B.It shows figures from various perspectives. C.It covers different subjects at the same time. D.It reflects the relationship between humans and animals. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的With this method, Picasso tried to show his figures from multiple perspectives in two-dimensional space.可知，毕加索试图用立体画法，在二维的空间里，从多个角度展示他的绘画人物。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 11 4.What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to?( ) D A.Raphael’s works. B.Artists. C.Drawings. D.Youngsters. 解析 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的Picasso often said that he admired primitive art and drawings made by youngsters.“When I was the age I could draw like Raphael, but it took me a lifetime to learn to draw like them,” he said.可知，毕加索常说他欣赏原始艺术和年轻人的绘画，但是他花了一生的时间才学会像他们那样画画，所以them指代前面提到的youngsters，即年轻人。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 12 03 Period Ⅲ Extended reading & Project Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 13 A [安徽省2024高二阶段性检测] It’s a race against time, as generations of cultural heritage conservators（文物修复员）at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, despite erosion（侵蚀）by sand and wind. The team is dedicated to protecting the 45,000 square metres of murals（壁画）and more than 2,400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site, the construction of which spans about a thousand years, from the 4th century to the 14th century. The cultural relics are the product of the cultural exchanges that took place over centuries on the ancient Silk Road.“Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is to better preserve the caves, which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people,” says Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy. 刷阅读理解 14 Commonly seen “diseases” affecting the murals include cracking and flaking（剥落）, as well as erosion that is caused by changes in temperature and humidity（湿度）of the caves, and the deposition of salts. To restore a mural requires an all-rounder. Restorers should know painting, master the skills of a mason and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics, to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution. They must also select proper materials and tools, and conduct experiments, before formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterwards. The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than repainting them. When the restorers find some parts of murals missing or fading away, they never repaint them to create a “perfect” appearance in restoration. “Cultural relics are witnesses to history,” explains Su. “When you pursue the so-called intact（完好无损的） look for artistic reasons, you will lose their key meaning.” 刷阅读理解 15 Cave conservation is about continuously solving problems. “It needs long-term research to better preserve the caves, over a much wider time span that goes beyond our lifetimes,” Su says. But at least, they can keep the existing look of the murals for as long as possible. 刷阅读理解 16 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了敦煌莫高窟壁画的修复工作。 1.What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2?( ) C A.To show the popularity of Dunhuang murals. B.To explain the history of the ancient Silk Road. C.To stress the significance of the restoration work. D.To present the ways of protecting cultural heritage. 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, is to better preserve the caves, which promotes the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people… 可知，修复壁画和彩塑是为了更好地保护洞窟，它向世界展示了伟大的敦煌精神，并激励了现代人。由此可知，本段主要强调修复工作的重要性。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 17 2.Which of the following best describes the restoration work?( ) D A.Creative. B.Well-paid. C.Interesting. D.Demanding. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的To restore a mural requires an all-rounder. Restorers should know painting, master the skills of a mason and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics, to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution. They must also select proper materials and tools, and conduct experiments, before formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterwards.可知，修复工作对修复人员的要求是非常高的。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 18 3.What should restoring murals focus on according to Paragraph 4?( ) C A.Spotting the faded murals in time. B.Fixing the missing parts of murals. C.Making preservation of the murals as they are. D.Repainting to perfect the appearance of murals. 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The restoration should respect the original work and aim to maintain the status quo of the murals rather than repainting them.可知，修复工作应注重保护壁画的原貌。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 19 4.What can be a suitable title for the text?( ) B A.The Artistic Charm of Mural Paintings B.The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves C.The Successful Experiment on Cave Conservation D.The Role of the Dunhuang Spirit in Chinese Culture 解析 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段及后文对壁画修复工作的目的、要求等的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了莫高窟壁画的修复工作。因此，B项（莫高窟壁画修复工作）适合作为文章的标题。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 20 【方法总结】如何选择说明文的最佳标题 文章标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。它的特点是：（1）短小精悍；（2）涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其涵盖的范围既不能太大，也不能太小；（3）精确性强；（4）能吸引读者的眼球，引起读者的阅读兴趣。 解答这类题目时，可结合文体判断。说明文是文体特征很明显的一类文本，在说明文中，作者通常会在文章的开头阐明文章的主旨或写作目的，或是在结尾处总结文章内容。 选择说明文标题时应做到：（1）先看文章的首段与尾段，找到文章的主旨句，定位关键信息；（2）再阅读每个段落，尤其是段落的首句和尾句，找到每个段落的主旨句，判断段落大意，从而判断出文章结构（总—分、总—分—总、分—总）；（3）根据以上信息对比四个选项，排除概括不全、概括范围过大等的干扰项，即可得出正确答案。 刷阅读理解 21 长难句分析 句意：该团队致力于保护该遗址735个洞窟中的45,000平方米的壁画和2,400多件彩绘雕塑，这些洞窟的建造跨越了大约一千年，从4世纪到14世纪。 刷阅读理解 22 B [广东“深惠湛东”四校2023高二联考] Contrary to popular opinion, the scientific quest for knowledge is not a predictable and well-defined process. To make new discoveries, researchers need the freedom to be creative, fail, and learn by chance. There is the romantic idea of the scientist who has a eureka moment（突发灵感的一刻）and suddenly arrives at new insights. Another impression is that research only involves formal steps. Neither of those ideas is correct. “Science and art are two different ways to make something comprehensible or imaginable,” says Biochemistry Professor Dolf Weijers. “From the outside, the research process looks very formal and the artistic process looks somewhat messy. But the scientific process can also unfold in an unpredictable way. Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and make connections.” 刷阅读理解 23 There is an intersection between science and art. This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to amplify creative freedom. Weijers and his colleague Joris Sprakel, together with other scientists and artists, have designed a plan to learn from each other and to exchange ideas. One example is the recent and special project in which they measured the forces that act on plant cells. A molecular （分子的） sensor was used to visualize the different forces. They revealed the results in colourful images, each representing a different force. What science and art also have in common is that they are topics of discussion in society. There are people who say that they do not value art and people who mistrust science.“It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented, and people do not have any insight into the artistic process leading to discovery. As a scientist you are criticized if you say that something is different a few years later. Then you are viewed as unreliable. But what is often poorly understood is that there are no final results in science,” says Weijers. 刷阅读理解 24 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了艺术在科学研究中的作用，艺术与科学之间是有联系的。 1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?( ) B A.The purpose of science research. B.The views on science research. C.The attitude to science research. D.The hardship of science research. 解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，该段主要讨论了关于科学研究的两种观点，一是“对知识的科学追求不是一个可预测和定义明确的过程”，二是“研究只涉及正式步骤”。这些想法都不正确。故选B项。 刷阅读理解 25 2.What can we know from Weijers’s view?( ) C A.The research process and the artistic process are totally different. B.The scientific process always unfolds in an unpredictable way. C.Scientists should have creative and associative thinking. D.The artistic process is too messy to be used in research. 解析 推理判断题。由第二段中的Science and art are two different ways to make something comprehensible or imaginable和But the scientific process can also unfold in an unpredictable way.Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and make connections.可知，我们能从韦杰斯的观点中了解到科学家应该有创造性和联想性思维。故选C项。 刷阅读理解 26 3.What does the underlined word “amplify” in the third paragraph mean?( ) D A.Detect. B.Abandon. C.Imply. D.Increase. 解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and make connections.和第三段中的There is an intersection between science and art.和look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas可知，画线词所在句子表示科学和艺术之间有交集，这就是为什么瓦赫宁恩的科学家们从艺术家那里寻找灵感，并就如何扩大创作自由交换意见。因此画线词amplify的意思是“扩大；增加”，和increase意思相近。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 27 4.Why does the author mention Weijers’s research on plant cells?( ) D A.To display the beauty of colourful images. B.To stress the importance of thinking freely. C.To present the findings of his recent project. D.To show the connection between science and art. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句There is an intersection between science and art.和最后一句They revealed the results in colourful images, each representing a different force.可知，通过韦杰斯的研究事例说明艺术与科学之间的交叉融合，表明艺术与科学的联系，强调艺术灵感在科学研究中的价值。故选D项。 刷阅读理解 28 长难句分析 句意：有一种浪漫的想法，科学家灵光一现，突然有了新的见解。 刷阅读理解 29 核心词汇 1.predictable adj. 可预测的 2.visualize v. 使可视化；使形象化;想象 进阶词汇 intersection n. 交点；十字路口；相交 刷阅读理解 30 [宁夏银川一中2024高二期中] Wang Pufang is an inheritor（继承人） of the technique for making handmade colourful lanterns. She has devoted her whole life to . .1. . the traditional craft. “I have made lanterns for the past 70 years to carry forward the . .2. . and relive my childhood memories,” Wang said. She explained that when she was a(n) . .3. ., the older generations in her family . .4. . lanterns during the Spring Festival for children to play with. On the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar, which . .5. . the end of the Spring Festival, the children’s lanterns were eventually . .6. . symbolising prosperity for the year ahead. Wang also makes lanterns for new . .7. . in her village. She says that the lanterns are best . .8. . that they will soon have a baby and live happily. The big smiles on their faces make Wang believe her devotion is . .9. .. 刷完形填空 31 Wang explained that lanterns represent her . .10. . memories. “When many . .11. . people came to buy lanterns, they recall their childhood memories and share . .12. . stories with me about their childhood,” she added. For Wang, lanterns are like books that . .13. . the customs and what life was like during her childhood. In order to make more people. .14. . the craft, Wang continues to sell traditional handmade lanterns and teaches students in schools how to make them, allowing them to feel the unique . .15. . of the traditional craft. 刷完形填空 32 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了传统手工花灯制作技艺的传承人王蒲芳为传统手工花灯制作技艺的传承作出的贡献。 1.( ) A.looking for B.working over C.passing down D.thinking about C 解析 根据下文的“I have made lanterns for the past 70 years to carry forward the ____ and relive my childhood memories,” Wang said.及最后一段中的teaches students in schools how to make them可知，王蒲芳在过去的70年里一直通过制作花灯来发扬这项技艺，也教学生如何制作，说明她毕生致力于传承这项传统工艺。look for意为“期待；期望”；work over意为“彻底检查”；pass down意为“使世代相传”；think about意为“考虑到”。故选C项。 2.( ) A.regulation B.adjustment C.absence D.technique D 解析 根据上文的Wang Pufang is an inheritor of the technique for making handmade colourful lanterns.可知，王蒲芳是手工花灯技艺的传承人，她一直在发扬这项技艺，technique为原词复现。regulation意为“章程；规则”；adjustment意为“调整”；absence意为“缺席”；technique意为“技艺”。故选D项。 刷完形填空 33 3.( ) A.adult B.child C.artist D.tutor B 解析 根据上文的relive my childhood memories可知，王蒲芳在重温她的童年记忆，说明她解释的内容是关于她还是个孩子的时候发生的事情。故选B项。 4.( ) A.produced B.advocated C.bought D.brought A 解析 根据上文的Wang Pufang is an inheritor of the technique for making handmade colourful lanterns.可知，王蒲芳是手工花灯技艺的传承人，结合选项推知，此处指在她小的时候，家里的老一辈人会为孩子们制作花灯。produce意为“制作；制造”；advocate意为“主张”。故选A项。 5.( ) A.warns B.causes C.marks D.stresses C 解析 根据常识并结合选项可知，此处表示中国农历正月十五标志着春节的结束。warn意为“警告”；cause意为“引起”；mark意为“表明；标志”；stress意为“强调”。故选C项。 刷完形填空 34 6.( ) A.lighted B.completed C.presented D.exchanged A 解析 根据上文的On the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar及eventually ___ symbolising prosperity for the year ahead并结合选项可知，农历正月十五这天，孩子们会在春节落幕之前点燃花灯，象征来年繁荣昌盛。故选A项。 7.( ) A.clients B.couples C.villagers D.visitors B 解析 根据下文的She says that the lanterns are best ____ that they will soon have a baby and live happily.可知，王蒲芳还为村里的新人夫妻做花灯，祝福他们早生贵子、生活幸福。故选B项。 8.( ) A.wishes B.rewards C.honours D.privileges A 解析 根据下文的they will soon have a baby and live happily可知，这些花灯是对新人的美好祝福。故选A项。 刷完形填空 35 9.( ) A.unique B.worthwhile C.appropriate D.significant B 解析 根据上文的The big smiles on their faces可知，他们脸上灿烂的笑容让她相信她的付出是值得的。unique意为“独特的”；worthwhile意为“值得的”；appropriate意为“适合的”；significant意为“重要的”。故选B项。 10.( ) A.family’s B.colleagues’ C.generation’s D.acquaintances’ C 解析 根据下文的they recall their childhood memories and share ____ stories with me about their childhood可知，许多老人来买花灯时，会回忆起童年的记忆，并向王蒲芳分享他们童年的有趣故事，说明手工花灯代表了那一代人的记忆。故选C项。 11.( ) A.elderly B.friendly C.familiar D.local A 解析 根据下文的they recall their childhood memories and share ____ stories with me about their childhood可知，他们会回忆起童年的记忆，分享他们童年的有趣故事，由此推断出这些买灯笼的人是老人。elderly意为“年老的”；friendly意为“友好的”；familiar意为“熟悉的”；local意为“当地的”。故选A项。 刷完形填空 36 12.( ) A.miserable B.meaningless C.challenging D.interesting D 解析 根据上文语境可知，花灯勾起了他们童年的回忆，他们和王蒲芳分享他们有趣的童年故事。miserable意为“痛苦的”；meaningless意为“毫无意义的”；challenging意为“具有挑战性的”；interesting意为“有趣的”。故选D项。 13.( ) A.record B.exclude C.mention D.explain A 解析 根据设空处前的lanterns are like books及设空处后的the customs and what life was like during her childhood可知，此处指王蒲芳认为花灯就像书，记录着她童年时的风俗习惯和生活。record意为“记录”；exclude意为“不包括”；mention意为“提及”；explain意为“解释”。故选A项。 14.( ) A.pay for B.learn about C.focus on D.set up B 解析 根据下文的Wang continues to sell traditional handmade lanterns and teaches students in schools how to make them可知，王蒲芳继续做花灯、卖花灯，并在学校教学生制作花灯，说明她想让更多人了解这门技艺。pay for意为“支付”；learn about意为“了解”；focus on意为“专注于”；set up意为“建立”。故选B项。 刷完形填空 37 15.( ) A.origin B.story C.history D.attraction D 解析 根据上文的Wang continues to sell traditional handmade lanterns and teaches students in schools how to make them可知，王蒲芳为花灯制作技艺的传承做了很多，她想让人们感受到这项传统技艺的独特魅力。故选D项。 刷完形填空 38 核心词汇 recall vt. & vi. 回忆起；回想起 进阶词汇 1.craft n. 手艺；工艺 2.carry forward发扬；成功地进行 3.prosperity n. 繁荣 刷完形填空 39 $$