04：押天津卷 阅读理解说明文 -备战2024年中考英语临考题号押题

押天津卷第四大题 阅读理解说明文 【题型概述】 中考英语阅读理解说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。从内容特点看，说明文从内容上主要围绕下列主题而展开，科普知识类、动植物特性类、自然现象类、新产品、新工艺介绍类、风土人情类。文中解释性、定义性、说明性句子较多，长难句较多。实验、研究型文章一般会以实验的过程、进展为线索，多用描述法、问题与对策法等方法，通过列数据、做对比等来说明新的科学研究发现及其产生的影响。介绍说明型文章通常是介绍一种新产品、新技术，更多运用描述法从功能、用途、材料和市场前景等方面进行介绍。从语言特点看：说明文中专业术语较多，抽象程度高，解题难度大，容易拉开考生分数档次。阅读理解主要考查考生对词汇和句式的掌握和运用情况。说明文由于句式复杂等特点，相对于其他体裁的文章来说难度更大。从结构特点看：客观、简练，文章很少表达作者的情感倾向。说明文通常采用以下结构形式： 总分式: 总——分式和分——总式结构，以及完整的“总——分——总”结构。 递进式: 事理说明文常用这种结构形式，通常由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质，逐层递进，一层一层地剖析事理。 并列式：文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分。 对照式：通过两个事物的比较和对照说明其异同。 【考查内容】 一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who → what → when → where → how → why。 从命题形式看：常见的说明文的主要命题形式有事实细节题、词义推断题、推理判断题、主旨概括题、观点态度题以及写作意图等题型。 一、阅读理解说明文（2023年天津中考真题） About 80% of people do not get enough vitamin (维生素) D every day. But this vitamin is very important for your health. Vitamin D is really important for our bones (骨骼). When we are young, vitamin D builds up our bones and makes them strong. When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones strong. Our bodies keep the vitamin D in our bones and teeth. Then we lose vitamin D as we work and exercise during the day. But our bodies can’t make vitamin D. So we have to get it from outside of our bodies. Where can a person get this very important vitamin? Vitamin D is in foods like fish and eggs. Sometimes, vitamin D is added to bread, milk, and orange juice. Food is not the only way our bodies can get vitamin D. The sun also gives us vitamin D. If we want to be healthy, we should spend some time in the sun each day. Too much sun is not good for you, but about 15 minutes a day is usually enough. And we should be sure to eat foods that are rich in vitamin D, too. 31. The writer says that vitamin D ________. A. makes our bones strong B. keeps our hair clean C. is not necessary for our teeth D. is harmful to our hearts 32. Why do we have to get vitamin D from outside of our bodies? A. It makes us popular. B. It helps us eat more food. C. Our bodies can’t make vitamin D