内容正文:
押重庆卷 短文填空
【题型概述】
短文填空是重庆中考英语重要的题型之一,它的分值是16分,分为8个小题,每小题2分,占整份英语试题分值的12.5%。短文填空一般在一篇200~250字左右的故事性短文中挖出8个空(一般一行或一句一个空,首句不设空),要求学生通读短文,根据短文内容或部分首字母提示,在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。每空只能填一个单词(不能填数字)。主要考九大词类(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、连词、冠词)。
该题旨在测试考生的英语阅读理解能力和简单的书面表达能力,看其是否能够运用所学过的英语知识进行简单的书面交流,从而达到既考查学生的语言基础知识,又考查他们的观察能力、联想能力以及对语言的综合运用能力。短文填空是初中英语的难点,应对短文填空总体上要从三个方面进行训练:
1、做题时要梳理逻辑关系:前后句往往是重复(词语重复,句子重复)和递进关系,通过文中线索找到答案。
2、短文填空经常考察单词用法,这需要考生学英语时要在语境中体会单词的汉语释义,总结搭配结构,练笔写句训练,活用单词。
3、提升阅读理解能力:学英语不是死记单词和语法规则,而是要提升读句、读段的能力,比如5大阅读训练方法(跳词阅读,填词阅读,拆分阅读,梳理逻辑,梳理关系)。只有这样,才能真正突破短填难关。
【考查能力】
短文填空作为重庆必考题之一,也是难度最大的题型之一。因为其考察的重点在于上下文的联系以及时态的变化较多,所以句子的理解对于短文填空的作答来说很重要。这就要求同学们要牢牢地掌握英语基础知识,特别是固定搭配以及单词时态的变化。
· 上下文线索搜查
· 句子理解
· 结合语境考察固定搭配
· 上下句的逻辑关系
(2023年A卷)
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示,在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。
After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink up a glass of cold water. When the water travels down your throat, you will ____54____ so good. However, you are often told not to do so. Is drinking ____55____ water really unhealthy?
Cold water is said to slow down a person’s digestion(消化). Having cold water or a cold drink makes your body’s temperature l____56____. Cold water causes your blood vessels (血管) to become narrower (更狭窄的). So, the body needs to burn energy to bring your ____57____ back to normal. At the same time, less energy is used for digestion.
Think of your digestive system as a burning pot. If someone suddenly poured cold water into this pot what would ____58____? Doing this would be dangerous. Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it is ____59____ adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn’t that bad, but it is a good way to explain why drinking cold water during meals maybe a bad idea. ____60____ you cannot control your urge(冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice.
Traditional Chinese medicine suggests trying to avoid drinking cold water. And modern studies in Europe point out drinking