必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope（word练习）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P530] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·湖北统一调研)Rescuers in Jersey said Sunday after an all­night search that there was no hope of survivors from an explosion that flattened a three­story apartment block. At least three people were confirmed killed in the accident early Saturday in the Channel island's port capital St. Helier, following a suspected gas leak. “We have three confirmed deaths and it's fair to say we expect to find more，” police chief Robin Smith told a news conference, saying that around 12 residents remained unaccounted for.“ It is with sadness that I am confirming that the search­and­rescue operation has been moved to a recovery operation，” he said. The phase involved a “painstaking search of the debris (残骸)” which could take weeks, Smith said, adding that a gas leak was the “likely” cause. Aided by sniffer dogs and experts from southern England, Jersey emergency workers had searched the rubble (瓦砾) overnight. Fire chief Paul Brown confirmed that firefighters were called out to investigate the smell of gas on Friday evening, more than seven hours before the explosion. But in vain. He admitted that something had gone “horribly wrong”， considering the subsequent disaster, but insisted that Jersey islanders could still have confidence in his service. Jersey's gas supplier, Island Energy, said it was working with the fire service to understand what happened. Like many others in St. Helier, Jersey's Chief Minister Kristina Moore said she was awoken by the explosion. “Across the island you could hear this extraordinary sound，” she told the BBC.“It's unthinkable news, so we're all absolutely shocked and really worried about the people who are involved and about those whose lives have been lost.” The incident caps a tragic week for Jersey, whose economy relies on banking, tourism and fishing. “We must call on the collective strength of the island community，” Moore said. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇报道。本文主要介绍了泽西岛上一次爆炸事故后的搜救与调查工作，以及事故发生后各部门负责人对事故的表态。 1．What's the possible cause of the accident? A．The gas leak. B．The gas supplier. C．The recovery operation. D．The unexpected explosion. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段的“following a suspected gas leak”和第三段的“a gas leak was the‘likely’ cause”可知，燃气泄漏可能是导致爆炸事故的原因。故选A。 2．What was the main task of the recovery operation? A．Rescuing the dead. B．Searching the rubble. C．Searching for the debris. D．Working with fire service. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The phase involved a ‘painstaking search of the debris’”可知，灾后重建工作，即下一阶段的工作主要是在废墟中寻找残骸。故选C。 3．What may Paul Brown's words imply? A．He had predicted the explosion hours before it. B．The fire service was investigating the explosion. C．People lost confidence in the island's fire service. D．The fire service was partly responsible for the accident. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第四段的“He admitted that something had gone ‘horribly wrong’，considering the subsequent disaster”可知，考虑到后续发生的灾难，他推测消防部门在爆炸前几个小时对燃气气味的追踪调查中肯定有工作上的失误，因此对这起事故也间接负有一定的责任。故选D。 4．How did Moore feel after the accident? A．Panicked and frightened. B．Relieved and hopeful. C．Astonished and concerned. D．Fearful and sorrowful. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据文章第六段的“‘Across the island you could hear this extraordinary sound，’she told the BBC.‘It's unthinkable news，so we're all absolutely shocked and really worried about the people who are involved...’”可知，穆尔认为这一事件是难以想象的，她和其他人都很震惊，并担心事故的受害者和遇难者。故选C。 B (2023·丽水、湖州、衢州质检)Have you ever walked through a door and thought to yourself，“What was I going to do？”If you have，you are not alone.Psychologists believe that walking through a door and entering another room creates a“mental block”in the brain.This is generally referred to as the doorway effect. In the early years of brain research，scientists thought that human memory was like a closet，with many sections in which we could store little boxes of experiences from our lives.Boxes would remain there forever，and whenever we had to look into them，we could just go to that particular section and find that box of memory. Beautiful as this description of human memory formation sounds，it is not true.Our brain is much more complex than that.Psychological studies suggest that our memories are episodic(有许多片段的)in general.If you think back on anything，you'll probably quickly realize our memories don't function as clear narratives.Instead，they're more episodic and divided into parts. The new research led by psychologist Oliver Baumann from Bond University in Australia suggests that it's not so much the doorways that cause a memory wipe，as when we move from one location to a significantly different one，there is abrupt change of the scene that prepares our minds for something new.“A good example is moving around in a department store，”says Baumann.“Taking the elevator between floors may have no effect on our memory，but moving from the store to the parking lot might cause us to forget something that we need to buy.” Baumann also points out that a busy and perhaps overloaded brain does seem to play some part in this phenomenon.In other words，walking through open doors is thought to reset memory to make room for a new episode. The good news is that experiencing such forgettable episodes after entering another room does not tell you anything about your memory and intelligence.So when you enter a room and suddenly forget why you are there，you should not think that Alzheimer's disease is creeping up on you! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，当人们走进一扇门时总会忘记一些事情，这种情况被称为“门口效应”。本文主要介绍了“门口效应”产生的原因，以及对大脑的其他研究成果等。 5．Which of the following would most probably be the“doorway effect”？ A．You missed a call and forgot to ring back. B．You read a book and forget what it is about. C．You entered the office and forgot what to get. D．You saw a man years ago and forget who he is now. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Psychologists believe that...the doorway effect”可知，“门口效应”是指穿过一扇门进入另一个房间时，我们会在大脑中形成“心理障碍”，这会导致暂时性遗忘，故C项“你走进办公室，忘了要去拿什么”符合“门口效应”的特征。故选C。 6．What can we learn from the passage? A．All memories are linked in the brain. B．Memories are clearly separated in the brain. C．Not all the memories can be found in the brain. D．Memories are stored in particular sections of the brain. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“walking through...room for a new episode”可知，穿过敞开的门被认为会重置记忆，为新情节腾出空间。根据第六段的首句“The good news is...and intelligence”可知，在进入另一个房间后经历这种情节遗忘是正常现象。据此可以推知，并非所有的记忆都能在大脑中找到。故选C。 7．What can we infer from Baumann's research? A．Taking an elevator stimulates new memory. B．Walking through open doors results in memory loss. C．A sudden change of the scene boosts intelligence development. D．An overloaded brain increases the possibility of the doorway effect. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第五段“Baumann also points...make room for a new episode”可知，Baumann还指出，忙碌和可能超负荷的大脑似乎确实在“门口效应”中起了一定作用，即穿过敞开的门被认为会重置记忆，为新情节腾出空间。据此可以推知，超负荷的大脑增加了门口效应的可能性。故选D。 8．What does the author think of the“doorway effect”？ A．Insignificant. B．Beneficial. C．Influential. D．Damaging. 解析　A　推理判断题。通读最后一段可知，在进入另一个房间后经历这种情节遗忘跟记忆力和智力并无关系，所以当你进入一个房间，突然忘记你为什么在那里的时候，你不应该认为自己有患阿尔茨海默症的嫌疑。据此可以推知，作者认为“门口效应”无关紧要。insignificant“微不足道的”；beneficial“有裨益的”；influential“有很大影响的”；damaging“损害的”。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·石家庄质检)Too much stuff, too much to do, too much stress...These are weighing people down and breaking their spirit.__1__ Here are several things to help you get started. The first step is to sort out your possessions. To live a simple life, you need a simple living space. So take some time to tidy your living area. Focus on keeping things that you value deeply and throw away things that you don't need any longer.__2__ Finally, you will be shocked to see how few possessions you actually use in your daily life. __3__As humans we tend to think of what we are used to as being naturally right. However, there could be problems in the million little things that bother us as we go about our day. The best skill you can develop in your life is the ability to take a step back and look at things objectively by raising doubts about what is seemingly the way it is supposed to be. We should always stay mindful and live with intention. If there is something in your life that you don't love, change it! Cut out the things that aren't serving you. You can write down what an ideal day would look like for you in five years' time. Then outline what things you want more in your life and what things you want less.__4__ Managing your time wisely counts.__5__ Instead, take some time to think about whether it's something that you are excited about attending. Be clear how you spend your time and take control of what you do. This is how you can guarantee yourself a flexible schedule and do everything in an unhurried way. A．Minimalists live intentionally. B．Complete the process in several sweeps. C．Don't reply “yes” to everything you're invited to. D．With that in hand, you have a goal to work towards. E．From time to time you need to question your lifestyle. F．That's why there is a growing interest in the minimalist lifestyle. G．Having a flexible schedule depends on you taking control of things. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了如何做到极简生活。 1．解析　F　空前提到太多的事情和压力压得人们喘不过气，空后提到这里有几件事可以帮你开始，由此可知该空应该会讲到一种减轻人们压力的方式，起到承上启下的作用，F项“这就是为什么人们对极简主义生活方式越来越感兴趣”符合语境。后文的内容也都是关于如何做到极简主义。故选F。 2．解析　B　空前一句讲到专注于保留你非常珍视的东西，扔掉你不再需要的东西，空后一句提到最后你会惊讶地发现你在日常生活中实际使用的物品是如此之少。由此可知，该空的内容应与完成整理任务有关。对比各选项可知，B项“在几次打扫中完成此过程”符合语境，故选B。 3．解析　E　分析篇章结构可知，该篇为总分结构。第二段至第五段，每段的首句为该段的主题句。根据结构衔接做题法可知，该空也应为该段的主题句。根据该段内容尤其是“The best skill you can develop...the way it is supposed to be”可知，此段讲述的是要时常对自己的生活方式提出质疑，E项符合语境，故选E。 4．解析　D　根据该段首句可知，该段讲述的是我们应该始终保持有意识、有目标的生活方式，由此可知，该空内容应与目标相关，D项“有了那个，你就有一个奋斗的目标”符合语境，D项中的that指代空前说的概述你在生活中更想要的东西和不太想要的东西这一行为。故选D。 5．解析　C　该空后面的Instead和attending是解题的关键，该空后一句提到相反，花点时间想想你是否有兴趣参加。分析各选项可知，C项符合语境，指的是不要对所有你受到的邀请都回答“是”，且该选项中的invited与空后一句中的attending呼应。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2023·重庆联考)The traditional Chinese craft of turning thick bamboo into delicate slices achieves fame on overseas short video platform TikTok，receiving more than 10 million 1.________(view) and hundreds of thousands of likes.The skilled bamboo craftsmen are recording the daily detailed production processes of their handicrafts on social media, 2.________ are regarded as “3.________ (mystery) Chinese power”in the eyes of foreign netizens. A woman，4.________ TikTok talent from Omaha，USA，filmed a reaction video to the artistry and posted 5.________ online.While witnessing the processes of bamboo gradually turning into bamboo silk and pot brushes，she couldn't contain her 6.________ (surprise) expression.“A real craftsman，”she said in the video. 7．________ fancy tools，these bamboo craftsmen make amazing works of art 8.________ (simple) using their own bare hands.Pan Yunfeng，51，from Lin'an，Zhejiang Province，started learning bamboo weaving at an early age and by now with over 5 million followers on Douyin，he 9.________ (become) a genuine influencer for netizens home and abroad. Bamboo weaving art，10.________(originate) from the Warring States period 2，000 years ago，has become an essential part of traditional Chinese culture.Now，the popularity of bamboo art on TikTok has opened a window for foreign netizens to better understand Chinese culture. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。中国的竹编通过社交媒体走出国门，为外国网民更好地了解中国文化打开了一扇窗口。 1．解析　views　考查名词的复数。根据空前的10 million和空后的“and”“likes”可知，该空应填所给词的复数形式。故填views。 2．解析　which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空引导非限制性定语从句，且该空在句中作主语，故填which。 3．解析　mysterious　考查形容词。该空在句中作定语，修饰Chinese power，故填mysterious。 4．解析　a　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，“4.________ TikTok talent from Omaha，USA”在句中作主语的同位语，指的是“一个来自美国奥马哈的TikTok达人”，表泛指，故填不定冠词a。 5．解析　it　考查代词。该空在句中作posted的宾语，指代上文中的“a reaction video”，故填代词it。 6．解析　surprised　考查形容词。该空在句中作定语，修饰名词expression，故填surprised。 7．解析　Without　考查介词。根据空后的“using their own bare hands”可知，手艺人们没有花哨的工具，故填Without。 8．解析　simply　考查词形转换。空处修饰现在分词短语“using their own bare hands”，故填副词simply。 9．解析　has become　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空前的by now在句中作时间状语，常与现在完成时连用；主语he为第三人称单数。故填has become。 10．解析　originating　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，空处在此作非谓语，originate与“Bamboo weaving art”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填originating。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$