必修第三册 Unit 1 Knowing me，knowing you（word练习）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P516] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Psychological science is full of interesting topics, many of which tell a coherent picture of human nature, but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the misunderstood overlap(交叠) between strength­based science and the research on narcissism (自恋). There is now convincing evidence to show that narcissism is on the rise, especially in our youth. Some researchers say that about 25% of young people showing symptoms of narcissism. We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon, but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful reaction against approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves. In my own research on strength­based parenting, it is common for people to wrongly think this approach to be the cause of narcissism. Their argument seems to be that a child who knows their strengths will automatically view themselves as better than everyone else. It is argued that the self­assurance that comes with identifying and using their positive qualities will make a child selfish and uncaring. Why does this occur? It's partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and our daily life.The New York Times noted that narcissism is a favored topic and that people everywhere are diagnosing others with it. The fear that a strength­based approach will cause narcissism also occurs because of our binary (非此即彼的) thinking. We mistakenly believe that one cannot be both confident and humble. Without confidence in their strengths, Gandhi and Mother Teresa couldn't have achieved so much, and yet modesty and selflessness are their qualities. When we assume that strength­focus is the same as self­focus, we fail to make the idea clear that people who know their strengths are, actually, more likely to be pro­social and ready to help others. It's easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I'd like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring, thoughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。一直以来，人们对了解个人优势和自恋两者之间的区别认识不足，导致了误认为青少年的自信是自恋。作者解释了这一现象及其产生原因，并表明了自己的观点：优势教育是有益的。 1．Which of the following opinions may the writer agree with? A．To state all kids are potential narcissists is overstating the case. B．Strength­based parenting results in narcissism. C．It's unhelpful for us to make our children feel good about themselves. D．Children knowing their strengths tend to be more selfish and uncaring. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful reaction”可以推知，作者认为不是所有的孩子都有成为自恋狂的可能，这样的说法是夸大其词。故选A。 2．Why are teenagers' strengths often thought of as narcissism? A．Many people are diagnosed with narcissism by doctors. B．There is a shortage of narcissism in our common sense. C．Academic journals report more on narcissism. D．The general public has fewer approaches to strengths psychology. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，青少年因优势产生的自信经常被误认为是自恋，产生这种现象的原因在于大众对自恋这个话题很喜欢而且很熟悉，而对优势心理学相对陌生，对其接触也比较少。故选D。 3．What's the author's attitude toward young kids' strength­based approaches? A．Tolerant. B．Neutral. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“we fail to make the idea clear that people who know their strengths are, actually，more likely to be pro­social and ready to help others”以及最后一段的内容可知，知道自己长处的孩子有很多优势，由此可推知，作者对基于优势的教育方式是认可的。故选C。 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Teens' Narcissism Diagnosis B．Teens' Misunderstood Confidence C．Teens' Strength­Based Approach D．Teens' Psychology Research 解析　B　主旨大意题。分析文章结构可知，本文的第一段是中心段，其中第二句就是中心句，本文主要讨论了孩子们的自信很多时候被误认为是自恋的问题。B项(青少年被误解的自信)适合作为文章标题。故选B。 B (2023·湖南六校联考)When romantic partners argue over things like finances，jealousy，or other interpersonal issues，they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument.But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts，according to a study by the University of Waterloo just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh，a doctoral candidate in psychology，is the lead author of the study，which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo，and Daniel Yang from Yale University. Previous research has shown that third­perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation(调解)of interpersonal struggles.Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether the similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future.Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend.One group of participants was then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future，while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present. The team examined participants，written responses through a text analysis program for their use of pronouns such as I，me，she，he.These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants' focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict.Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively，both of which implied the participants' use of reasoning strategies. The researchers found that envisioning(展望) future relationships affected both participants' focus on their feelings and their reasoning strategies.As a result，participants reported more positivity about their relationships altogether，especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationships a year into the future. “Our study demonstrates that adopting a future­oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict—reflecting on how one might feel a year from now—may be a valuable coping tool for one's psychological happiness and relationship well­being，”said Huynh. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现展望未来可以帮助解决人际关系方面的冲突。 5．What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements? A．They lose faith in their future. B．They look forward to a fierce conflict. C．They focus on their present feelings. D．They care more about financial problems. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When romantic partners argue over things...they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument”可知，伴侣在争吵的时候比较关注当前的感受，故选C。 6．What does the underlined word“induced”in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Explained. B．Caused. C．Reduced. D．Improved. 解析　B　词义猜测题。根据语境可知，画线词所在句中的“the similar benefit”指的是与上文中提到的“reconciliation(调解)of interpersonal struggles”相似的益处，上文中提到的益处是由“third­perspective reasoning”产生的，因此研究人员想知道“simply thinking about the future”是不是也可以产生相似的效果。故B项与画线词的意义最为接近。故选B。 7．What do we know about the study? A．The reasoning strategies in participants' written responses were well worthy of note. B．Study participants described their recent relationships with their romance partners or friends. C．A text analysis program was employed to examine participants' use of negative words. D．All the study participants described how they feel both in the present and in the future. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Written responses were also examined...reasoning strategies”可推知，参与者书面答复中暗含的推理策略同样值得关注，故选A。 8．What can be the best title of the text? A．You Have a Year to Solve Your Interpersonal Problems! B．Beneficial Reasoning Is a Positive Strategy for Reconciliation! C．Your Current Feelings Are the Real Cause of Your Heated Arguments! D．Thinking About Future Is Essential for Relationship Maintenance! 解析　D　文章标题题。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，此类文章的主题一般为研究结果。根据第一段中的“But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts，according to a study by the University of Waterloo”可知，研究表明展望未来可以帮助解决人际关系方面的冲突，故D项最适合作本文的标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·九省联考)I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was__1__， too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no __2__ on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for __3__ the car. I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to__4__ the heat when an older gentleman __5__ to fuel his car.　He asked about my car, and I __6__ my predicament (困境). To my __7__， the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and __8__ a tool set. Right then and there, this total__9__ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were __10__ to function.After about an hour, he __11__ that my car was safe to finish the trip. __12__ came at the hands of a stranger. __13__ his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man __14__ a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his __15__. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了，并且没有找到修车的人。这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。了解到作者遇到的困难后，他主动帮助作者修车。作者对此非常的感谢。 1．A.busy　　　　　　　　 B．loud C．dead D．secure 解析　C　考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.”以及句中的too可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。 2．A.mechanic D．policeman C．manager D．guide 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找机修工。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没上班。故选A。 3．A.washing D．parking C．purchasing D．maintaining 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。根据空前“I was working my way through university then and had little money”可知，作者当时正在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。故选D。 4．A.feel D．beat C．absorb D．produce 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“working on a hot September afternoon”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。 5．A.promised D．refused C．stopped D．volunteered 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I managed to get to a gas station”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。 6．A.solved D．noticed C．escaped D．explained 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“He asked about my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了什么问题，然后作者向他解释了她的困境。故选D。 7．A.surprise D．regret C．amusement D．disappointment 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and ________ a tool set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，准备帮助作者。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。 8．A.called up D．pulled out C．put down D．threw away 解析　B　考查动词短语辨析。根据空后“a tool set”以及下文“Right then and there, this total ________ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were ________ to function.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修车。故选B。 9．A.liar D．beginner C．stranger D．loser 解析　C　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ________ the heat when an older gentleman ________ to fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故选C。 0．A.free D．ready C．uncertain D．unable 解析　D　考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long ”可知，由于汽车的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。 1．A.pronounced D．agreed C．discovered D．doubted 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。根据空后“that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣布车可以安全地完成旅程。故选A。 2．A.Tiredness D．Kindness C．Loneliness D．Carefulness 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了作者，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。故选B。 3．A.Folding D．Drying C．Soiling D．Mending 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“After about an hour, he ________ that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，那位绅士给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。 4．A.saved D．called C．judged D．banned 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“Right then and there, this total ________ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were ________ to function.”可知，这个陌生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中救了她。故选A。 5．A.friend D．daughter C．coworker D．customer 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$