必修第一册 Unit 6 At one with nature（word练习）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P495] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·青岛适应性测试)Imagine a plate holding two strawberries, identical in appearance. One came out of a supermarket box, meaning it was probably harvested when it was still unripe. By the time it reached the plate it may have been off the vine (藤) for two weeks. The other strawberry was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten. Supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages: They are convenient and still available even in winter months. But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing music in a concert hall differs from listening to it on an old CD player. The home­grown fruit is an eatable case for making a home garden. Your columnist, who long considered gardening a complete waste of time, advances this argument with great enthusiasm. Planting cool­weather greens, as gardeners across the northeast of America are now doing, can seem nonsense, since convenient, continuously well­stocked supermarket shelves are available all week. But the same could be said of cooking: There are many cheap and decent restaurants around, so why bother to make your own meals? That attitude misconstrues the ultimate appeal of gardening: It mistakes the product for the purpose. It is true that a garden can produce tomatoes and carrots of incomparable sweetness, and celtuce (莴苣) and herbs that taste like themselves rather than the plastic they are usually packaged in. While finding, let's say, celtuce in the shops can take some time, effort, and expense, growing your own vegetables insures a reliable supply. On the other hand, a garden, especially in the early years, can produce little but frustration. Green hands may plant the wrong crops for their soil. And even expert gardeners can lose a season's harvest to uncooperative weather. No matter. The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it. The deepest pleasure—as with cooking, writing or almost anything worthwhile—is in the work itself. To garden is to patiently, lovingly and diligently help life become strong and healthy, in the ground and above it. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章以超市里的草莓和自家种的草莓为例，论述了自己对从事园艺的看法。 1．What can we know about the supermarket strawberries? A．They look distinct from home­grown ones. B．They give out pleasant and fresh smell. C．They are picked days before fully grown. D．They are planted typically in winter. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“One came out of a supermarket box, meaning it was probably harvested when it was still unripe. By the time it reached the plate it may have been off the vine for two weeks.”可知，超市里的草莓是在完全成熟前几天采摘的。故选C。 2．What does the underlined word “misconstrues” mean in paragraph 4? A．Misinterprets. B．Transforms. C．Mistrusts. D．Highlights. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“the ultimate appeal of gardening：It mistakes the product for the purpose”可知，这种态度错误地把产品当成了目的，即这种态度误解了园艺的最终吸引力。故画线词意为“误解”。故选A。 3．Why does the author mention the failures in gardening? A．To warn readers not to take up gardening easily. B．To advise readers to work in harmony with nature. C．To make readers reflect on the methods of gardening. D．To help readers have a whole picture of gardening. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Green hands may plant the wrong crops for their soil.And even expert gardeners can lose a season's harvest to uncooperative weather.”可知，新手可能种植不适合自己的土地的作物；即使是专业的园丁也会因为天气不佳而失去一季的收成。由此可推知，作者提到园艺上的失败是为了帮助读者对园艺有一个全面的了解。故选D。 4．What is the author's opinion on gardening? A．It's a difficult and time­consuming process. B．Products of gardening make it worthwhile. C．The time and efforts invested make it a delight. D．It reduces the cost of purchasing vegetables. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it.和To garden is to patiently, lovingly and diligently help life become strong and healthy...”可知，园艺的真正乐趣在于花时间去做这件事，园艺就是耐心地、充满爱心地和勤奋地帮助生命变得强壮和健康。由此可知，作者认为园艺投入的时间和精力使之成为一种乐趣。故选C。 B (2023·绍兴诊断性考试)Living in a city is a well­known risk factor for developing a mental disorder，while living close to nature is largely beneficial to mental health and the brain.A central brain region，the amygdala (杏仁核) involved in stress processing，has been shown to be less activated during stress in people living in rural areas，compared to those who live in cities，hinting at the potential benefits of nature.“But so far the hen­and­egg problem could not be resolved，namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions，”says Sonja Sudimac. To achieve causal evidence，the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one­hour walk in Grunewald Forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin.The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature，suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress. “The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health，but this is the first study to prove the causal link.Interestingly，the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases，which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress，”explains Simone Kühn，head of the group. The authors show that nature has a positive impact on brain regions involved in stress processing and that it can already be observed after a one­hour walk.This contributes to the understanding of how our physical living environment affects brain and mental health.Even short exposure to nature decreases amygdala activity，suggesting that a walk in nature could serve as a preventive measure against developing mental health problems and reducing the potentially disadvantageous impact of the city on the brain. In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups，the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one­hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然对人的大脑产生的影响。 5．What does the hen­and­egg problem mean by Sonja Sudimac? A．Living in rural areas actually affects brain activity. B．People in cities tend to have a higher risk of mental problems. C．It's unnecessary to work out the complex issue of stress and health. D．It's hard to clarify the impact of living environment on mental health. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But so far the...or urban regions”可知，到目前为止，母鸡和鸡蛋的问题还没有得到解决，也就是说，到底是大自然对大脑产生了影响，还是特定的个体选择生活在农村或城市地区。据此可知，在Sonja Sudimac看来“母鸡和鸡蛋的问题”意味着生活环境对精神健康的影响很难说清楚。故选D。 6．How did researchers collect evidence for the study? A．By quoting authoritative experts. B．By interviewing healthy volunteers. C．By researching on a previous theory. D．By comparing volunteers' amygdala activity. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“To achieve causal...traffic in Berlin”可知，为了获得因果证据，该小组的研究人员对63名健康志愿者在Grunewald森林或柏林交通繁忙的购物街散步一小时前后的大脑活动进行了检查。据此可以推知，研究人员通过比较志愿者的杏仁核活动来为这项研究收集证据。故选D。 7．What contribution did Simone Kühn and his team mainly make? A．Confirming the assumption of nature's benefits to brain health. B．Supporting a commonly held view of urban exposure. C．Revealing the link between age and mental health. D．Identifying the causes of mental health problems. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The results support...prove the causal link”可知，研究结果支持了之前假设的自然和大脑健康之间的正相关关系，但这是首次证明因果关系的研究。据此可知，Simone Kühn和他的团队的主要贡献是证实了自然对大脑健康有益的假设。故选A。 8．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．Benefits of a regular walk in nature. B．The focus of the follow­up research. C．An appeal for living in urban regions. D．Nature's positive effects on women and children. 解析　B　段落大意题。通读最后一段可知，为了调查自然对不同人群和年龄组的有益影响，研究人员目前正在进行一项研究，研究调查了在自然环境和城市环境中散步一小时对母亲和婴儿的压力有何影响。据此可知，最后一段主要讲的是进一步研究的重点。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·重庆质量调研) Ways to Build Resilience(适应力) Being resilient isn't about avoiding misfortune，but rather how we respond to it.Resilience means doing well in the face of risk or difficulty. __1__ Being resilient can help you manage stress，lower your chances of depression，and has even been proven to make people live longer.To build resilience，the experts suggest the following： Start with reaching out for support.Lack of social support can lead to decreased resilience.While it's easy to let go of important relationships in our busy lives, __2__ Good relationships are a pillar(柱状物) of rock for resilience and are a source of support when the times get tough.And cultivating your sense of humor is also a plus. __3__ Humor helps you to gain perspective during hard times.It also improves your sense of well­being through an increase in dopamine(多巴胺) levels in your brain，and can ultimately increase your overall health. __4__ Having goals and dreams increases resilience.A lack of purpose and goals reduces resilience and may leave you open to being taken advantage of，manipulation (操纵)，and poor life choices; it reduces your sense of control over your life，which can easily lead to depression and anxiety. Be a person of action.Being idle can lead to less resilience，but being active and tackling your problems head­on can promote your ability to deal with tough situations. __5__ Instead，do something about the situation. A．it is vital to make room for them. B．Then find a sense of purpose in life. C．it is exciting to embrace the unknown. D．Hard times call for looking at the lighter side. E．Try to avoid thinking deeply about negative thoughts or ideas. F．It is also the ability to bounce back from tough situations. G．Ask questions until you feel like you have a firm grasp of a situation. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了增强适应力的建议。 1．解析　F　根据空前的“Being resilient isn't about...doing well in the face of risk or difficulty”可知，此部分在解释resilient的含义，该空与前面内容在意义上连贯，F项“它也是一种从困境中恢复的能力”。故选F。 2．解析　A　根据该空前面的部分可知，此部分讲的是寻求支持，因为缺乏社会支持会导致适应力下降。根据该空前的逗号可知，空处句子的首字母应为小写，故可从选项A和C中找答案；空处所在句为主从复合句的主句，从句指的是尽管在忙碌的生活中，我们很容易放弃重要的关系。由此可知，A项“为它们腾出空间很重要”更为恰当。故选A。 3．解析　D　该题可用词汇复现法做出。根据该空前面提到的“the times get tough”以及后面的“Humor helps you to gain perspective during hard times”可知，该空前后都提到了艰难时期，由此可知，D项“艰难时期需要看到较光明的一面”符合语境。故选D。 4．解析　B　该空可用结构衔接和词汇衔接做题法做出。该空位于第三段的段首，纵览全文发现第二、三、四段的首句分别为该段的主题句。根据词汇衔接法并结合第三段后面的内容“Having goals and dreams increases resilience”可知，B项“然后找到生活的意义”适合。故选B。 5．解析　E　根据该段首句可知，此部分讲的是做一个有行动的人。根据空后的“Instead，do something about the situation”可知，E项“尽量避免深入思考消极的想法”符合语境。故选E。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2023·苏州八校联考)Porcelain，also called fine china，1.________ (feature) its delicate texture，pleasing color, and refined sculpture，has been one of the 2.________ (good) artworks introduced to the Western world through the Silk Road. The earliest one 3.________ (find) made of kaolin (高岭土) in the Shang Dynasty (1046BC－1600BC), and possessed the common aspects of the smoothness and unaffected quality of hard enamel (搪瓷)，while pottery wares (陶器) were more widely used among most of the ordinary people. Anyway it was the beginning. In the following dynasties, due 4.______ its durability and shine，porcelain rapidly became 5.________ necessity of daily life，6.________(especial) in the middle and upper class. It was made 7.________ the form of all kinds of items，such as bowls，cups，tea sets, vases，jewel cases，musical instruments and boxes, as well as pillows for traditional doctors to feel one's pulse. Through the 8.______ (develop) of over 4，000 years, now it is still a brilliant kind of art that attracts thousands of people. The Porcelain Capital, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Province, 9.________ has been praised for thousands of years, will be certain 10.________ (satisfy) your appetite for beauty. [语篇解读]　　 本文为一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国瓷器的发展、特征以及应用。 1．解析　featuring　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语是has been，feature 在句中作非谓语，与逻辑主语Porcelain 形成主谓关系，故填featuring。 2．解析　best　考查形容词最高级。此处考查固定表达one of the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数，意为“最……之一”，故填best。 3．解析　was found　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合时间状语in the Shang Dynasty(1046 BC－1600 BC)可知，时态用一般过去时；主语The earliest one与find之间形成了被动关系；主语The earliest one表第三人称单数概念，故填was found。 4．解析　to　考查介词。此处考查固定表达due to，意为“由于”，故填to。 5．解析　a　考查冠词。necessity作“必需品”讲时为可数名词，结合句意“迅速成为日常生活的必需品”可知，此处为泛指。necessity的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 6．解析　especially　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后文的介词短语，应用副词，故填especially。 7．解析　in　考查介词。此处考查固定表达in the form of，意为“以……的形式”，故填in。 8．解析　development　考查名词。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，应用名词形式，故填development。 9．解析　which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处形成了一个非限制性定语从句。先行词为表示物的名词短语 The Porcelain Capital，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。 10．解析　to satisfy　考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定表达be certain to do sth，意为“一定会做某事”，故填to satisfy。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$