必修第一册 Unit 4 Friends forever（word练习）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P490] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·佛山教学检测)It's no secret now that the more time we spend on social media, the more we feel dissatisfied with ourselves. We tend to compare ourselves to influencers and celebrities—so it's easy to understand how that can affect our confidence. But, how often have you found yourself comparing your life to your friends? Engaging with social media shared by our friends can be more damaging than looking at contents shared by celebrities, new research has found. The study looking at how social media affects body image found that any social media engagement was significantly associated with lower “ appearance satisfaction”. Additionally, it found that engaging with contents posted by people the participants knew was more than twice as damaging as looking at contents posted by strangers, including celebrities. Viren Swami, Professor of Social Psychology at Anglia Ruskin University, believes this is partly because we know it's hard to attain the lives of celebrities or influencers, but when we're comparing ourselves to our friends, it feels like we should—or could—live the way they do. “One possible explanation is that people may perceive a post showing appearance as being much more attainable if it comes from someone they know, adding expectation or pressure on the person engaging in the post，” he said. “At the same time, people may be more critically engaged with posts by the likes of models and celebrities, and therefore perceive the images they share to be more unrealistic.” This isn't just confined to body image though. We all have one area in our lives that triggers (触发) us. Maybe you've been searching for a new job for months and you find yourself on social media, envying your school friend who just landed their dream role. Maybe... All this is to state the obvious：We only see part of people's lives—and if it's getting you down, you're probably comparing your insides to other people's outsides. Everyone has their struggles and life is indeed not perfect for anyone. So, put down your phone, get offline, be thankful and try to live your own life. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项新研究，该研究发现朋友的帖子对人们的影响比名人的更大，人们更容易与朋友进行比较。作者建议人们放下手机，心存感激，努力过好自己的生活。 1．What did the new study find? A．Social media invites unfavorable comments. B．Friends' posts affect us more than celebrities'. C．Celebrities have a negative influence on our life. D．Body image causes more concern than social life. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Engaging with social media shared by our friends can be more damaging than looking at contents shared by celebrities”可知，新研究发现朋友的帖子对我们的影响比名人的更大。故选B。 2．Why are we more likely to compare with our friends according to Swami? A．They serve as role models. B．We know the way they live. C．Their lifestyles seem to be accessible. D．We are curious about their life. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据文章第四段“...because we know it's hard to attain the lives of celebrities or influencers, but when we're comparing ourselves to our friends, it feels like we should—or could—live the way they do.”可知，根据斯瓦米的说法，我们更容易与朋友进行比较是因为他们的生活方式似乎更容易得到。故选C。 3．What does the underlined word in paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Restricted. B．Related. C．Devoted. D．Exposed. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“We all have one area in our lives that triggers us.Maybe...Maybe...”可知，画线词所在句的意思是：但这不仅仅局限于身体形象。所以画线词可能的意思是“受限制的”。related“相关的，有联系的”；devoted“挚爱的，忠诚的”；exposed“暴露的”。故选A。 4．What does the author suggest people do? A．Find your dream and fight for it. B．Stop comparing and be yourself. C．Be grateful and lead a perfect life. D．Stop complaining and get down to work. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Everyone has their struggles and life is indeed not perfect for anyone.So，put down your phone, get offline，be thankful and try to live your own life.”可知，作者建议人们停止比较，做自己。故选B。 B (2023·福州调研)An economist，Adam Smith，famously wrote that “It is not from the benevolence(仁慈)of the butcher，the brewer or the baker，that we expect our dinner，but from their regard to their own interest.”Like Smith，many economists today believe one's self­interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies. Yet，in an increasingly interconnected society，it is even more crucial to have cooperative skills.Thus we should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future. Firstly，cooperation is an especially prized soft skill in the present age.As a study proves，soft skills such as good communication and empathy(同情)indicate outstanding employees as compared to technical skills or knowledge.In contrast，extremely competitive and individualistic behavior may damage social relations in the community of co­workers.Even the most competent employee may fail to pursue his goals effectively without others' help. Moreover，encouraging cooperation can boost children's self­respect that better prepares them for the competitive world.Many modern societies are consumed by a crazy drive for success and the pressure to perform has infiltrated both classrooms and offices，causing higher rates of anxiety and depression among people.Teamwork can help an individual realize each has his or her own unique abilities and that another person's strengths don't discount his or her talents.Thus，cooperation can confirm children's self­worth by correcting the insight that the paper achievement is the only measure of success. However，critics may claim adapting to competition should be given priority in education and parenting.To achieve one's ambitions，one has to actively fight for opportunities and distinguish oneself from others.Nevertheless，since passion can already stimulate children to fulfill their ambitions，the need to encourage competition may be at the end of the day.As much as external competition can drive people to pursue excellence，internal motivation is at least equally or even more essential，and cooperation plays an instrumental role in helping one uncover one's motivations. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。在联系日益紧密的社会中，教育孩子们树立合作意识是非常重要的。 5．What can be inferred from Adam Smith's words? A．Our society is increasingly interconnected. B．Our dinner is made out of the regard to markets. C．Self­interest pushes the development of economies. D．The butcher，the brewer or the baker is not sympathetic. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like Smith”可知，Adam Smith的话与当今许多经济学家的观点相似，即“one's self­interest is what drives competition and growth in market economies”。因此，从Adam Smith的话中可推断出自我利益推动经济的发展，故C项正确。故选C。 6．What does the underlined word“infiltrated”in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Brightened. B．Decorated. C．Defended. D．Entered. 解析　D　词义猜测题。画线词前讲到了“modern societies”，而画线词后提到“both classrooms and offices”，并陈述了“the pressure to perform”的危害，即“causing higher rates of anxiety and depression among people”，因此，代入选项验证可知，与画线词意思最为接近的应该是“进入”，故D项正确。故选D。 7．Which of the following might the author agree with? A．The paper achievement is the only measure of success. B．One's ambitions can be achieved through cooperation. C．Competition is not necessary for people to pursue excellence. D．Actively fighting for distinguishing oneself should be prioritized. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段中的“Teamwork can help an individual realize each has his or her own unique abilities...confirm children's self­worth”可推知，作者可能会同意合作可以帮助一个人实现目标。故选B。 8．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage? A．To introduce the advantages of cooperation. B．To compare cooperation with competition. C．To suggest enhancing competitive skills. D．To advocate teaching children to cooperate. 解析　D　写作意图题。本文是一篇议论文。根据本文论点，即第一段中的“we should encourage cooperation to better prepare children for the future”可知，作者写这篇文章旨在支持教育儿童多合作，故D项正确。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 At any moment，you or someone around you could experience an injury or an illness.In this case，you need to provide basic medical care for yourself or the person.This is known as first aid.Using basic first aid，you may be able to stop a small accident from getting worse. __1__ In some cases，first aid consists of the initial support provided for someone in the middle of a medical emergency. __2__ In other cases，first aid consists of the care provided for someone with a small injury.For example，first aid is often what is needed to treat burns，cuts and insect stings (蜇伤).And if you come across an emergency situation，follow these three basic steps： Check the scene for danger.Watch out for anything that might be dangerous，like signs of fire or falling pieces.If your safety is at risk，remove yourself from the area and call for help. __3__ Don't move them unless you must do so to protect them from danger. __4__ If you suspect the sick or injured person needs emergency medical care，tell a nearby person to call 911 or the local number for emergency medical services.If you're alone，make the call yourself. Provide care. If you can do so safely，remain with the sick or injured person until professional help arrives. __5__ If you have basic first aid skills，try to treat any life­threatening injuries they have.Remove yourself from danger if you think your safety might be at risk at any point in the situation. A．Call for medical help，if needed. B．Provide emergency medical services. C．This support might help them survive until professional help arrives. D．If the scene is safe，assess the condition of the sick or injured person. E．In case of a serious medical emergency，you may even save a life. F．Cover them with a warm blanket，comfort them and try to keep them calm. G．If they have difficulty breathing，loosen any clothing around their chest and neck. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了急救的重要性和遇到紧急情况进行急救时应注意的事项。 1．解析　E　空前一句讲到了进行基础的急救可以阻止小的意外恶化，因此，空处应该会进一步讲到严重情况下急救的重要性，故E项符合语境。故选E。 2．解析　C　根据空后的“In other cases”可知，空处与前文联系密切。空前提到了“initial support”，空处承接上文应该会继续讲一些与最初的救助相关的内容，故C项“这种救助也许能帮助他们在专业救援抵达之前存活下来”符合语境，且C项中的“This support”与“initial support”呼应。故选C。 3．解析　D　根据本段的主旨句“Check the scene for danger”可知，本段主要讲到了急救时应注意查看环境是否危险。空前已经提到“If your safety is at risk”，空处应该会讲到当环境安全时你该怎样做，故D项符合语境。故选D。 4．解析　A　根据第三段和第五段首句可知，空处为第四段的主旨句。根据本段讲到的“tell a nearby person...make the call yourself”可知，本段主要讲到了如有必要则打电话求救，故A项适合作本段的主旨句。故选A。 5．解析　F　根据“Provide care”和空前的“remain with the sick or injured person until professional help arrives”可知，空处应该会讲到提供护理的具体举措，故F项符合语境。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2023·日照校际联考)Do you know Dunhuang？Dunhuang is home to the Mogao Grottoes, 1.________ UNESCO World Heritage Site，elements of which are 2.________ display in an ongoing exhibition at the National Base for International Cultural Trade in Beijing. Painted sculptures and other splendid items of cultural heritage have been reproduced，while the caves 3.________ are now closed have been reproduced in digital form. The exhibition area, 4.________ (cover)some 1，600 square meters，features the results of research on nearly 50 sets of cultural relics from the Dunhuang Academy. 5.________ the real grotto in Dunhuang is no longer open to the public，the digitally 6.________ (restore)grotto can be preserved forever in the digital space. Opening in July，the exhibition will last for three years. It is the first time that the Dunhuang Academy 7.________ (hold)such a long exhibition in Beijing. By the end of 2021，the “digital Dunhuang project” had completed the digital 8.________ (collect)of 268 grottoes. Such projects have provided a means of preserving China's splendid cultural heritage for future generations，while making it more 9.________ (wide)available both at home and abroad. It is hoped that the “digital Dunhuang” will not only allow more audiences to experience the artistic charm of Dunhuang, 10.______ also promote exchanges between cultures along the Belt and Road under new historical conditions. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。敦煌是联合国教科文组织世界遗产莫高窟的所在地，北京国家国际文化贸易基地正举办一场关于莫高窟元素的展览。 1．解析　A　考查冠词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，UNESCO World Heritage Site和the Mogao Grottoes构成同位语，空处填入不定冠词表泛指，即“一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产地”，且UNESCO的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2．解析　on　考查介词。on display“展出”，是固定搭配。故填on。 3．解析　that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为caves，且所填词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。 4．解析　covering　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作定语，cover与主语The exhibition area为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填covering。 5．解析　Although/Though/While　考查连词。此处是说尽管真正的石窟不再向公众开放，但经过数字修复的石窟在数字空间中可以永远保存下来。空处引导让步状语从句，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Although/Though/While。 6．解析　restored　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作定语修饰grotto，restore与grotto是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填restored。 7．解析　has held　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这是敦煌研究院第一次在北京举办这么长时间的展览。在“It is the first/second/third/...time＋从句”结构中，从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时；又因the Dunhuang Academy为第三人称单数，故填has held。 8．解析　collection　考查词形转换。空处作had completed的宾语，应用其名词形式，且此处特指268个石窟的数字采集。故填collection。 9．解析　widely　考查词形转换。空处修饰形容词available，应用副词形式。故填widely。 10．解析　but　考查连词。not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，是固定用法。故填but。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$