必修第二册 UNIT 6 THE ADMIRABLE（word练习）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（北师大版）

[对应学生用书P503] A级　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·福州名校调研考试)Should we be thrilled that，for the first time in a century，Australia went more than a week without using any coal to make electricity？While some are welcoming this as a sign that the country is going green，the bigger picture is less encouraging. For one thing，renewables supplied only 23 per cent of electricity during this coal­free period，while 45 per cent came from natural gas. In the past decade，the country has gone from getting a third of its electricity from coal to obtaining more than a third from renewables like onshore wind on average. Australia now gets 11 per cent of its electricity from “renewable” biomass(生物质能燃料)，much of it using imported wood. But forest campaigners say swapping coal for wood isn't truly renewable and is actually doing huge damage to the environment. For another，Australia is off­track when it comes to meeting its long­term targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions(排放).Producing electricity without burning fossil fuels is relatively easy. But it is much harder to heat homes，to make cement and steel，to grow food and to power cars，ships and planes without producing any greenhouse gases. In view of this，we should handle the energy and climate crises at the same time by finding climate­friendly alternatives to coal. Australia has now stopped the financial aid that drove its renewables revolution.So growth in renewable energy is expected to come to a stop in a decade. The global renewables revolution seems to be following the same trend. The International Energy Agency(IEA) recently announced that the world added 180 gigawatts(吉瓦)of solar，wind，hydropower and bioenergy in 2018，the same as in 2017.But IEA said we must add 300 gigawatts a year to have a chance of limiting global warming to under 2 ℃ by 2100.So we should cheer the end of coal，but continue to worry about how it will be replaced. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。我们应该为澳大利亚“无碳周”感到兴奋吗？虽然一些人将其视为该国的环保举措，但从宏观角度上看它却并不那么鼓舞人心。 1．In the“coal­free week”，what did Australia use most to make electricity? A．Natural gas. B．Onshore wind. C．Biomass. D．Wood. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“renewables supplied only 23 per cent of...while 45 per cent came from natural gas”可知，在“无碳周”，45%的电力来自天然气，故A项正确。 2．What can be inferred about the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in Paragraph 2? A．Positive results are tracked. B．Long­term goals are ambitious. C．Additional efforts are required. D．Climate change is unavoidable. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Australia is off­track when it comes to meeting its long­term targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions(排放)”并结合本段的陈述可以推断，在减少温室气体排放问题上，澳大利亚还需要付出更多努力，故C项正确。 3．What can we learn about renewable energy in Paragraph 3? A．It ought to be replaced. B．It will see an adequate increase. C．It starts a revolution in Australia. D．It needs constant financial aid. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Australia has now stopped the financial aid...come to a stop in a decade”可以推知，可再生能源的变革需要持续的资金援助，故D项正确。 4．What is the author's attitude towards the coal­free week? A．Skeptical. B．Optimistic. C．Thrilled. D．Ambiguous. 解析　A　观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Should we be thrilled that...the bigger picture is less encouraging”可知，作者对“无碳周”持怀疑态度，故A项正确。 B (2024·重庆八中测试)Michael Faraday was an English chemist and physicist born in a working class on 22 September，1791. Faraday's father suffered from long­term health problems that often impeded his work. As a result, Faraday's family had little money and Faraday got a very little formal schooling. But Faraday had an active curiosity and determination to learn. While working in London as a teenager, he had access to a wide range of books and he read everything he could get his hands on. By doing a lot of reading, Faraday soon educated himself on many scientific subjects, and his life as a scientist began. In 1812, Faraday attended four lectures at the Royal Institution given by a famous chemist named Humphrey Davy. Afterwards Faraday sent a letter to Davy, expressing a strong interest in the subjects covered in the lectures and offering his services as a lab assistant. A year later, Davy accepted Faraday as his lab assistant. Thanks to his work with Davy, Faraday got a complete scientific education. He soon began to research and experiments with electricity. Although his time was mostly spent helping Davy, Faraday began to work on his own as a chemist and scientist of great importance. When Davy retired in 1827, Faraday took his place as the head of the chemistry department of the Royal Institute. Upon taking up the position he could focus on his own research, and Faraday's most influential and celebrated work began in the 1830s. In1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction(电磁感应), a breakthrough in the field of technology. In 1846 he gave a lecture that presented important ideas about the nature of electricity, and these later inspired the historical work of James Maxwell related to electromagnetic field theory. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了迈克尔·法拉第的家庭背景、学习和工作经历、科学成就等。 5．What does the underlined word “impeded” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Stopped. B．Saved. C．Changed. D．Increased. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Faraday's father suffered from long­term health problems(法拉第的父亲患有长期的健康问题)”和下一句“As a result, Faraday's family had little money and Faraday got a very little formal schooling.(因此，法拉第的家庭几乎没有钱，法拉第也很少接受正规教育。)”可知，法拉第的父亲长期身体不好，家里没有多少钱，法拉第也很少接受正规教育， 由此可推测，身体原因影响了法拉第父亲的工作，所以impede意为“妨碍，阻碍”，与stop意思相近。故选A。 6．What do we know about Faraday's teenage life? A．He didn't go to school. B．He lived a carefree life. C．He learned science on his own. D．He got much help from his parents. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“By doing a lot of reading, Faraday soon educated himself on many scientific subjects, and his life as a scientist began.(通过大量阅读，法拉第很快就自学了许多科学科目，他的科学家生涯开始了。)”可知，青少年时期的法拉第自学了科学方面的知识。故选C。 7．Why did Faraday offer his services to Davy? A．To earn more money. B．To show respect for Davy. C．To learn more about Davy. D．To learn more about science. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Afterwards Faraday sent a letter to Davy, expressing a strong interest in the subjects covered in the lectures and offering his services as a lab assistant.(之后，法拉第给戴维寄了一封信，表达了他对讲座中涉及的主题的浓厚兴趣，并提供了实验室助理的服务。)”可知，法拉第对戴维的讲座非常感兴趣，主动提出为他当实验室助理，由此可推测，他想要以一个学习者的身份提供帮助从而获得学习科学知识的机会。故选D。 8．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The help Davy gave to Faraday. B．The turning point in Faraday's life. C．Faraday's academic achievement. D．Faraday's influence on James Maxwell. 解析　C　主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Upon taking up the position he could focus on his own research, and Faraday's most influential and celebrated work began in the 1830s. In 1831, he discovered electromagnetic induction(电磁感应), a breakthrough in the field of technology. In 1846 he gave a lecture that presented important ideas about the nature of electricity, and these later inspired the historical work of James Maxwell related to electromagnetic field theory.(上任后，他可以专注于自己的研究，法拉第最有影响力和最著名的工作始于19世纪30年代。1831年，他发现了电磁感应，这是技术领域的一个突破。1846年，他发表了一次演讲，提出了关于电的本质的重要思想，这些思想后来启发了詹姆斯·麦克斯韦与电磁场理论有关的历史著作。)”可知，本段主要与法拉第的学术成就相关。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·长沙高三联考)Friendships can enrich your life in many ways. Good friends teach you about yourself and challenge you to be better.__1__. So how do friendships contribute to your well­being? Friends encourage healthy behaviors One possible explanation for those health benefits is that friendships can help you make lifestyle changes that can have a direct impact on your well­being. For example, your friends can help you set and maintain goals to eat better and exercise more. __2__ If you find yourself going through a hard time, having a friend to help you through can make the transition (转变) easier. Research also shows that happiness is contagious (有感染力的) among friends. One study of high school students found that those who were depressed were twice as likely to recover if they had happy friends.__3__. Friends help build your confidence __4__. But supportive friends can help you feel more confident by offering praise when you're feeling unsure. They'll shine a light on just how amazing you are and how much you have to offer others. Friends push you to be your best Great friends have the power to mold(塑造) you into the best version of yourself.__5__. They encourage you and push you to do better and be the person you want to be—your “ideal self”． A．Friends help you beat stress B．Friends give you emotional support C．They also have a positive impact on your health D．They see you and love you for who you truly are E．Friends can also help you cope with stressful situations F．Everyone has self­doubts and insecurities every now and then G．Likewise, kids were half as likely to develop depression if their friends had a “healthy mood” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。好朋友让你了解自己，让你变得更好，本文主要介绍友谊对你的幸福的作用。 1．解析　C　根据上文的“Good friends teach you about yourself and challenge you to be better.(好朋友让你了解自己，让你变得更好。)”可知，此处谈论好朋友对你的帮助，C项：They also have a positive impact on your health (它们对你的健康也有积极的影响)，其中的also与上文形成递进关系，该项与下文的“So how do friendships contribute to your well­being？(那么友谊对你的幸福有何贡献呢？)”衔接自然。故选C。 2．解析　B　根据下文的“having a friend to help you through can make the transition (转变) easier.(有一个朋友来帮助你，可以让你更容易转变。)”和“Research also shows that happiness is contagious (有感染力的) among friends.(研究还表明，快乐会在朋友之间传播)”可知，好朋友对于人们的情绪转变是有帮助的，因为happiness是属于“情绪”范畴的。B项：Friends give you emotional support (朋友给你情感上的支持)符合语境。故选B。 3．解析　G　根据上文的“One study of high school students found that those who were depressed were twice as likely to recover if they had happy friends.(一项针对高中生的研究发现，那些抑郁的人如果有快乐的朋友，康复的可能性会增加一倍。)”可知，对高中生的研究发现快乐的朋友帮助抑郁的人康复的机率增大。G项：Likewise, kids were half as likely to develop depression if their friends had a “healthy mood”(同样，如果他们的朋友有“健康的情绪”，孩子患抑郁症的可能性会降低一半。)与上文衔接，尤其是信息提示词 Likewise起到关键的提示作用。故选G。 4．解析　F　根据本段的标题“Friends help build your confidence(朋友帮助你建立自信)”可知该段介绍的是朋友帮助你建立自信。又根据空后的“But supportive friends can help you feel more confident by offering praise when you're feeling unsure.(但支持你的朋友可以在你不确定的时候给予表扬，让你感觉更自信。)”可知，支持的朋友能帮你感觉更加自信，与上文形成转折关系。F项：Everyone has self­doubts and insecurities every now and then (每个人都会时不时地自我怀疑和缺乏安全感)符合要求。故选F。 5．解析　D　根据本段的标题“Friends push you to be your best(朋友督促你做最好的自己)”可知，本段主要介绍的是朋友们帮助你成为最好的自己。又根据空后的“They encourage you and push you to do better and be the person you want to be—your ‘ideal self’．(他们鼓励你，推动你做得更好，成为你想成为的人——你的‘理想自我’。)”可知，朋友们会鼓励你成为你想要成为的那个人，与D项：They see you and love you for who you truly are (他们看到并爱着真实的你)与上下文构成衔接关系，而且They指代上文的“Good friends”。故选D。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2023·广东六校联考)Volunteering has been a way of life for me for the past five years since I was fifteen. In 2020，I __1__ with a newly founded social enterprise，which conducted cooking lessons for visually impaired (受损的)trainee __2__．I absolutely loved it as it involved meaningful __3__ with people and I was fully __4__ throughout the entire time I was there. This was unlike some other types of volunteering，which may involve mostly behind­the­scenes work that can get __5__ after a while. We called ourselves “sighted assistants”and each of us was __6__ with a visually impaired trainee chef. As a volunteer，I would walk with the trainee to the Enabling Village __7__，and then ensure their __8__ as they learned to cook a new dish.This included helping them __9__ the position of the sink，ensuring proper use of electrical appliances，__10__ boiling and hot objects，as well as being careful with knives among other things. Being there with them made me truly __11__ how difficult life can be when you are __12__ or completely blind. Every tiny task __13__ massive effort.There are so many people with __14__，I realised. While medicine still does not have the power to cure all of these conditions，we are never short of ways to empower these individuals by making life __15__ and more meaningful for them. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者当志愿者帮助有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪，这样的经历使作者领悟到一些道理。 1．A.met B．cooperated C．started D．volunteered 解析　D　根据第一段“Volunteering has been a way of life for me for the past five years since I was fifteen”可知，在2020年，作者自愿(volunteered)加入一家新成立的社会企业，该企业为有视觉障碍的见习厨师提供烹饪课程。 2．A.managers B．volunteers C．chefs D．doctors 解析　C　考查词汇复现。根据下文中的“a visually impaired trainee chef”可知，此处应选C项。chef“厨师”。 3．A.interaction B．appointment C．greeting D．conflict 解析　A　根据下文中的“with people”可知，此处表示的是和人们之间的互动(interaction)。appointment“约会”；greeting“问候”；conflict“冲突”。 4．A.confused B．engaged C．surprised D．disturbed 解析　B　根据语境可知，作者全程应是忙着的(engaged)。confused“困惑的”；surprised“惊讶的”；disturbed“不安的”。 5．A.promising B．frightening C．challenging D．boring 解析　D　结合常识可知，幕后工作应是很快就变得无聊(boring)了。promising“有前途的”；frightening“令人恐惧的”；challenging“挑战性的”。 6．A.faced B．compared C．paired D．equipped 解析　C　根据上文“We called ourselves‘sighted assistants’”可知，作者作为助手应是为有视觉障碍的见习厨师提供帮助，即每个人都匹配了一名厨师。face“面对”；compare“比较”；equip“装备”。 7．A.lesson B．enterprise C．room D．kitchen 解析　D　根据常识可知，作者帮助有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪，此处应该表示去厨房(kitchen)。 8．A.satisfaction B．safety C．pleasure D．success 解析　B　根据下文“This included helping...among other things”可知，当有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪时，他们会遇到很多问题，而志愿者在身边会确保他们的安全(safety)。 9．A.leave out B．miss out C．figure out D．point out 解析　C　根据空后的“the position of the sink”可知，此处表示弄清楚(figure out)洗碗槽的位置。leave out“不包括”；miss out“遗漏”；point out“指出”。 10．A.avoiding B．touching C．approaching D．feeling 解析　A　根据空后的“boiling and hot objects”及常识可知，应是避免(avoiding)接触沸腾和热的物体。touch“触摸”；approach“接近”；feel“感到”。 11．A.appreciate B．imagine C．predict D．think 解析　A　根据下文中的“how difficult life can be when you are __12__ or completely blind”可知，作者通过此次志愿者的经历理解了视觉障碍者的生活的艰难。 12．A.temporarily B．partly C．accidentally D．originally 解析　B　根据下文中表示选择关系的“or”可知，和他们在一起让作者真正体会到当部分(partly)或完全失明时，生活会多么艰难。 13．A.simplifies B．causes C．takes D．offers 解析　C　根据上文“how difficult life can be when you are __12__ or completely blind”可知，失明使生活不容易，因此生活中的每一个小任务都需要巨大的努力。simplify“使简化”；offer“提供”。 14．A.disabilities B．difficulties C．determination D．power 解析　A　根据文章内容可知，作者意识到有很多残疾人。disability“缺陷，障碍”；difficulty“困难”；determination“决心”；power“力量”。 15．A.luckier B．tougher C．happier D．easier 解析　D　此处与上文的“how difficult life can be”相呼应，作者认为我们不缺少方法让这些人的生活变得更容易(easier)。 B级　写作规范练 Ⅰ.语法填空 (2023·广州调研测试)The need for speed is so deeply rooted in modern society that we often forget to press the pause button and think about the things that get 1.________ (good) with time：antiques，aged wine，long­term relationships and expertise over the years. Peking Opera is a slow process too. An often­repeated saying goes as follows：three minutes on stage，10 years 2.________ stage. It's meant as a nod to its demanding nature and a reminder of its high standards that ensure that any performance 3.________ (do) in the way the forefathers wanted. Peking Opera is demanding because of the extensive list of skills it 4.________ (require).A performer is an actor，a singer，a dancer，an acrobat，a mime and martial artist all rolled into one. They're also expected 5.________ (apply) delicate make­up，put on heavy costumes and, 6.________ (depend) on their character，perform on stage in 15cm platform shoes. There is so much to take in 7.________ disciples (门徒) usually start their career as young children，spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage. So what chance does 8.________ theatre beginner with little patience and zero flexibility like me stand against Peking Opera? Do I have what it takes to put on a 9.________ (success) show? There's only one way to find out：I'm rolling up my sleeves and training under the 10.________(guide) of senior stage masters in the field. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了关于京剧的一些知识。 1．解析　better　考查形容词比较级。结合常识和本句描述可知，此处指随着时间变化而变得更好的东西，故填better。 2．解析　off　考查介词。结合本句描述可知，此处是中国谚语“台上三分钟，台下十年功”。对应表台上的介词on，此处指的是台下，故填off。 3．解析　is done　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。此处描述了一个客观事实，时态用一般现在时；do意为“做”，与主语是被动关系；主语any performance为单数概念。故填is done。 4．解析　requires　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在定语从句中作谓语。此处为客观描述，时态用一般现在时；require意为“需要，要求”，与主语是主动关系；主语it指代京剧，为单数概念。故填requires。 5．解析　to apply　考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定表达be expected to do sth，故填to apply。 6．解析　depending　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语。depend与主语They是逻辑上的主动关系，故填depending。 7．解析　that　考查固定句型。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处为so...that...结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，故填that。 8．解析　a　考查冠词。结合句意可知，此处泛指“一个戏剧初学者”，且theatre的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 9．解析　successful　考查形容词。空后show是名词，应用形容词修饰，且此处表示“成功的”，故填successful。 10．解析　guidance　考查名词。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，故填名词guidance。 Ⅱ.应用文写作 (2023·连云港高三统考)假如你是李华，你的朋友Caroline发来邮件向你求助，她近来因考试成绩不佳，深受打击，逐渐对学习失去信心，请你给她写一封回信，帮助她重拾信心。具体内容如下： 1．给予安慰；2.提出建议；3.加以鼓励。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Caroline， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua One possible version： Dear_Caroline， I am terribly sorry to hear that you have trouble in study and lose confidence. I am writing to express my genuine concern and share with you some suggestions that might be of some help on it. First of all, it is wise of you to work on positive thinking because a positive thinking will lead to positive results. Don't worry about letting yourself or others down. Additionally, it is strongly advised that you'd better set realistic goals and break the overall goal into smaller ones, which makes it easy for you to get a sense of accomplishment. I am firmly convinced that you will regain confidence with your efforts. Please contact me with any other questions. Looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li_Hua Ⅲ.读后续写 (2023·河南高三联考)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Kuppan was a good badminton player. His rise within the ranks of the badminton players of the school was impressive but unusual. One day he was nothing, the next he was a member of the school team. In the School Championships, he sprang a surprise by knocking out the top seed, Richard Lee, in the semi final. In the final, he easily beat another competitor Abdul Rauf by 15­3 and 15­10. He was the School Champion. It was unbelievable. The previous year he did not even get past the first round. This year he was the champion. Success got into his head. He began to think he was really good. In fact, he arrogantly (傲慢地) told Richard Lee and the others that they would never beat him again. He claimed he was simply too good for them, in a league of his own. Well, it was true that Kuppan was a good and skillful player. He had natural ability and talent. So he picked up the game very quickly and soon became the best. However, he did not realize that nobody can remain at the top all the time. What goes up must certainly come down. Kuppan thought he could stay up indefinitely. The other players were annoyed by Kuppan' s declaration. They resolved to train harder to beat the guy who had insulted (羞辱) them. They even trained on their own every day while Kuppan wandered around talking with pride about his success. The State Individual Championships were coming up，so was the Interschool Tournament. The school's coach worked hard to improve the school players. All of them trained hard, except Kuppan. He would miss training or perform half­heartedly. He was more interested in entertaining the admirers that had gathered around him. He thought he was too strong to be defeated. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 The State Individual Championships reached us in time. _________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Kuppan tried to make a difference in the second round. ___________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version： The State Individual Championships reached us in time. At 7：30, Kuppan stepped onto the court confidently to meet his unknown competitor. It would not take long to finish the first round, he thought. The moment the first service was played, Kuppan found it was not going to be as easy as he had thought. He had great trouble performing his shots. After ten minutes on the court, he was sweating and out of breath. He looked washed out and listless. A couple of minutes later he lost the first round by 9­15. Kuppan tried to make a difference in the second round. His competitor was simply too good for him. Kuppan was defeated in the second round by 1­15. It was a great shame for him. He could not believe it but there he was. The next day the coach told Kuppan he had been dropped from the school team for the coming Interschool Tournament. Kuppan realized how foolish he had been. He now knew that pride comes before a fall. He had to learn this the hard and painful way. He would not like to repeat this ever again. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$