选择性必修第二册 UNIT 5 EDUCATION（晨背美时篇）（word教参）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（北师大版）

UNIT 5　EDUCATION [对应学生用书P442] 一、背熟单词 阅读词汇 1．lose his eyesight 失明 2．a straightforward character 一种坦率的性格 3．become liquid as a result of heating由于加热而变成液体 4．a weak ray of light 微弱的光线 5．make a breakthrough 取得突破 6．according to the definition 根据定义 7．autonomous region 自治区 8．the royal family 王室 9．BCE (before Common Era) 公元前 10．The Romance of the Three Kingdoms《三国演义》 11．Confucius philosophy 孔子哲学 核心单词 1．significance n. 重要性，意义 2．promote vt. 促进，增进 3．sympathy n. 同情，同情心 4．insist vi. 坚称；坚持主张 5．severe adj. 很严重的 6．stubborn adj. 固执的，执拗的；倔强的 7．tendency n. 倾向 8．superb adj. 极好的，卓越的 9．eyesight n. 视力 10．relate vi. 理解；相联系 11．technique n. 技巧，手法 12．stream n. 水流 13．precious adj. 宝贵的 14．grasp vt. 理解，领会 15．gradual adj. 逐渐的，逐步的 16．vocabulary n. 词汇量 17．complex adj. 复杂的；难以理解的 18．gently adv. 轻柔地；温和地；平缓地 19．apparent adj. 显而易见的；明白的 20．forehead n. 额，前额 21．vivid adj. 生动的，逼真的 22．gain vt.　　　　　获得，赢得，取得；受益 23．pursue vt. 追求 24．critical adj. 批评的，批判的 25．moral adj. 道德(上)的 26．regardless adv. 不管；不顾 27．circumstance n. 境况，状况；情况，情形 28．citizen n. 公民；市民 29．brilliant adj. 聪颖的，才华横溢的 30．obvious adj. 显然的，明显的；易理解的 31．rank n. 等级 32．worthy adj. 有价值的；值得尊敬的 33．church n. 教会；教堂 34．universe n. 宇宙 35．abandon vt. 放弃；抛弃 36．owe vt. 有……是由于；把……归功于 37．shadow n. 阴影 38．vital adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的 39．mankind n. 人类 40．routine n. 惯例，常规；例行公事 41．motion n. 运动 42．timetable n. 时间表，日程表；时刻表 43．facility n. 设施，设备 拓展单词 1．consistent adj.一贯的，一致的→consist vi.由……组成；在于；符合 2．analyse vt.分析，剖析→analysis n．分析，剖析 3．educator n．教育工作者→educate vt.教育；教导，指导→education n．教育→educational adj.教育(方面)的；有教育意义的→educationalist n．教育(学)家 4．evaluate vt.评估，评价→evaluation n．评估，评价 5．exceptionally adv.极其，非常；例外地；罕见地→exceptional adj.杰出的，非凡的；例外的→exception n．例外；除外→except prep.除了……之外 6．restriction n．限制，规定，约束→restrict vt.限制，约束→restrictive adj.限制的，限定的 7．unbearable adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的→bear vt.忍受；承受→bearable adj.可以忍受的 8．troublesome adj.令人烦恼的；引起麻烦的→trouble n．问题，麻烦 9．excitement n．兴奋，激动→excite vt.使激动；使兴奋→excited adj.激动的→exciting adj.令人激动的 10．painful adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的→painfully adv.令人痛苦地；艰难地→pain n．痛；痛苦 11．enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→enthusiastically adv.热情地，热心地→enthusiasm n．热情 12．expand vi.& vt.(使)扩大；增加→expansion n．扩大；扩充；扩张 13．puzzle vt.使困惑，使迷惑n.谜；难题→puzzling adj.令人困惑的；费解的→puzzled adj.困惑的；茫然的 14．disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的→disappoint vt.(使)失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n．失望 15．contribute vi.& vt.奉献，捐献→contribution n．奉献，捐献 16．finance n．金融；财政→financial adj.金融的；财政的 17．expose vt.使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露→exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的；风险高的→exposure n．接触；暴露 18．surrounding adj.四周的，附近的→surround vt.包围；围绕→surroundings n．环境 19．judgement n．判断力；意见，评价；判决→judge v．判断 n．法官；审判员 20．behave vi.表现→behavio(u)r n．表现；行为 21．conclusion n．结论→conclude vt.推断出；得出结论vi.结束，终结 22．definition n．定义，释义→define vt.下定义；界定 23．responsibility n．责任→responsible adj.有责任的 24．priority n．优先处理的事；优先权→prior adj.优先的；较重要的；先前的；早前的 25．stimulate vt.刺激，促使，促进→stimulation n．刺激，激励，激发 26．assess vt.评价→assessment n．评价；估价 27．inefficient adj.效率低的，能力差的→efficient adj.效率高的；有能力的→efficiency n．效率 28．approve vt.赞成；赞许；批准→approving adj.赞成的；赞许的；同意的→approval n．赞成；赞许；批准→disapprove vt.不赞成，反对 29．urge vt.强烈要求；敦促→urgent adj.紧急的→urgency n．急迫；急事 30．assumption n．假定，假设→assume vt.假定，假设→assuming conj.假设；假定 31．respected adj.受尊敬的，受敬重的→respect vt.尊敬 n．尊敬；方面→respectable adj.值得尊敬的；得体的→respectful adj.尊敬的；恭敬的 32．wisdom n．智慧→wise adj.智慧的 33．beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的→benefit vt.对……有益 vi.受益于n.利益 34．arrange vt.排列，布置→arrangement n．排列，布置 二、背热考单词 1．consist vi. 组成；在于；一致 归纳拓展 (1)consist mainly/largely of...主要由……组成 consist in＝lie in在于；取决于 (2)be consistent with...和……一致/与……相符 (3)be made up of/be composed/comprised of由……组成 make up组成 写作佳句 ①Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness consists in struggle.人生主要由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐在于奋斗。(读后续写主旨升华) ②The breakfast, consisting of/made up of/composed of/comprised of porridge and sandwich, smelt extremely delicious.早餐由粥和三明治组成，闻起来美味极了。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) 2．sympathy n. 同情；赞同 归纳拓展 (1)have/feel (no) sympathy for sb (不)同情某人 express/offer sympathy表达/表示同情 get sympathy from sb 得到某人的同情 in sympathy with...赞同/支持 in/with sympathy同情地 (2)be/feel sympathetic to/towards...同情…… 写作佳句 ①I'm writing to express my sympathy for your falling ill during your stay in Beijing.你在北京突然生病，我写信深表同情。(应用文之劝慰信) ②Mrs. Meredith had sympathy for/was sympathetic to the poor, so when she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them. Meredith太太同情穷人，因此每当她有时间她都会给他们带来食物和药品。(新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) 3．insist vi.& vt. 坚持；坚决要求 归纳拓展 (1)insist on/upon (doing) sth 坚持(做)某事 (2)insist that从句，从句用陈述语气，表“坚持说……” (3)insist (that) sb/sth (should) do，从句用should do形式， should可省略，表“坚持主张；坚决要求” 写作佳句 ①The Student Union insists that every participant (should) arrive at the hall on time.学生会坚决要求每个参与者按时到达大厅。(应用文之通知) ②My mother insisted that the video should be posted online, so I had to give in to her.我妈妈坚持要把视频发到网上，所以我只好让步了。(2021·浙江卷，读后续写) 4．expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务) 归纳拓展 expand into 发展成；扩展到 expand on/upon 详细阐述；详述 expand one's knowledge/horizons拓展知识/开阔视野 写作佳句 ①We took part in a voluntary activity last Friday, which expanded our horizons.我们上周五参加了一个志愿者活动，该活动开阔了我们的视野。(应用文之活动介绍) ②It was at the class meeting that our teacher expanded on the details of the activity.我们老师在班会上进一步说明了这个活动的细节。(2021·全国甲卷，求助信) 5．disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)be disappointed to do sth 因做某事而失望 be disappointed at/with/by sth 对某事感到失望 be disappointed that...对……感到失望/沮丧 disappoint sb 使某人失望/沮丧 (2)to one's disappointment使某人失望的是 in disappointment失望地 ①Disappointed at his failing to win a prize, he locked himself in his room.他因未能获奖而失望的把自己锁在房间里。(读后续写情感描写) ②A look of disappointment flashed across his face.他的脸上掠过失望的神情。(读后续写神态描写) 6．circumstance n. [常pl.]条件；环境；状况 归纳拓展 in/under the circumstances在这种情况下 in/under no circumstances决不；无论如何不(置句首，主谓部分倒装) If circumstances permit/allow如果情况允许的话 写作佳句 ①If circumstances permit, I will take immediate action to achieve my dream.如果情况允许的话，我会立即采取行动实现梦想。(2021·天津卷，短文投稿) ②Embarrassed, I reminded myself that under no circumstances would I commit such a mistake again.我尴尬极了，提醒自己绝不会再犯这样的错误了。(2021·浙江卷，读后续写) 7．approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)approve sth 通过/批准某事 approve of (sb/sb's) doing sth 同意(某人)做某事 (2)win one's approval 得到某人的批准/同意 give (one's) approval to 同意；批准 ①Hopefully, you can approve of my ideas and perfect our library.希望你能同意我的想法并改造图书馆。(应用文之建议信) ②The teacher gave his approval to us making a video to record our experiences at school.老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们在校的经历。 8．abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)abandon oneself to (doing) sth ＝be abandoned to (doing) sth 陷入/沉湎于(做)某事 (2)abandon (doing) sth 放弃(做)某事 (3)with abandon 放纵地；放任地 ①Abandoning myself to/Abandoned to computer games, I performed badly in the final exam.我沉迷于电脑游戏，期末考试考得很差。(应用文之求助信) ②We should abandon those bad habits that are harmful to our health，such as smoking and drinking.我们应该摒弃那些对我们健康有害的坏习惯，如吸烟、喝酒等。 9．urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事 (2)urge sth/sb on 催促某物/某人前进 urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 urge that...(should) do sth 极力主张……做某事 It is urged that...(should) do sth 坚决要求……做某事 ①Our teacher urges us to study hard with the final exam drawing near.随着期末考试的来临，老师督促我们努力学习。 ②I was embarrassed, but I fought the urge to run off the stage.我感到很尴尬，但我抑制了想跑下台的冲动。(读后续写之情感描写) 10．respect n．& vt. 尊敬；尊重 归纳拓展 (1)respect sb for sth 因某事而尊重某人 (2)show/have respect for...尊敬/重视…… out of respect for...出于对……的尊敬 in this/that respect在这/那方面 in respect of/with respect to关于；至于 (3)give/send one's respects to sb 向某人问候 (4)win/earn/gain the respect of sb 赢得 写作佳句 ①She has been devoted to her work, for which I respect her a lot.她全身心投入工作，我非常敬重她这一点。(全国Ⅰ卷，参赛短文) ②Bernard learned to help others in trouble, winning/gaining/earning the respect of his neighbors.伯纳德学会了帮助有困难的人，赢得了邻居们的尊敬。(新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) 11．owe vt. 欠(账、债、情等)；归因于，归功于 归纳拓展 (1)owe sb sth＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物 owe...to...把……归功于…… owe an apology to sb/owe sb an apology应向某人道歉 owe it to sb that...多亏某人…… (2)owing to因为；由于 写作佳句 ①I owe an apology to you for failing to go outing with you this Sunday.本周日我不能和你去郊游，我得向你道歉。(2021·北京卷，道歉信) ②Bernard owed it to the kind family that he could earn some money to help support his poor family.伯纳德将自己能挣些钱来帮助他的贫困家庭归功于这好心的一家人。(新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) 12．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的，充满生机的 归纳拓展 (1)be vital to/for... 对……至关重要 It is vital to do sth 做某事很重要 It is vital that...(should) do sth做某事是十分重要的 (2)be of vital importance 至关重要的 写作佳句 ①No matter what the result is, the friendship between/among countries is of vital significance, which should be attached importance to.无论结果如何，国与国之间的友谊都是至关重要的，应该得到重视。(2023·衡水中学素养提升五) ②As is known to us, a balanced diet is vital for/to one's health.众所周知，均衡饮食对一个人的健康是至关重要。 13．shadow n. 坏影响；阴影 v. (shadowed, shadowed, shadowing) 投下阴影；跟踪 归纳拓展 写作佳句 cast a shadow on给……蒙上阴影 in the shadow在阴暗处 in/under the shadow of 在……近旁；被(某人的光彩)所掩盖 shadows under sb's eyes某人的黑眼圈 ①Tom always lives in/under the shadow of his brother, which makes him discouraged.汤姆总是生活在他哥哥的阴影之下，这让他很沮丧。 ②The ship's sail cast a shadow on the water.船帆在水面上投下影子。 三、背语块短语 核心短语 1．regardless of不管；不顾 2．in conclusion最后 3．have a tendency to do sth有做某事的倾向 4．relate to理解；有关 5．hold up举起 6．open up开放，开启 7．be eager to do sth渴望做某事 8．be enthusiastic about对……有热情 9．put one's arm round/around sb搂住某人 10．keep on doing sth继续做某事 11．work on从事 12．in a flash突然，一瞬间 13．to start with首先，作为开始 14．be used to doing习惯于 15．go against反对；对……不利 16．come to one's defence 为某人辩护 单元语块 1．an exceptionally special girl 一个非常特别的女孩 2．get a mental picture of 在脑海中想象 3．write about her excitement 描述了她的兴奋之情 4．the key to language 学习语言的关键 5．as much as she can 她尽可能多地 6．a gradual and sometimes painful process 一个渐进的，有时痛苦的过程 7．an abstract concept 一个抽象概念 8．such a complex word 如此复杂的一个词 9．point to the sun 指着太阳 10．in that vivid moment 就在那个动人的时刻 11．acquire knowledge and understanding 获取知识和理解 12．a search engine 搜索引擎 13．hold an important rank 身居要职 14．the interest of most people 大多数人的兴趣 15．stand still 静止不动 16．put him in prison 把他关进监狱 17．step out from the shadows 走出阴影 18．the kingdom of knowledge 知识王国 19．things to fight for 追求的东西 20．be easy to understand 容易理解 四、背单元佳句 1．Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.(because引导原因状语从句，unless引导条件状语从句) 她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。 2．I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.(形式宾语it) 我感到奇怪，为什么老师不能告诉我什么是爱。 3．It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch.[It's the first time (that)...] 这是海伦第一次理解这样一个复杂的词——一个她不能触摸到实物的词。 4．Now that Helen grasped the key to language，she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.(now that...) 由于掌握了语言的要点，海伦很渴望学到更多，并且尽可能多地使用语言。 5．It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these primitive ideas as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle (384­322 BC).(It is not surprising that...) 人们愿意相信这些陈旧的观点并不奇怪，因为那是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384—公元前322)提出来的。 6．He is doing this even though it is raining heavily.(even though引导让步状语从句) 尽管雨下得很大，他还是在做这件事。 7．As a result，children enjoy learning，and this gives them confidence and makes them happy.(give双宾语，make复合结构) 因此，孩子们喜欢学习，这给了他们信心，让他们快乐。 五、背续写素材——动作描写之“动头” 短语 ①drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one's head 低头 ②bury one's head under the quilt 把头埋在被子里 ③nod one's head 点头 ④shake one's head 摇头 ⑤raise one's head 抬头 ⑥rest one's head on/against把头靠在……上面 ⑦scratch one's head 挠了挠头 ⑧head for/towards 朝……走去 范文 　　Steven walked slowly to the bus, with his head down and tears in his eyes(with复合结构). His friend John nodded his head and smiled at him. Though he was in a bad mood(though引导让步状语从句), he dropped/lowered/hung his head to hide it and managed a smile. When he got home, he buried his head under the quilt, pretending to be asleep(现在分词作状语). However, his mother stopped her housework, raising her head with surprise in her eyes. Then Steven rose, sat close to his mother, rested his head on/against her shoulder, and could hardly resist weeping. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$