必修第二册 UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE（晨背美时篇）（word教参）-【导学教程】2025年英语新编高考大一轮总复习（北师大版）

UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE [对应学生用书P395] 一、背熟单词 阅读词汇 1．natural disasters 自然灾难 2．severe drought 严重旱灾 3．flood damage 洪涝灾害 4．be caught in a hurricane 遇上了飓风 5．be at risk from a landslide 处于滑坡的风险下 6．a wildlife photographer 野生动物摄影师 7．respect for all living creatures 对所有生物的尊重 8．an insect bite 蚊虫叮咬 9．take measures to prevent extinction of whales 采取措施防止鲸灭绝 10．The kangaroo is indigenous to Australia.袋鼠原产于澳大利亚。 11．a herd of deer 一群鹿 12．take a hike in a jungle 在丛林中徒步旅行 13．greenhouse effect 温室效应 14．a tube of toothpaste一管牙膏 15．overseas students 外国留学生 16．in a small town nearby 在附近的一个小镇 17．polar explorers 极地探险家 18．the continent of Africa非洲大陆 19．a metal pipe金属管 核心单词 1．comment n.　 评论；意见 2．crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满人的 3．soil n. 土壤 4．climate n. 气候 5．lecture n. 讲座，讲课；演讲 6．overuse vt. 过度使用；滥用 7．million n. 百万 8．title n. 题目，标题 　　　vt. 加标题 9．wave n. 海浪；波涛；(情感的)一阵 10．escape vi.& vt. 逃离；逃避 11．float vi. 浮；漂 12．file n. 档案，卷宗 13．soul n. 灵魂 14．edge n. 边缘 15．rescue n．& vt. 营救；救援 16．vehicle n. 交通工具，车辆 17．trap vt.　困住；使陷于危险中 18．attempt n．& vt. 努力，尝试，企图 19．damage n. 伤害，损伤，损害 20．measure vt. 估量，衡量；测量 21．site n. 场所，地点 22．process n. 过程，进程 23．battle n. 较量，竞争；斗争；战斗 24．duty n. 职责，义务；责任 25．suffering n. (肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨 26．dust n. 灰尘；尘埃 27．captain n. 上校；队长；组长 28．base n. 基地，大本营；基础 　　 　vt. 以……为基地 29．distant adj. 久远的；遥远的 30．shelter n. 避难所 31．varied adj. 各种各样的，形形色色的 32．scary adj. 可怕的，恐怖的 33．harmless adj. 无害的 拓展单词 1．eruption n．爆发→erupt v．爆发；喷出 2．ecology n．生态；生态学→ecological adj.生态学的；生态的 3．shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信 n．震惊；休克；冲击→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的,4.survive vi.& vt.活下来；幸存→survival n．幸存→survivor n．幸存者 5．poetry n．诗歌；作诗的艺术→poem n．诗；诗歌→poet n．诗人 6．mystery n．神秘事物，难以理解的事物→mysterious adj.神秘的；不可思议的 7．frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frighten v．使受惊；使惊恐 8．horrible adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的→horror n．恐惧，害怕；令人惊恐的事→horribly adv.害怕地；可怕地；极其地 9．curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇心 10．observation n．观察；观察结果→observe v．观察；注意到；庆祝；遵守 11．equal adj.相等的；相同的；平等的→equally adv.同样地；平等地→equality n．平等 12．interrupt vi.& vt.打断讲话→interruption n．打断，打扰；中断时间 13．death n．死，死亡→die v．死亡→dying adj.垂死的→dead adj.失去生命的；不再使用的 14．loss n．丧失；死亡→lose vt.失去；丢失；使迷路→lost adj.丢失的；迷路的 15．operation n．行动，活动；手术；操作→operate v．运转；做手术；操作→operator n．接线员；操作者 16．conduct vt.实施；执行；进行vi.& vt.指挥→conductor n．指挥；售票员 17．protection n．保护；防护→protect v．保护；防护→protective adj.保护的；防护的 18．breathe vi.&vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地 19．explorer n．探险者；勘察者→explore v．探索；探究；勘察→exploration n．探索；探究；勘察 20．preparation n．预备，准备→prepare v．准备；预备 21．anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地；担忧地→anxious adj.焦虑的，担心的→anxiety n．忧虑，焦虑 22．ambition n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitious adj.有雄心的；野心勃勃的 23．cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheer v．使高兴；欢呼n.欢呼声 24．prove vt.证明；证实→proof n．证据 25．honesty n．坦诚；诚实，正直→honest adj.诚实的→dishonest adj.不诚实的 26．sincerity n．真诚，真挚，诚实→sincere adj.真诚的→sincerely adv.诚挚地 27．bravery n．勇气；勇敢的行为→brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地 28．disappearance n．消失；消亡→disappear vi.消失；消亡；灭绝→appear vi.出现linking v．看来；似乎 二、背热考单词 1．flood n. 洪水；大量 vi.& vt. 淹没，(使)泛滥，使灌满水；大量涌入，充满，挤满 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)a flood of...一大批…… in floods of tears泪如雨下 (2)flood in/into/out of大量涌入；蜂拥而出 表“情感”的名词＋flood over sb 某人非常/深感…… flood back涌上心头 (3)be flooded with充满/挤满…… ①Sweet memories came flooding back and Jane was in floods of tears.甜蜜的回忆涌上心头，简哭得像个泪人似的。(读后续写情感描写) ②A great sense of relief and pride flooded over my father. 我的父亲深感宽慰和骄傲。(读后续写情感描写) ③She drew the curtains and the sunlight flooded in.她拉开窗帘，阳光洒了进来。(读后续写写景) 2．shock vt. (使) 震惊 n. 休克；震惊，令人震惊的事shocked adj. 感到震惊的shocking adj. 令人震惊的 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)shock sb 使某人震惊 (2)be a shock to sb 对某人而言是一件震惊的事 in shock吃惊地；震惊地 (3)be shocked at sth 对某事感到震惊 be shocked to do sth 因做某事而感到震惊 ①What shocks us most is that the ocean is becoming severely polluted.最令我们震惊的是，海洋正受到严重污染。(2022·全国甲卷，短文) ②The news came as quite a shock to us.这个消息令我们都很震惊。(读后续写情感描写) ③On a cold morning, I opened the door and was shocked to find him badly injured.一个寒冷的早晨，我打开门，震惊地发现他受了重伤。 3．escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱 归纳拓展 (1)escape (doing) sth 逃避(做)某事 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避 sth (the name/date/title等) escapes sb 某人记不起某事(名字/日期/名称等) escape sb's attention/notice逃过某人的注意 (2)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生 写作佳句 ①The girl looks quite familiar, but her name escapes me. 这个女孩看起来很眼熟，但是我想不起她的名字了。 ②He goes out to work on the car to escape from him. 他到外面去修车以此迴避见到他。(读后续写之动作细节) 4．survive vi. 生存，存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)survive on靠……生存；靠……维持生活 survive sth 幸免于某事；从某事中挺过来，活过来 survive sb by＋时间段 比某人多活…… (2)survive from...as...作为……留存下来 ①The ancient building survived from the Tang Dynasty as a museum.这栋古建筑从唐朝留存至今被用作了博物馆。(应用文之短文投稿) ②Life isn't about how to survive storms, but how to dance in the rain.生活不在于挺过暴雨，而在于在风雨中力求欢乐。(读后续写主旨升华) 5．curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)be curious about sth 对某事感到好奇 be curious to do sth 极想做某事 (2)curiosity n. 好奇心 with curiosity 好奇地 out of curiosity 出于好奇 (3)curiously adv. 好奇地 ①If you are curious about the history of our school or concerned about its future, you mustn't miss this excellent opportunity！如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇或者关心学校的未来， 你不要错过这次好机会。(应用文之邀请信) ②What's more, the competition will serve as a platform to explore your curiosity.另外，这场竞赛将充当一个平台，以发掘你的好奇心。 6．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的 归纳拓展 (1)be equal to (doing) sth能胜任；比得上；等于 feel equal to doing sth感觉有能力做某事 (2)A equals B (in...)A(在……方面)比得上B (3)without equal/have no equal无与伦比 (4)be of equal importance＝be equally important同样重要 写作佳句 ①For another, be positive and cheerful, for your mental health is equal to your physical health.其次，要积极向上、心情愉快，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。(应用文之建议信) ②Learning to tell the difference between the true and the false is equally important.学会区分正误信息同样重要。(2021·全国乙卷，发言稿) 7．rescue v. (rescued, rescued, rescuing) 营救，解救 n. 救援，营救 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)rescue...from...把……从……营救出 (2)come to one's rescue来营救某人 (3)rescuer n．救援者；救助者 ①It took the rescuers 80 minutes to rescue the trapped men from the mine.救援人员花费了80分钟才将被困的人从矿井中救出。 ②It was the brave young man that rescued the poor old man from the burning house.正是这个勇敢的年轻人将那个可怜的老人从着火的房子中救出来的。 8．trap vt. (trapped, trapped, trapping) 储存，留存；使困住，使陷入圈套，使陷入困境 n. 陷阱，圈套，捕捉器 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)trap sb into (doing) sth 使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套；使某人中计 be/get trapped in...被困在……中 (2)fall into the trap of doing sth 落入做某事的圈套 ①I'm often trapped in some new words when reading English.我读英语时，经常被一些不认识的单词难住。(应用文之求助信) ②Whatever you do, don't fall into the trap of thinking that you're always right.不管你做任何事情，千万不要落入思维误区，认为你总是对的。 9．attempt n．& vt. 企图；试图；尝试 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事 at the first attempt第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth 为了做某事；努力做某事 (2)attempt to do sth 努力做某事；企图做某事 ①If you fail at the first attempt, there is no need to be upset about it.如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要为此沮丧。(应用文之劝慰信) ②Later, the cat leapt onto the bed. Not wanting cat hair on the bed, I attempted to chase her away.后来，猫跳到床上。我不想床上有猫毛，就试图把她赶走。(读后续写人与动物) 10．loss n．丧失；损失 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)the loss of... 失去…… a sense of loss 失落感 (be) at a loss 感到迷惑；不知所措 (2)be lost in sth 专注于某事/某物； 沉浸于某事/某物 be lost to the world 全神贯注 ①The snowy mountaintops formed beautiful scenery, leaving us at a loss for words.白雪皑皑的山顶构成了美丽的风景，美得无法用语言形容。(读后续写之写景) ② Lost in those stories, I always find myself less stressed.沉浸在这些故事中，我总会觉得自己压力小了很多。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文) 11．measure n. 措施；方法 vt.测量；度量；估量 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)measure...by... 用……来衡量…… be measured by/in... 用……来衡量/计算 (2)take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施做某事 make sth to sb's measure 照某人的尺寸做某物 ①What I want to stress is that we should take some measures to make good use of online learning.我想强调的是，我们应该采取一些措施来好好利用在线学习。(2021·全国乙卷，书面表达) ②Although I know beauty shouldn't be measured by a good shape, it's time for me to take measures to lose weight.虽然我知道美丽不应该用好身材来衡量，但是是时候我该采取措施减肥了。 12．prove vt.证明；展现；证实(用作系动词)；证明是 归纳拓展 (1)prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事 prove sb/sth (to be)＋adj./n.证明某人/某物…… It is proved that... 据证明…… (2)prove (to be)＋n./adj. 证明是；结果是 (3)There is no proof that... 没有证据表明…… 写作佳句 ①Online learning has proved an important means for people to acquire knowledge and solve problems.网络学习已证明是人们学习知识和解决问题的重要手段。(2021·全国乙卷，发言稿) ②The accident proved to me that nothing is more precious than life.这次事故向我证明了生命最珍贵。(读后续写之主旨升华) 13．observe vt.观察(到)；注视；遵守 归纳拓展 (1)observe sb do sth 观察某人做某事(全过程) observe sb doing sth 观察某人正在做某事 observe sb/sth done...观察到某人/物被……(被动的动作) (2)observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则 observe the Spring Festival 过春节 写作佳句 ①What I want to stress is that we should also observe the rules of online learning.我想强调的是，我们也应该遵守在线学习的规则。(2021·全国乙卷，书面表达) ②Upon approaching the house, I observed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck, looking sad.一走近房子，我就注意到我的爸爸和妈妈站在旧卡车旁边，看起来很悲伤。(2021·浙江6月卷，应用文) 14．harm n．& vt.伤害；损害 归纳拓展 写作佳句 (1)harm one's health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉 (2)do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害 There is no harm in doing sth 做某事没有害处 (3)be harmful to... 对……有害 ①For the benefit of people, the local government closed down some factories which had done a lot of harm to the environment.为了人民的利益，当地政府已经关闭了一些对环境有极大危害的工厂。 ②As is known to all, smoking is harmful to health.众所周知，吸烟有害健康。 三、背语块短语 核心短语 1．turn one's back (on sb/sth)对……置之不理，对……撒手不管 2．in the direction of朝……方向 3．on the edge of在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事) 4．at great speed高速地 5．be/become curious about对……感到好奇 6．in the end最后 7．pick up去接(某人)；拿起；捡起；营救，搭救 8．breathe in吸气 9．run out用完；耗尽 10．on the way to...在去往……的路上 11．have difficulty with sth在某事方面有困难 12．break down停止运转，出故障；失败；垮掉 单元语块 1．body and soul 身心 2．less than a single day不到一天 3．be of the same size 同样大小 4．as you can see正如你所看到的 5．become less wild变得不那么狂野 6．at great speed 全速 7．die in such a way就这样死去 8．make progress 取得进步 9．be unable to recognise me没能认出我 10．prepare for the return journey 准备回程 11．find time to look for rocks抽空去寻找岩石 12．be covered by plants被植物覆盖 13．ahead of their planned schedule 比原定计划提前 14．in the history of exploration 在探险史上 15．the weather conditions 天气状况 16．hopeless situation 绝望的处境 17．a bad fall 重重地摔了一跤 18．fail to win the race未能赢得比赛 四、背单元佳句 1．The moment I heard the word I became very frightened.(the moment引导时间状语从句) 我一听到这个词就非常害怕。 2．I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.(as if引导方式状语从句) 我觉得恶心，好像我在梦中从山顶上摔下来一样。 3．...the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell...(the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……) ……物体越大，下落越快…… 4．Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(倒装句) 接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。 5．He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.(have复合结构) 他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在雪板上。 6．Find a shelter where you can stay.(where引导定语从句) 找一个你可以躲避的地方。 7．That leaves the wolves with nothing to eat，so they start attacking the farmers' animals.(with复合结构) 狼没什么吃的了，所以它们开始攻击农夫的动物。 五、背续写素材——情感描写之“紧张” 单词 nervous, uneasy, tense, anxious, nervously, tension, anxiety, tremble, shake 短语 ①one's heart be/fly into one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼 ②a flood/wave of tension 一阵紧张 ③with/have butterflies in one's stomach 心里发慌 ④tremble with anxiety 焦虑不安 范文 　　When I was standing backstage, nervousness/tension came flooding over me. When my name was called I could feel butterflies in my stomach. My trembling legs brought me onstage, and I could feel my palms sweating and heart racing (feel＋宾语＋宾补). However, the hall crowded with audience made me even more uneasy (make＋宾语＋宾补). My heart was pounding/thumping hard, as if it were about to pop(虚拟语气). I stood there so nervously that I felt my throat tight, wondering what to do next. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$