内容正文:
专题09 中考句子翻译
知识点一:中考句子翻译题的做题步骤
步骤1:寻找句中的考点及固定搭配
看到一个句子,首先就要弄清楚这道题要考我们什么,这里有哪些固定搭配。要知道每个句子通常都会包含几个知识点或者说固定词语搭配。
例如:
1.如果有空,你可以多花点时间和父母交流。
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【答案】If you are free, you can spend more time communicating with your parents.
【解析】分析中文可知,该句是复合句,“如果有空”是条件状语从句,该复合句符合“主情从现”的时态规则。“如果”if,“有空”be free,所以从句翻译成:If you are free;“可以”can,“多花点时间做某事”spend more time doing sth,“和某人交流”communicate with sb,“你的父母”your parents,所以主句翻译成:you can spend more time communicating with your parents。故答案为:If you are free, you can spend more time communicating with your parents.
2. 他过去常常坐在树下看书,但是现在他习惯在房间里阅读。
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【答案】He used to read books under the tree,but now he is used to reading in the room.
【解析】这句话涉及的固定搭配主要是“过去常常做某事”和“现在习惯做某事”这两个词组,分别是“used to do”和“be used to doing”。所以答案是“He used to read books under the tree,but now he is used to reading in the room.”。
步骤2:确定句子的时态和语态
时态和语态是我们初中英语学习的重点内容,也是中考英语考查的热点。我们从卷面上看,不少同学常常因为时态和语态的错误,而导致丢分。因此,大家一定要注意时态和语态,根据句意和时间状语,来确定时态语态,以便确保准确翻译。
例如:
确定时态:最近几年,越来越多的外国朋友对扬州文化感兴趣。
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【答案】More and more foreign friends have been interested in the culture of Yangzhou in recent years.
【解析】根据句意可知,越来越多:more and more;外国朋友:foreign friends;对……感兴趣:be interested in;文化:culture;最近几年:in recent years。由“in recent years”可知,句子应用现在完成时,其结构为:have/has+过去分词。主语是foreign friends,因此助动词用have。故填More and more foreign friends have been interested in the culture of Yangzhou in recent years.
确定语态:这个男孩经常被告知该如何和别人相处。
The boy is often _______________________________________.
【答案】told (about) how to get on/along with/how he can get on/along with others
【解析】tell告诉,与空前的is构成被动结构,此处tell应用过去分词形式,后可以跟介词about,构成短语tell about“告诉”;how如何,引导宾语从句;get on/along with sb,此处可以用“疑问词+不定式”的结构,也可以用宾语从句的形式,从句中含有情态动词can;others别人。故填told (about) how to get on/along with/how he can get on/along with others
步骤3:把握句型结构,避免中式英