08.宾语从句-2024年中考英语最后读记练(通用版)

2024年中考英语最后读记练(通用版) 08.宾语从句 【要点读记】 引导词 引导词的作用 例句 that 本身无意义,只起连接作用,口语中可省略 He said that Kate was good at swimming.他说凯特擅长游泳。 what,which, who,whose, whom等连接 代词 在从句中作一定的成分,如主语、宾语、定语等 I don’t know what they are going to do.我不知道他们打算干什么。 He asked me whose the book was.他问我这本书是谁的。 when(表时间),where(表地点),why(表原因),how(表方式)等连接副词 在从句中作状语 Can you tell me where you are from?你能告诉我你来自哪里吗? Do you know how they found the place?你知道他们是怎么找到那个地方的吗? if/whether 意为“是否”,不作句子成分,但不能省略 He asked me if Miss Gao was a teacher.他问我高小姐是否是一位老师。 1.主句与从句时态一致的问题 (1)如果主句是现在或将来的某种时态,那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如: I remember he gave me a book yesterday.我记得他昨天给了我一本书。 He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.他已告诉我明天他就动身去纽约了。 (2)如果主句是过去的某种时态,那么宾语从句一般要用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。如: He told me that he would join in the talk.他告诉我他将会参加讨论。 (3)如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。如: He told me that the earth is round.(真理)他告诉我地球是圆的。 2.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序。在把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时,要特别注意从句的语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序。如: Do you know what Kate’s e-mail address is?你知道凯特的电子邮件地址吗? 3.宾语从句的连接词 (1)that引导的宾语从句。如: The teacher told us that she was a good girl.老师告诉我们她是一个好女孩。 注意:that用于下列情况时不可省略: ①当宾语从句的主语是that时。如: He said that that was a useful book.他说那是一本有用的书。 ②当宾语从句中的状语或状语从句置于该从句句首时。如: I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it,you must pay for it.我恐怕如果你已经丢了它,你必须赔偿。 ③当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中的that可以省略外,其余从句中的that 都不可以省略。如: He said(that)the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much. 他说这部电影非常有趣,并且他非常喜欢看。 (2)whether/if引导的宾语从句。如: He asked me if/whether I was from Japan.他问我是不是来自日本。 He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV.他问我是否喜欢看电视。 (3)特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。如: Could you tell me when he left for Japan?你能告诉我他什么时候去的日本吗? 4.否定转移 当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定形式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。如: I don’t think he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。 5.宾语从句的简化 (1)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。如: I hope that I can receive your e-mail.=I hope to receive your e-mai