内容正文:
Section 4 Grammar—名词从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句)
先会观察 悟考点
课前观察 自主领悟
语法图解
观察句子
①What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
②The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.
③What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.
④It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.
⑤What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.
⑥So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
⑦Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.
⑧We all believed that he would be back in two hours.
⑨That's why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
⑩Mary was late for school. It's because her mother was ill.
我的领悟
1.句①中的what在从句中作表语,句③中what在从句中作主语,句⑤中的what在从句中作宾语。
2.句②,⑥中的whether意为是否。
3.句④中的It是形式主语,真正的主语是
that water was to be fundamental to the development of life。
4.句⑦中的what引导宾语从句。
5.句⑧中的that引导宾语从句,可以省略。
6.句⑨中的why和句⑩中的because引导表语从句,不可省略。
精讲细点 通语法
语法课堂 高效学习
主语从句
一、定义
在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。
①What made people excited was that the solar ship had completed its aroundtheworld trip.
让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。
②It worried the woman that her son was always playing computer games.
儿子一直在玩电脑游戏,这让这个女人很担心。
二、主语从句的连接词及其句法功能
1.连接词that和whether/if
(1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分,本身无任何意义,只起连接作用,但不可省略。
That she survived the accident is a miracle.
她在事故中幸免于难简直是个奇迹。
(2)whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分,起连接作用,意为“是否”,不可省略。
Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown.
=It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out.
这个计划是否会实施还不知道。
注意 whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句中,但if引导的主语从句只能放在句中,前面需用it作形式主语。
【小练1】 完成句子
①That she could come to help us made us very happy.
她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴