UNIT 1 Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高一英语选择性必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment ………………………………◎ ①loose adj.不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的 let sth loose 释放；放任 ②bubble vi.起泡；冒泡 ③be covered with被……所覆盖 ④chilli (AmE chili) n．辣椒 ⑤pepper n．甜椒；胡椒粉 Sichuan pepper 花椒 ⑥onion n．洋葱，葱头 spring onion 小葱，香葱 ⑦tip vt.倒出，倾倒 ⑧quicken vt.(使)加快，加速；变得更活跃；使更活跃 ⑨damp adj.潮湿的，湿气重的 ⑩foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的 ⑪dynasty n．朝，代；王朝 ⑫expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述 ⑬multiple adj.数量多的，多样的 ⑭sauce n．调味汁，酱 ⑮appeal to sb 对某人有吸引力；向某人呼吁 ⑯plain adj.朴素的，简单的；清楚的 n．平原 ⑰slice n．薄片，片；部分，份额 vt.把……切成片；切开，割破 ⑱chef n．主厨，厨师 ⑲be famous for 因……而出名 ⑳in particular尤其，特别 without equal无与伦比；无敌；无比 property n．性质，特性；所有物，财产；不动产 appropriate adj.合适的 estimate vt.估计，估价 n．估计；估计的成本 consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间) hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要 Cantonese adj.广东人(或文化)的，粤语的 n．(pl. Cantonese) 广东人；粤语 dim sum n．点心 essential adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的 innovation n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法 a variety of 各种各样的 concept n．概念，观念 take off(产品、活动、事业等)腾飞，突然成功 stimulate vt.促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋 appetite n．食欲，胃口；强烈欲望 delicate adj.精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的 emphasis n．(pl. emphases) 强调，重视；重读 steam vt.& vi.蒸；散发蒸汽n.水蒸气；蒸汽动力；水汽 ◎……………………………… Eating in China 7 March，Sichuan hot pot The mouth­watering hot pots of Sichuan are as famous overseas as they are in China，and the hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose① rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon.I gave it my first try last night，together with a few local friends.As the soup bubbled② slowly over a gas burner in the middle of the table【1】，its surface was covered with③ a beautiful layer or chillies④，Sichuan peppers⑤，spring onions⑥ and red oil.Slowly at first，and then faster and faster，we tipped⑦ plates of fresh meat，fish and vegetables into the pot.The hot flavour quickened⑧ our laughter and conversation，making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends 【2】． 【1】as引导时间状语从句，as意为“当……时；随着”。 【2】动词­ing形式短语作状语；动词不定式短语to relax with friends作定语，修饰名词way。 Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp⑨，foggy⑩ climate in which they were invented【3】．They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty⑪ as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.In the beginning，the delicious dish was made simply by boiling vegetables，chillies and Sichuan peppers in water.Over time，it has expanded⑫ to include multiple⑬ options of soups，vegetables，meats and sauces⑭，appealing to⑮ people of different tastes【4】．What I love best about Sichuan hot pots【5】 is that they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends【6】 since a meal can last for hours【7】．I instantly became a big fan of Sichuan hot pots and I’ll soon be back for more! 【3】in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词climate。 【4】动词­ing形式短语作状语。 【5】what引导主语从句。 【6】that引导表语从句。 【7】since引导原因状语从句，since意为“因为，由于”。 12 August，Nanjing salted duck Salted duck is Nanjing’s most famous food export.Served plain⑯ in thin，white slices⑰，the meat is juicy and salty.Each Nanjing salted duck takes several days to prepare，and the process includes salting，drying，boiling and cooling.As I finished my first helping on a recent afternoon in Nanjing【8】，my host，Chef ⑱ Zhang，told me a little more about the dish. The countryside around Nanjing has been famous for⑲ its ducks for centuries; its countless waterways make the area perfect for raising waterbirds.A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised salted duck in particular⑳，saying it was without equal【9】．Traditionally，duck is considered to have cooling properties，so it is appropriate for the hot summer months.Nowadays，people eat salted duck all year round and it is estimated that tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing【10】！ It definitely hit the spot when I tried it，and it has become one of my personal favourites. 【9】动词­ing形式短语作状语。 【10】it作形式主语，that引导主语从句。 8 December，Cantonese dim sum In Guangzhou，morning tea is such an essential part of the daily routine that “Have you had your tea？” has become the local version of “Good morning.” Though teahouses have been common in China since the Tang Dynasty【11】，the Cantonese innovation of the mid­19th century was to serve tea【12】 together with a variety of light dishes，or dim sum.The concept took off，and today Guangzhou’s restaurants stimulate customers’ appetite with over a thousand offerings，each more delicate and delicious than the last. The Cantonese do not hurry over their breakfast，as I found when I visited a restaurant in Guangzhou’s old city centre this morning.The emphasis is rather on conversation about business，family or pleasure，and locals can spend hours together chatting，drinking tea and working their way through the menu.From beef balls to rice noodle rolls，there are various dishes that have been baked，boiled，steamed or fried【13】．A single visit is not enough to appreciate everything，and I have a long list of dim sum I still need to try【14】． 【13】that引导定语从句，修饰先行词dishes。 【14】画线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词dim sum，从句省略了关系代词that或which。 食在中国 3月7日，四川火锅 令人垂涎欲滴的四川火锅，闻名海内外，那火锅的风味足以温暖隆冬的寒夜，或在夏日的午后让人汗流如注。昨晚，我第一次尝试了四川火锅，是与几位当地的朋友一道吃的。桌子正中的煤气炉上，汤缓缓地冒着泡，表面覆盖着一层辣椒、花椒和红油，甚是好看。我们把一盘盘新鲜的肉、鱼和菠菜倒进锅里，一开始慢，到后来越来越快，热辣的味道让大家谈笑起来更有兴致，这顿饭成了与友人放松的最佳方式。 四川火锅非常适合其发源地潮湿多雾的气候。人们认为，火锅始自清末，当时是长江上的船工在湿冷的冬季取暖的一种方法。一开始，美味的火锅只不过是将蔬菜、辣椒和花椒用水煮。后来，火锅的内容逐渐丰富，包括各式汤底以及品种多样的蔬菜、肉和调料，满足了人们不同的口味。我最喜欢四川火锅的一点在于，它为朋友间的交往提供了很棒的机会，因为一顿饭能吃上好几个小时。我瞬间成了四川火锅的“铁杆粉丝”，我很快会再回来吃的。 8月12日，南京盐水鸭 盐水鸭是南京最有名的特色食品。鸭肉简单地切成白白的薄片，多汁带咸。每只盐水鸭都要经过腌、晾、煮、凉等工序，耗费数天制成。前几天下午，我在南京吃完我第一份盐水鸭后，做东的张大厨给我介绍了一下这道菜。 南京周边的乡村因为鸭子已经驰名中外数百年，这一带水网密布，非常适合养殖水禽。一本清末的地方志尤其盛赞盐水鸭，称其无与伦比。传统上鸭肉被认为性凉，所以适宜在炎热的夏季食用。如今，人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭，据估计南京人每天要吃掉数万只鸭子！我一尝，它正对我胃口，盐水鸭已经成了我最钟爱的美食之一。 12月8日，广东点心 在广东，早茶在日常生活中的地位是如此重要，以至于“饮茶未”(粤语，意为“你吃早茶了吗”)成了当地人问候早安的方式。虽说茶馆在中国从唐代开始司空见惯了，但19世纪中叶广东人的创新在于将茶佐以各种小菜或点心。这种观念时兴起来，如今广州的餐厅用一千多道点心刺激着食客的食欲，一道比一道精致、可口。 广东人用早餐并不匆忙，正如今天早晨我在广东老城区中心的一家餐厅所见的那样，重点是谈生意，话家常、说乐子。当地人可以花上几个小时一起谈天，饮茶，慢慢吃遍菜单上所有的点心。从牛丸到肥肠，烤、煮、蒸、炸的菜品各式各样，来一次不足以尝个遍，我列出了一个长长的清单，都是以后要品尝的点心。 一、整体理解 Match the main idea with each part. Part 1 (Paras.1～2) A.The introduction to Cantonese dim sum. Part 2 (Paras.3～4) B.The introduction to Sichuan hot pot. Part 3 (Paras.5～6) C.The introduction to Nanjing Salted Duck. 答案：　BCA 二、细节理解 Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．What food ingredient is not included in Sichuan hot pot? A．Sichuan peppers.　 B．Spring onions. C．Chillies.　 D．Fish and chips. 2．When may Sichuan hot pot date back to? A．The late Qing Dynasty. B．The early Qing Dynasty. C．The late Ming Dynasty. D．The early Ming Dynasty. 3．What can we know about Nanjing salted duck? A．It is Nanjing’s famous food import. B．The meat is a bit fat but juicy. C．It takes a few days to make. D．Its process includes salting，boiling and frying. 4．Why is Nanjing salted duck so famous? A．The countryside around Nanjing has waterways. B．The duck is regarded to have cooling properties. C．Every year，tens of thousands of ducks are consumed. D．The duck has its unique flavour and taste. 5．What can we learn from the fifth paragraph? A．Cantonese dim sum dates from Tang Dynasty. B．Cantonese dim sum is only served in the teahouse. C．Cantonese dim sum has been changed since the 1850s. D．Cantonese dim sum has around 100 offerings at most. 6．Why do people in Guangdong go to the restaurant to have morning tea? A．To have the breakfast. B．To enjoy a long list of dim sum. C．To taste the typical beef balls. D．To have conversations on business，family or pleasure. 答案：　1－6：DACDCD 三、长难句分析 1．What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is that they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends since a meal can last for hours. [分析]　本句为主从复合句。其中what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句；since引导原因状语从句，since意为“因为，由于”。 [翻译]　我最喜欢四川火锅的一点在于，它为朋友间的交往提供了很棒的机会，因为一顿饭能吃上好几个小时。 [核心单词] 1．a romantic atmosphere 　　　　 浪漫的氛围 2．have no appetite 没有胃口 3．the steam age 蒸汽时代 4．plain style 朴素的风格 5．mild climate 温和的气候 6．cold and damp 又冷又湿 7．five hundred grams of sugar 500克糖 8．leave a bitter taste 留下苦味 9．the edge of the cliff 悬崖边上 10．the Tang Dynasty 唐朝 11．boil an egg for him 给他煮个鸡蛋 12．the latest version 最新的版本 13．an adorable child 一个可爱的孩子 14．fry the steaks 油炸牛排 15．enjoy the scenery 欣赏风景 [拓展单词] 1．impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→impression n．印象，感想→impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的 2．loose adj.不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的→loosen vt.(使)放松，变松；松开，放开→loosely adv.宽松地，松散地，不精确地 3．foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的→fog n．雾；迷惘，困惑 4．expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述→expansion n．扩张，扩充 5．appropriate adj.合适的→inappropriate adj.不合适的 6．consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→consumer n．消费者→consumption n．消费；消耗，消耗量 7．innovation n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法→innovate vi.& vt.引入(新事物、思想或方法)；创新；改革→innovative adj.新颖的，创新的 8．stimulate vt.促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋→stimulation n．激励；兴奋(作用)→stimulating adj.趣味盎然的；激励人的，振奋人心的 9．delicate adj.精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的→delicacy n．娇嫩，柔软；脆弱；仔细 10．emphasis n．(pl. emphases) 强调，重视；重读→emphasize vt.强调 11．wrapper n．(食品等的)包装材料，包装纸→wrap vt.包，裹(礼物等)；用……缠绕(或围紧) 12．mixture n．混合物；混合，结合→mix vt.(使)混合，掺和，融合；调配，配制；相容，平安相处→mixed adj.混合的；混杂的 [重点短语] 第一组　汉译英 1．投身于，热衷于　　　　　　　 throw oneself into 2．好(或美等)得不得了 out of this world 3．释放；放任 let sth loose 4．尤其，特别 in particular 5．使人满意，正合需要 hit the spot 6．(产品、活动、事业等)腾飞 take off 7．破碎，破裂；崩溃 fall apart 第二组　英译汉 8．be covered with　　　 被……所覆盖 9．appeal to sb 对某人有吸引力；向某人呼吁 10．be famous for 因……而出名 11．without equal 无与伦比；无敌；无比 12．a variety of 各种各样的 [典型句式] 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 1．原级比较 The mouth­watering hot pots of Sichuan are as famous overseas as(海内外同样闻名) they are in China. 2．“enough＋动词不定式”结构 The hot flavour is enough to heat up(足以温暖) a cold midwinter evening. 3．动词­ing形式(短语)作结果状语 The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation，making the meal the perfect way(使这顿饭成为完美方式) to relax with friends. “enough＋动词不定式”结构 (教材原句)The hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening. 那火锅的风味足以温暖隆冬的寒夜。 (1)“enough＋动词不定式”结构意为“足够地……可以做……”，enough前常出现形容词或副词，该结构可与so/such...that...结构转换； (2)若enough前出现否定词，则不仅否定了enough，而且也否定其后的动词不定式，意为“不够……不能做……”，该结构可与“too...to...”句型转换。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Would you be good enough to take (take) my bag upstairs for me? ②It was too late to repair (repair) the damage done to their relationship. ◎能力提升——句式改写 ③He is so strong that he can move the big stone away.(改为“enough＋动词不定式”结构) →He is strong enough to move the big stone away. ④He is not old enough to go to school.(改为“too...to...”结构) →He is too young to go to school． expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述 (教材原句)Over time，it has expanded to include multiple options of soups，vegetables，meats and sauces，appealing to people of different tastes.后来，火锅的内容逐渐丰富，包括各式汤底以及品种多样的蔬菜、肉和调料，满足了人们不同的口味。 (1)expand on/upon 详述，充分叙述，详细阐明 expand...into... 把……扩展成…… expand into... 扩大成为…… (2) expansion n. 扩张，扩充 ◎基础练透——写出下列句中expand的含义/单句语法填空 ①I will expand on this topic in the next class to make you more clear about it.细谈，详述 ②We all know that heat causes an object to expand and cold causes it to contract.膨胀 ③The teacher is teaching the students how to expand one sentence into a paragraph. ④Due to the continuous expansion (expand) of business，we need to employ more workers. ⑤Would you please expand on/upon how you managed to get the job? ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑥The company is eager to expand into new markets． 那家公司急欲进军新的市场。 estimate vt.估计，估价 n．估计；估计的成本 (教材原句)Nowadays，people eat salted duck all year round and it is estimated that tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing！如今，人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭，据估计南京人每天要吃掉数万只鸭子！ (1)estimate sth at... 估算某物的价值为……，估计某事的数为…… estimate for sth 估算(某项工作)的费用 be estimated to be/have/cost 估计是/有/花费 It is estimated that... 据估计…… (2)estimation n. (对水平、数量等的)估计；判断，评价 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The building company estimated the cost of the new house at $30，000. ②We asked our builder to estimate for the repair of the ceiling. ③The company’s market value is estimated to be (be) worth around $ 369 million. ④According to rough estimation (estimate)，the beautiful vase is worth over a million yuan. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤It is estimated that the building will be completed in ten months. 据估计大楼十个月内可以完工。 stimulate vt.促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋 (教材原句)The concept took off，and today Guangzhou’s restaurants stimulate customers’ appetite with over a thousand offerings，each more delicate and delicious than the last.这种观念时兴起来，如今广州的餐厅用一千多道点心刺激着食客的食欲，一道比一道精致，可口。 (1)stimulate sb to do sth　 促使某人做某事，激发某人做某事 (2)stimulation n. 激励；兴奋(作用) (3)stimulating adj. 趣味盎然的；激励人的，振奋人心的 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Interesting English literature works can stimulate students to do (do) more reading after class. ②With the stimulation (stimulate) of consumer markets，the industry body expects gold demand to further revive this year. ③Universities have been asked to make their courses more attractive and stimulating (stimulate). ◎能力提升——微写作 ④Good teachers should ask questions that stimulate students to think． 好的老师应该提出激发学生思考的问题。 emphasis n．(pl. emphases) 强调，重视；重读 (教材原句)The emphasis is rather on conversation about business，family or pleasure，and locals can spend hours together chatting，drinking tea and working their way through the menu.重点是谈生意，话家常、说乐子。当地人可以花上几个小时一起谈天，饮茶，慢慢吃遍菜单上所有的点心。 (1)put/lay/place emphasis on sth　　　　 强调/重视某事 (2)emphasize vt. 强调，重视；重读，加强……的语气 emphasize the importance of 强调……的重要性 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The new policy will also force schools to put emphasis on teaching basic subjects. ②The important role in prevention and safety education must be emphasized (emphasize). ◎能力提升——一句多译 ③我们老师总是强调独立做作业的重要性。 →Our teacher always emphasizes the importance of doing homework independently. (emphasize) →Our teacher always puts/lays/places emphasis on the importance of doing homework independently.(emphasis) mixture n．混合物；混合，结合 (教材原句)Fill the dumpling wrappers with the mixture.把混合物装满饺子皮。 (1)mix v.　　　　　　 (使)混合，掺和，融合 mix...with/and... 把……与……混合 mix...up with... 把……和……搞混了；把……和……结合起来 (2)mixed adj. 混合的；混杂的 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①We listened to the news with a mixture (mix) of surprise and horror. ②If you mix blue with/and yellow，you will get green. ③I came home from the meeting with mixed (mix) feelings. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④People often mix him up with his brother because they’re so alike. 人们常常把他和他哥哥搞混了，因为他们长得太像了。 维度一　单词拼写 1．Even in small companies，computers are an essential(必不可少的)tool. 2．I know you don’t have an appetite(食欲)，but you need to eat something. 3．Don’t put that glass so near the edge(边缘)of the table. 4．James works as an assistant chef(厨师)at a fast food restaurant. 5．The eye is one of the most delicate(脆弱的)organs of the body. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．This example clearly showed the conflict between tradition and innovation (innovate). 2．A mixture (mix) of skill and good luck decided the outcome of the game. 3．She fastened the belt loosely (loose) around her waist. 4．An inspiring teacher can stimulate students to succeed (succeed). 5．I think we should put as much emphasis on preventing disease as we do on curing it. 维度三　完成句子 1．It is estimated that the project will last four years. 据估计，这项工程将持续四年。 2．I was dying of thirst，and that cup of ice tea hit the spot． 我渴得要命，那杯冰茶正好解渴。 3．His enthusiasm is enough to melt a heart of stone. 他的热诚足以融化铁石心肠。 课时精练(四)　Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　根据汉语提示或首字母填入单词的适当形式 1．The plants grow best in cool，damp(潮湿的)conditions. 2．Plain(朴素的)and simple clothes are appropriate for school wear. 3．He was so worried about his son that he apparently had no appetite(胃口)for his supper. 4．How to protect the delicate(脆弱的)ecosystem was among the top concerns. 5．The Tang Dynasty(朝代)was the golden age of classical Chinese poetry. 6．Most authorities agree that play is an essential(必不可少的)part of a child’s development. 7．She seemed unfamiliar with the concept(概念)that everyone should have an equal opportunity. 8．He fell，striking his head on the edge(边)of the table. 9．Be careful not to damage other people’s property(财产). 10．The hotel offers a friendly atmosphere and personal service. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．We are looking to the further expansion (expand) of trade and cooperation between us. 2．We must encourage innovation (innovate) if the company is to remain competitive. 3．This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture (mix) of modern and traditional Chinese elements. 4．Her bright clothes were not appropriate for a funeral. 5．Nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be (be) overweight. 6．According to the research，gas and oil consumption (consume) always increases in cold weather. 7．Constant innovation (innovate)，combined with good marketing，will promote the sales of these products. 8．Her interest in art was stimulated (stimulate) by her father when she was only five years old. 9．The gross weight of the box of chocolates is 500 grams (gram). 10．It was so foggy (fog) that we had to feel our way home. 维度三　完成句子 1．This desk is just as wide as that old one. 我这张书桌正好和那张旧书桌一样宽。 2．The smell is enough to make me throw up． 这气味足以使我呕吐。 3．Mary failed all her exams，making her parents very angry． 玛丽一门考试也没通过，使她父母非常生气。 4．He was deeply impressed with/by what he had seen in China. 在中国见到的一切给他留下了深刻的印象。 5．It is high time that we should lay/put/place great emphasis on the wildlife protection. 我们对野生动物保护加以高度重视的时候到了。 维度四　课文语法填空 The mouth­watering hot pots of Sichuan are as famous overseas as they are in China，and the hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon.I gave it my 1.first (one) try last night，together with a few local friends! As the soup bubbled slowly over a gas burner in the middle of the table，its surface 2.was covered(cover) with a beautiful layer of chillies，Sichuan peppers，spring onions and red oil.3.Slowly(slow) at first，and then faster and faster，we tipped plates of fresh meat，fish and vegetables into the pot.The hot flavour quickened our 4.laughter (laugh) and conversation，making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends. Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp，foggy climate 5.in which they were invented.They are believed 6.to have started (start) off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.In the beginning，the delicious dish was made simply by 7.boiling(boil) vegetables，chillies and Sichuan peppers in water.Over time，it 8.has expanded (expand) to include multiple options of soups，vegetables，meats and sauces，appealing to people of different tastes.9.What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is that they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends since a meal can last for hours.I instantly became 10.a big fan of Sichuan hot pots and I’ll soon be back for more! [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2021·湖北省高二上学期期末) Food brings us together and connects us to our families，friends，nature and to foreign cultures.Food is universal.Food waste，on the other hand，has become a universal problem，as it significantly contributes to climate change.Luckily，there are countries that have laws to require supermarkets or other businesses to donate unsold food. About one third of all food grown for human consumption is thrown out or wasted according to the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO).This creates both environmental and financial problems，since traditional agriculture requires large amounts of resources including land and water.Food production is also a major cause of greenhouse gases and climate change. Food waste occurs at every step of food production from the field to the store.In fact，fruits，vegetables，and roots have the highest waste.Donating food that is unusually wasted does not mean giving away damaged food.Sometimes it is simply a case of food being mislabeled，a can that has a torn label，or slightly bruised fruit. To reduce both the financial and environmental pressure，Italy passed a law to encourage businesses and farmers to donate unsold food to charities.Companies that donate their leftovers will pay lower taxes on waste removal. Waste management is also a very costly thing for governments.In fact，according to Global Citizen，in 2016，Italy spent over $13.3 billion on waste management.The idea behind the law is that when it is economic and convenient，companies will happily follow the law. France was the first country to pass a food donation law in 2016.It required supermarkets that are at least 4，300 square feet to donate unsold food to charity.Since then，90 percent of supermarkets began donating food，the number of which was 66 percent before the law. To increase food donations，Israel passed a law in 2018 to ensure that unused food from restaurants，hotels and other places goes to the people that need it most. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今食物浪费的现状和不良影响，对此意大利通过了一项法律鼓励企业和农民将未售出的食品捐赠给慈善机构，介绍了这一法律的影响。 1．What does Paragraph 2 focus on? A．FAO’s guidelines.　　　 B．Human eating diets. C．Global climate change.　 D．Food waste problems. D　[段落大意题。根据第二段“About one third of all food grown for human consumption is thrown out or wasted according to the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO).”可知，第二段主要介绍的是食物浪费问题，故选D项。] 2．What is most likely to be given away according to the law? A．Heavily broken canned food. B．Unhealthy vegetables. C．Slightly bruised fruit. D．Damaged food. C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Donating food that is unusually wasted does not mean ...a can that has a torn label，or slightly bruised fruit.”可知，根据法律，轻微擦伤的水果最有可能被丢弃，故选C项。] 3．What benefit will the Italian government get from the law? A．It will sell donated food to make money. B．It will ask companies to pay higher taxes. C．It will save money on waste management. D．It will attract more international companies. C　[细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Waste management is also ... when it is economic and convenient，companies will happily follow the law.”可知，意大利政府将从这项法律中得到的好处是：政府将节省花在废物管理上的钱，故选C项。] 4．What is known about the food donation law? A．It seems difficult to pass in Israel. B．It takes effect gradually in France. C．It is just applied in supermarkets. D．It is an unsuccessful try in France. B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“France was the first country to pass a food donation law in 2016.It required ...，the number of which was 66 percent before the law.”可知，食品捐赠法在法国逐渐生效，故选B项。] Ⅱ.完形填空 (2021·宁夏大学附属中学高二上学期期中) A letter to Mum and her mince pies(肉饼) When I was a little girl，you and I loved decorating the living room and Christmas tree.After 1 ，we would bake cakes.“Make enough mince pies，because Santa(圣诞老人)likes them，” you would tell me. Christmas Eve came and you would put me on my neatly made 2 ．I’d fall asleep until Christmas 3 ．I’d wake up and thrill at the sight before me.At the bottom of my bed would be loads of presents.I’d scream in delight， 4 tearing the paper open.Running downstairs，I would discover that Santa hadn’t just stopped in the 5 ：there were also lots of 6 around the Christmas tree. Many years later the 7 continued.The only thing that 8 was the presents at the end of the bed — I’ve already grown up. One afternoon while we were making extra mince pies as usual，it 9 hit me that the extra wasn’t for 10 ．I said，“Those extra mince pies were never for Santa，were they? They were for you！” You never said a word — a smile was your only 11 ． Christmas changed in 1986，when you suffered a 12 brain disease.After suffering throughout Christmas，you passed away on the 29 December. Only now am I starting to enjoy Christmas again，and while I don’t do the 13 any more，I do have mince pies in the house.I leave one out just for you，as if you were still a part of my Christmas.And I make sure I put up the decorations 14 you，and us.Thanks for the 15 memories of Christmas，Mum. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候与母亲一起过圣诞节有装饰房间、装饰圣诞树和烤蛋糕、做馅饼的传统，后来母亲去世，作者仍然留一个馅饼来纪念母亲的故事。 1．A.cooking　 B．decorating　 C．living　 D．resting B　[根据前句you and I loved decorating the living room and Christmas tree.(你和我都喜欢装饰客厅和圣诞树)可知，装饰(decorating)完房间后，作者一家会一起烤蛋糕。] 2．A.bed　 B．chair　 C．sofa　 D．room A　[根据后文I’d fall asleep until Christmas...可知，妈妈把作者放在整洁的床上(bed)，让作者赶紧睡觉等待圣诞老人的礼物。] 3．A.Eve　 B．morning　 C．dinner　 D．vacation B　[根据后文I’d wake up可知，此处是在圣诞节的早上(morning)醒来。] 4．A.violently　 B．deliberately　 C．excitedly　 D．casually C　[根据前文的thrill at the sight before me及本句的delight可知，作者很激动，很兴奋(excitedly)。] 5．A.apartment　 B．lounge　 C．bedroom　 D．kitchen C　[根据上文At the bottom of my bed would be loads of presents.可知，圣诞老人不仅在卧室(bedroom)里放了礼物，也在圣诞树旁放了礼物。] 6．A.decorations　 B．cakes　 C．leaves　 D．presents D　[因为是圣诞节，因此在圣诞树旁堆了一些礼物(presents)。] 7．A.tradition　 B．holiday　 C．surprise　 D．situation A　[根据前文可知，圣诞节的传统(tradition)一直持续着。] 8．A.helped　 B．stopped　 C．remained　 D．counted B　[本空与前面的continue形成对比，故应用stopped(停止)。] 9．A.heavily　 B．certainly　 C．suddenly　　　 D．frequently C　[根据语境可知，作者突然(suddenly)想到。] 10．A.Mum　 B．Santa　 C．Christmas　 D．guests B　[根据空后Those extra mince pies were never for Santa，were they？(那些多余的肉馅饼不是给圣诞老人的，是吗？)可知，我突然意识到这些馅饼不是为圣诞老人(Santa)准备的。] 11．A.explanation　 B．opinion　 C．description　 D．reply D　[根据You never said a word—a smile...可知，妈妈没有说任何话，只是笑，这就是对我的答复(reply)。] 12．A.soft　 B．special　 C．severe　 D．common C　[根据后文you passed away on the 29 December.可知，母亲得了严重的(severe)大脑疾病。] 13．A.laundry　 B．cleaning　 C．operation　 D．baking D　[根据第一段中we would bake cakes.可知，他们过圣诞节的传统是装饰房间和圣诞树后烘烤蛋糕。而此处表示作者已经不再自己烤(baking)蛋糕了。] 14．A.in praise of　 B．in memory of　 C．on behalf of　　 D．on account of B　[根据语境可知，作者装饰房间是为了纪念(in memory of)妈妈，纪念自己过去跟妈妈一起过圣诞节的传统。] 15．A.short　 B．recent　 C．regretful　　　 D．wonderful D　[根据语境可知，作者回忆了自己小时候跟妈妈一起过圣诞节的美好(wonderful)回忆。] Ⅲ.语法填空 (2021·江西省高一下学期期末) Having Zao Cha，a traditional breakfast tea，1. (be) a typical morning activity of Guangdong residents.Rich or poor，young or old，locals will go to a morning tea house either to drink tea or 2. (have) dim sum (点心)for breakfast.For them，Zao Cha is not only a 3. (deep) rooted daily habit but also an important way of social 4. (communicate). Guangdong morning tea can be traced back 5. over 150 years ago during the Qing Dynasty.At that time，there was a small restaurant in Guangzhou called “Yi Li Pavilion，” 6. served tea and dim sum.Later，more and more tea houses appeared，and the scale(规模)became 7. (large).Since then，the Cantonese have formed the habit of 8. (drink) morning tea in a tea house. Today，morning tea in Guangdong has taken on a supporting role，but dim sum have become more delicate and diverse.Classical dim sum usually include buns，dumplings and rice rolls in various ingredients such as beef，chicken，pork，shrimp or vegetable.Usually，they 9. (serve) in 3 or 4 pieces in one portion. The traditional culture of having morning tea has now become 10. trend in other provinces，mainly in southern China. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了广东的早茶文化。 1．解析：　is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句介绍的是客观事实，故应用一般现在时，且句子主语为动名词短语Having Zao Cha，故本空应用is。 2．解析：　to have　考查非谓语动词。根据句意及空前动词不定式短语to drink tea可知，本空应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。 3．解析：　deeply　考查词性转换。本空修饰形容词rooted，故应用副词deeply。deeply rooted意为“根深蒂固的”。 4．解析：　communication 　考查词性转换。根据空前形容词social可知，本空应用名词形式。 5．解析：　to　考查介词。trace back to意为“追溯到”，故本空应用介词to。 6．解析：　which　考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Yi Li Pavilion，且名词在从句中作主语，指物，故本空应用关系代词which。 7．解析：　larger　考查形容词的比较级。根据句意可知，本空应用形容词比较级larger。 8．解析：　drinking　考查非谓语动词。根据空前介词of可知，本空应用动词­ing形式。 9．解析：　are served　考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语usually可知，本句应用一般现在时，且句子主语they和动词serve之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。 10．解析：　a　考查冠词。根据句意可知，空后名词trend表示泛指，故应用不定冠词a。 单元检测卷(一)　UNIT 1　Food matters (时间：120分钟　满分：150分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the man going to watch? A．A movie.　 　 B．A play.　 　C．A concert. 2．When will the speakers meet? A．This afternoon. 　　　　 B．Tonight. C．Tomorrow afternoon. 3．What does the man want to read? A．Some news. B．A book. C．An email. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．How tall a tree can grow. B．Where to plant a tree. C．How the house looks. 5．How does Ted look now? A．Happy. B．Surprised. C．Nervous. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．Whom will the woman travel with this summer? A．The man. B．Mike. C．Mark. 7．Which city will the woman travel to this summer? A．Paris. B．Beijing. C．Amsterdam. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．Why didn’t the woman go to school today? A．She was sick. 　　　　 B．She was injured. C．She was too busy. 9．What day is it most probably today? A．Monday. B．Friday. C．Sunday. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What’s the woman’s first plan? A．To go to the museum. 　　　B．To stay at home. C．To go hiking. 11．What does the man think the weather will be like tomorrow? A．Rainy. B．Cloudy. C．Fine. 12．How will they go to the museum? A．By bike. B．By bus. C．On foot. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．How does the woman feel now? A．Hungry. B．Thirsty. C．Tired. 14．When will they go out to eat? A．At about 5：30 pm. 　　　 B．At about 6：30 pm. C．At about 7：00 pm. 15．What do we know about Gado Gado? A．It’s Chinese food. B．It’s a type of rice ball. C．It’s fried meat. 16．Why does the man know well about the food on the snack street? A．He liked eating there. B．He once sold food there. C．He once studied food there. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．How will they go downtown? A．By bus. B．By subway. C．By car. 18．What will Susan’s boyfriend most probably do tomorrow? A．Buy some presents. 　　　　 B．Borrow books. C．Enjoy a meal. 19. How old is the woman’s sister now? A．12. B．13. C．14. 20．What’s the probable relationship between Susan and the woman’s sister? A．Classmates. B．Friends. C．Strangers. 1－5　CCABA　　　6－10　BABBB 11－15　CABCB 16－20　ACBAC 听力材料 第一节　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 (Text 1) W：May I help you? M：Yes.I’d like to buy two tickets for Taylor Swift’s concert next month. W：OK.400 dollars，please. (Text 2) W：Will you be able to come this afternoon，David? M：Sorry，I can’t.What about tonight? W：I’ll go skating tonight.Let’s meet tomorrow afternoon then. M：OK，it’s a deal. (Text 3) M: Are you reading a book on the Internet again? W：No.I’ve finished reading it.Now I’m reading an e­mail from John. M：I want to read some news after you finish it，if I may. (Text 4) M: Where shall I plant this tree? W：Let me see.In front of the house？No，I’m afraid it’ll grow too tall. M：What about in the backyard? W：That sounds like a better idea. (Text 5) W：Look at Ted. M：Yeah.He seems to be on the top of the world now. W：I guess he has won first prize in the competition. M：You’re totally right. 第二节　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 (Text 6) M：Are you going on holiday with Mike again this year? W：Yes.We’ve agreed to travel to a foreign country every summer. M：You went to Beijing last year.Where are you going this year？Still an Asian city? W：No.I want to go to Paris.But Mike wants to go to Amsterdam. M：So where will you go? W：Last year we went to the city which Mike liked.So this year we’ll go to the city I like. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 (Text 7) W：Hi，Jack.It’s me，Anna. M：Hi，Anna.I didn’t see you at school today.Are you sick? W：No.I fell off my bike yesterday evening and hurt my leg.So I didn’t go to school today. M：I’m sorry to hear that.How are you now? W：Don’t worry.It’s not serious.I can go back to school next Monday.Jack，have we got any homework to do for the weekend? M：Yes.We have to do the math exercises on Page 78 in our textbook. W：That’s all? M：No.We also have to do the English exercises on Page 75 in our textbook.And that’s all. W：Thank you，Jack. M：You’re quite welcome，Anna. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 (Text 8) M：Lisa，do you have any plan for tomorrow? W：Nothing special.I may just stay at home and watch TV. M：I don’t think it’s a good idea to watch TV all day at home.What about going to visit the art museum tomorrow morning？There is an Asian art exhibition now. W：That’s great.I love Asian art.But I’m afraid it’ll rain tomorrow. M：Have you checked the weather report? W：No.But it rained every time I wanted to go out in the past few weeks. M：I don’t think it’ll rain tomorrow.The weather report said the other day that it’d be fine for a whole week. W：OK.Then let’s go to the museum tomorrow. M：How shall we get there，by bus or on foot? W：I’d rather cycle there.We can cycle to the park and take a walk there after leaving the museum. M：That sounds like a great idea.So see you at the gate of the museum around 8：30 tomorrow morning. W：OK.See you then. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 (Text 9) M：It’s already half past five now.Are you hungry? W：No.I ate a lot of food this noon.But I really want a glass of water now.The food was a bit salty. M：So when do you want to go out to eat? W：In about one and a half hours，I guess.But I don’t want a big meal tonight.What about just eating some snacks for supper? M：I love that idea.We can go to the snack street.I tried some Gado Gado there the other day.It’s a kind of rice ball that is made in Indonesia.I really like it.You should try some tonight，too. W：OK.What else can we try there? M：Well，there are different kinds of snacks on the snack street，such as noodles，vegetables，rice，fried meat，seafood，beans and even dessert.You can find almost any snack that you like there. W：I’ll try some of those.James，how do you know so much about the food there? M：I once worked part­time near the snack street.I loved trying different snacks there. W：No wonder. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 (Text 10) W：I’ll go downtown to shop with my friends Susan and David tomorrow.It’s a bit far.We usually go downtown either by bus or by subway.But Susan’s boyfriend will go to the city library tomorrow and he’ll give us a lift. So what will we buy tomorrow? I’m not going to buy anything for myself.I’m going shopping for two gifts.One is a birthday gift for my younger sister，who will turn thirteen in just two days.The other is for my mother as Mother’s Day is just two days after my sister’s birthday.I’ll buy her a new phone. Susan will go to a party next week.She needs a new dress and a new pair of shoes for it.So that’s why she’s going shopping tomorrow.Since she isn’t my sister’s friend，she won’t buy a gift for her. David is also going to pick a Mother’s Day gift.He planned to buy either a purse or a dress at first，but now he decides to buy his mother a bag. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2021·安徽省蚌埠市高二上学期期末) Five of the Most Interesting Customs in the World South Korea—NOT tipping Tipping is in the blood for someone who is raised in the United States along with many other European countries.But in South Korea，employees in the food service industry are given fair wages and take pride in their work，and it is disrespectful to attempt to tip them. Iceland—Christmas Eve books giving People puzzle over the question of Christmas gifts.Iceland has solved this problem with the Christmas Eve tradition of giving a book.After everyone unwraps the books，they spend the evening reading together. Switzerland—Honesty shopping There are little shops in the middle of the Swiss Alps that allow you to buy your fresh cheese，milk，bread，honey，and butter without anyone to watch you.In fact，no one watches these shops because they are owned by farmers who are out taking care of the animals. Japan—Pushers on the subway Japan’s subway is crowded during rush hours.But instead of settling for the inefficiency that personal space demands，Japan has“pushers” .They are exactly what they sound like­employees whose only job during rush hour is to push more people onto the train. Russia—Offering vodka It is the custom to welcome new friends with shots of vodka.What better way to break the ice than with some stomach­warming shots of this Russian tradition? That’s something we can all toast to，or，as they say in Russia，“Na zdorovye！” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五个国家的一些有趣的风俗习惯。 21．In which of the countries is it a tradition to give books as a Christmas gift? A．Japan. B．South Korea. C．Iceland. D．Russia. C　[细节理解题。根据Iceland—Christmas Eve books giving部分中“Iceland has solved this problem with the Christmas Eve tradition of giving a book.After everyone unwraps the books，they spend the evening reading together.”可知，冰岛有在圣诞节送书作为礼物的传统，故选C项。] 22．What can we learn from the text? A．Tipping is in the blood for people in South Korea. B．“Pushers” in Japan help you get off the train faster. C．It is common to welcome guests with vodka in Japan. D．No one watches you shop in some Swiss little shops. D　[细节理解题。根据Switzerland—Honesty shopping部分中“In fact，no one watches these shops because they are owned by farmers who are out taking care of the animals.”可知，在瑞士的一些小店里，没人会看着你购物，故选D项。] 23．Who might be the target readers? A．Those who want to learn Russian. B．Those who are fond of natural scenery. C．Those who are interested in global customs. D．Those who intend to travel in their home country. C　[写作目的题。本文介绍了五个国家——瑞士、韩国、冰岛、日本和俄罗斯的一些文化习俗，由此可推断出，本文的目标读者是对这些风俗习惯感兴趣的人，故选C项。] B (2021·黑龙江省大庆中学高二上学期期末) I took a deep breath and walked through the front door，my arms full of groceries.A challenge lay ahead of me，someone who could hardly boil water：cooking the Easter Sunday dinner.What if I made everyone sick? It could truly be our family’s last super meal. Making the holiday meal was my brother’s job，not mine.I could never fill his shoes.Peter had died in September at the age of 45 from a heart attack，but he’d been a natural in the kitchen all his life.He planned every course in detail，from the crescent rolls to the Dutch apple pie. My family was lost without him，and we went out to dinner for Thanksgiving and ordered pizza for Christmas.By the time Easter rolled around，though，I couldn’t bear the idea of another holiday surrounded by takeout(外卖食品)boxes.Peter would have hated that.To him，there was nothing more important than a meal made with love.So I convinced Mom that we should cook Easter dinner together.But we were terrible cooks. I had been thinking what to cook for Easter dinner.I’d bitten off more than I could chew. No one could do this half as well as Peter.I stepped into the family room.Mom was still at church，but her newspaper was opened on the coffee table，to the sports section，as usual.She was a huge Notre Dame women’s basketball fan，and the featured story was about the forward Devereaux Peters.I read the headline and nearly dropped my grocery bags，Filling Peters’ Shoes. That afternoon，cooking in the kitchen，I didn’t feel so alone.Mom and I pulled together and the Easter feast was not that bad.The ham may have been a little dry，but it was all made with love— just like Peter would have wanted. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者接替哥哥为家人做节日盛宴的经过。 24．What would Peter have preferred to do if holidays had come? A．To go out to have dinner. B．To order pizza. C．To show off his cooking skills. D．To cook a big dinner for his family. D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Making the holiday meal was my brother’s job，not mine.”可知，节日来临时，作者的哥哥Peter就会为家人准备节日大餐，故选D项。] 25．What can we learn from the text? A．The Easter dinner was the family’s last dinner. B．Mom persuaded the author to cook the Easter dinner. C．Peter enjoyed cooking a dinner with love. D．Their Easter dinner this year was a complete failure. C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Peter would have hated that.To him，there was nothing more important than a meal made with love.”可知，作者的哥哥Peter喜欢用爱心做饭，故选C项。] 26．What does the author mean by saying “I’d bitten off more than I could chew.” in Paragraph 4? A．She wasn’t confident in cooking the Easter dinner. B．She was not able to eat a lot of food. C．The Easter dinner made her sick. D．She couldn’t cook the dinner alone. A　[句意理解题。根据第一段内容可知：作者要为全家做复活节盛宴，但在这之前作者只会烧开水，并且害怕家人吃了她做的饭会生病。根据划线句后一句“No one could do this half as well as Peter.”可知，作者觉得自己不如Peter做得好，因此划线句子应表示作者对做复活节盛宴没有信心，故选A项。] 27．What might be the best title for the text? A．Cooking in the Kitchen B．Filling Peter’s Shoes C．Happy Easter Day D．Terrible Cooks B　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者接替哥哥Peter用爱心为家人做节日盛宴的事情。短语fill one’s shoes意为“妥善代职”，出现在第二段中“I could never fill his shoes.”及倒数第二段中“I read the headline and nearly dropped my grocery bags，Filling Peters’ Shoes.”可知，B项标题符合文章想要表达的中心思想。] C (2021·辽宁省大连市高一下学期期中) One of the most popular street food found in China is no doubt the barbecue.A new program，called Chinese Barbecue，tells the story of this popular food cooked over hot coals on just about every street corner in cities and towns across the country.Barbecued meat is an important part of people’s nightlife. Shown on June 20，the program has had more than 25 million clicks on the video site bilibili.com.To find the most popular barbecue stalls(摊位)，the production team travelled to more than 500 locations in 30 cities across the country.Some viewers compare Chinese Barbecue to Midnight Diner，a Japanese TV program telling stories from late night informal Japanese bars. “I’m happy to hear this comparison because Midnight Diner is a good program，and we share the same topic’night food，” Chinese Barbecue’s director Chen Yingjie said.“However，they are quite different.” He said that Midnight Diner focused more on food itself，though there was some conversation while people were eating.However，the night food scene of Chinese people means joy and a more lively atmosphere.People eating these barbecue snacks develop a feeling of connection，which can be a cure for loneliness. The barbecue，regarded as the most ordinary and common night street snack，is different from home­made food by mothers as that is a symbol of family and kinship.The barbecue is where you go to become connected to people in society.And unlike official business lunches，during which people are rather polite，the barbecue lets people relax with old friends and new friends，leaving a lasting impression of friendship. The world，as a whole，holds deep­rooted good feelings toward the barbecue，either for the taste or the warmth produced by fire.“What we should do is to present the Chinese barbecue just the way it is because with its special ingredients(食材)，ways of cooking and more importantly，the special environment and people，the world will recognize it and might fall in love with it just as we do.” said Chen. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最近发行的纪录片《人生一串》向观众展示了中国多姿多彩的烧烤文化，被誉为中国版的《深夜食堂》。 28．What do we know about Chinese Barbecue? A．It has been becoming very popular on the Internet. B．It is thought highly of by most of the foreign tourists. C．It mainly talks about the most famous Chinese food. D．It shows the colorful nightlife in large cities of China. A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Shown on June 20，the program has had more than 25 million clicks on the video site bilibili.com.”可知，这部纪录片在互联网上非常流行，故选A项。] 29．In which way was Chinese Barbecue different from Midnight Diner? A．It showed more kinds of food. B．It focused more on the diners. C．It showed the eating habits. D．It was less popular than Midnight Diner. B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“He said that Midnight Diner focused more on food itself...People eating these barbecue snacks develop a feeling of connection，which can be a cure for loneliness.”可知，与《深夜食堂》相比，《人生一串》更关注食客，故选B项。] 30．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The importance of the barbecue to family. B．The influence of the barbecue on people’s manners. C．The influence of the barbecue on people’s lifestyle. D．The role of the barbecue in people’s relationship. D　[段落大意题。根据第四段中“The barbecue is where you go to become connected to people in society.”及“the barbecue lets people relax with old friends and new friends，leaving a lasting impression of friendship.”可知，第四段主要介绍了烧烤在人们的关系中的作用，故选D项。] 31．Why did Chen Yingjie choose the barbecue as the topic of the series? A．To show the feature of Chinese food. B．To research a special way of cooking. C．To help the world understand China. D．To introduce the history of the barbecue. C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What we should do is ...the special environment and people，the world will recognize it and might fall in love with it just as we do.”可推断出，Chen Yingjie选择烧烤作为这个系列的主题是因为想要让世界了解中国，故选C项。] D (2021·福建省福州市高二上学期期中联考) Since the earliest days of the United States，Americans have begun their day by eating whatever is most easily available.These foods often include bread，eggs or leftovers—food left over from the night before.Today，ease is still an important factor when it comes to breakfast.However，what people eat has changed over time.Some of today’s common breakfast foods，such as cereals(谷类食物)，are popular because of very effective marketing. “Advertising was practically invented to sell cereals.One of the first ways advertising was successfully or effectively used was to convince mothers that it was okay for their children to eat instant cereals.They offered working mothers a chance to let kids take care of themselves in the morning，” says Heather Arndt Anderson.She is the writer of the book Breakfast：A History. Advertising also played an important part in orange juice becoming a morning drink.In 1916，farmers grew more oranges than usual，so advertisers began saying，“Drink an orange.” They aimed to persuade people that drinking orange juice was a healthy way to start the day. Pancakes have also been around for a very long time.Researchers believe the world’s oldest naturally preserved human mummy(木乃伊)ate a pancake­like food as one of his last meals.Researchers think pancakes may have been made in the morning because they are much quicker to prepare than bread.Cooks could then have time to make fresh bread for dinner. Americans still eat some of the same breakfast foods—like bread and eggs—that their ancestors did.Writer Heather Arndt Anderson notes that people’s concerns about healthy food choices have also stayed the same.She hopes more Americans will see leftovers as breakfast foods.After all，they taste good and are a great way to reduce waste. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从美国早期开始，美国人早餐就以吃最便捷的食物开始他们的一天。这些食物通常包括速溶麦片、薄煎饼或前一晚剩下的食物。 32．What is the advantage of the instant cereal? A．It makes kids healthier. B．It saves mothers’ time. C．It satisfies everybody’s taste. D．It costs less than other foods. B　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“Since the earliest days of the United States，Americans have begun their day by eating whatever is most easily available.”和“However，what people eat has changed over time.”可知，人们选择早餐食品的一个重要因素是方便获取；再结合第二段中“One of the first ways advertising was successfully or ...says Heather Arndt Anderson.”可知，速溶麦片的好处是可以节省妈妈的时间，故选B项。] 33．What was the advertisers’ final purpose of saying “Drink an orange”？ A．To market the orange juice. B．To recommend a popular lifestyle. C．To promote oranges as a healthy breakfast item. D．To encourage farmers in planting more oranges. A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“Advertising also played an important part in orange juice becoming a morning drink.”和“They aimed to persuade people that drinking orange juice was a healthy way to start the day.”可推知，广告商说喝橙汁的最终目的是推销橙汁，故选A项。] 34．Why does the author mention a mummy in Paragraph 4? A．To explain the origin of pancakes. B．To present the benefit of pancakes. C．To prove the long history of pancakes. D．To show the wide spreading of pancakes. C　[写作手法题。根据第四段中“Pancakes have also been around for a very long time.Researchers believe the world’s oldest naturally preserved human mummy(木乃伊)ate a pancake­like food as one of his last meals.”可知，这个例子是为了证明煎饼的悠久历史，故选C项。] 35．What is the main idea of the text? A．The History of the Americans’ Diet. B．The Effects of Advertising Foods. C．The Importance of Having Healthy Meals. D．The Development of the Americans’ Breakfast. D　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的内容可知，本文主要介绍了美国早餐饮食的演变历史，即从早期的面包和鸡蛋，到后来的麦片粥和橙汁，美国人早餐食品的种类不断增加。D项(美国人早餐的发展。)符合题意。] 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Cooking with care People are so busy these days that many have no time to cook. 36 ．Actually most families love home cooking! The food tastes good and warm，and a family meal brings everyone together. Another reason people enjoy home cooking is that it is often a way of showing love.A parent who bakes a bag of chocolate cookies isn’t just satisfying a child’s sweet tooth. 37 ．The message says，“I care about you enough to spend several hours making cookies that you will eat up in 15 minutes if I let you！” There’s also something about the smell of good cooking that appeals to all ages. 38 ，it makes us feel safe and loved.Next time you smell a cake baking，stop for a moment and pay attention to your mood.Chances are that the good smell is making you feel happy. Real estate agents know that good cooking smells are important. 39 ，they sometimes advise people whose homes are for sale to bake cookies or bread.The good smells make the place “feel like home”．These pleasant smells help convince potential buyers that the house would make a good home for their family，too! Home­cooked meals can also benefit the environment.Home cooking gives us the opportunity to choose raw materials over processed meals，which cuts down on packing. 40 ．You’ll make an even bigger effect on the environment by reducing the amount of transportation required to get food to your plate. A．This creates a problem B．If they are too busy to cook C．He or she is sending a message D．Even if we are the ones doing the cooking E．If possible buyers are coming to see the house F．Get ready to make meals for your family members G．Buy those materials from local farmers or grow your own 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家庭烹饪的意义。家庭烹饪食物味道好吃又温暖，把大家聚在一起，让我们感到安全和被爱。烹饪甚至被应用在了房地产领域，家庭烹饪也有益于环境。 36．A　[根据上文“People are so busy these days that many have no time to cook.”及后文“Actually most families love home cooking! The food tastes good and warm，and a family meal brings everyone together.”可知，上文提到人们太忙没时间做饭，后文则提到实际上很多家庭喜欢在家做饭。可知，本句应指出人们太忙产生了一个问题，那就是无法满足很多家庭喜欢做饭的习惯，A项(这就产生了一个问题)符合语境。] 37．C　[根据上文“A parent who bakes a bag of chocolate cookies isn’t just satisfying a child’s sweet tooth”．及后文“The message says，‘I care about you enough to spend several hours making cookies that you will eat up in 15 minutes if I let you！’”可知，上文提到家长烘焙饼干，后文则提到一条信息。因此本句是在解释说明后文信息的来源就是家长做饼干这一行为，故C项(他或她是在发送一条信息)符合语境。C项中a message与后文The message相对应。] 38．D　[根据上文“There’s also something about the smell of good cooking that appeals to all ages.”及后文“it makes us feel safe and loved.Next time you smell a cake baking，stop for a moment and pay attention to your mood.Chances are that the good smell is making you feel happy.”可知，上文提到所有年龄的人都喜欢美食的味道，后文则提到它让我们感到安全和被爱，且提到了烤蛋糕。可推知本句是在说明自己做饭的情况，故D项(即使是我们做饭)符合语境。后文it指代上文doing the cooking。] 39．E　[根据上文“Real estate agents know that good cooking smells are important.”及后文“they sometimes advise people whose homes are for sale to bake cookies or bread.The good smells make the place ‘feel like home’．These pleasant smells help convince potential buyers that the house would make a good home for their family，too！”可知，本段主要说明的是烹饪在出售房子方面的应用，后文提到了令人愉悦的气味有助于说服潜在的买家。可推知本句是在说明如果有潜在的买家来看房子的情况，故E项(如果潜在的买家来看房子)符合语境。后文中potential buyers与E项中possible buyers相对应。] 40．G　[根据上文“Home­cooked meals can also benefit the environment.Home cooking gives us the opportunity to choose raw materials over processed meals，which cuts down on packing.”及后文“You’ll make an even bigger effect on the environment by reducing the amount of transportation required to get food to your plate.”可知，上文提到选择原材料，后文则提到减少食物的运输量。可推知本句是在说明从食材生产者那里直接购买食材或自己种植的情况，故G项(从当地农民那里购买这些材料或者自己种植)符合语境。G项中those materials与上文raw materials相对应。] 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2022·广东省佛山市高二上学期期末) As Torri’ell Norwood drove merrily through St.Petersburg，Florida，the 41 from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly 42 screams.They were hit by a speeding driver.The hard 43 sent the car across someone’s yard before it crashed into a tree. The crash damaged the 44 ，causing Norwood to climb through her window to get out.Along with two of her friends，who’d also 45 to free themselves，she ran for her life. 46 ，it wasn’t until Norwood got to the end of the street that she realized her best friend Azaira Simmons was nowhere to be found.Norwood 47 ran back to the car. Simmons was unconscious in the back seat.Norwood pulled her out and checked her pulse(脉搏)，but there was no sign of 48 ．That’s when she started CPR(心肺复苏术). If the 49 had occurred a few weeks earlier，she might not have known what to do. 50 ，Norwood had earned her CPR certificate just the day before because she expected to start a career in 51 ．Looking down at her 52 friend，Norwood knew she had a precious little time to 53 what she’d learned.Due to her 54 ，Simmons regained consciousness ten minutes later. The two teens say that the accident has promoted their 55 ． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Torri’ell Norwood在一次交通意外事故中，通过以前学习的心肺复苏术，成功挽救了好友Azaira Simmons的生命。 41．A.arguments　　　　　　 B．complaints C．praise D．laughter D　[根据上文“drove merrily”可知，四个女孩起初很开心地在车上，她们发出笑声(laughter)。] 42．A.took over　 B．turned into　 C．went back to　 D．took charge of B　[根据上文“drove merrily”及下文“screams”可知，原本的笑声变成了(turn into)尖叫。] 43．A.knock　 B．shot　 C．ground　 D．fight A　[根据上文“They were hit by a speeding driver.”及“it crashed into a tree”可知，猛烈的撞击(knock)使汽车穿过了一个人的院子，撞在了树上。] 44．A.door　 B．tree　 C．yard　 D．road A　[根据“climb through her window to get out”可知，撞击将门(door)撞坏了。] 45．A.agreed　 B．decided　 C．managed　 D．prepared C　[根据下文“she ran for her life”可知，Norwood与她的两个朋友都设法(manage)成功地逃命了。] 46．A.Otherwise　 B．Moreover　 C．Thus D．However D　[根据空前“she ran for her life.”和空后“she realized her best friend Azaira Simmons was nowhere to be found”可知，前后句为转折关系(However)。] 47．A.hesitantly　 B．immediately　 C．regretfully D．aimlessly B　[根据上一句内容可知，Norwood最好的朋友不见了，因此她立即(immediately)跑向车。] 48．A.change　 B．strength　 C．life　 D．progress C　[根据“checked her pulse”及“That’s when she started CPR”可知，Azaira Simmons没有生命(life)迹象，所以Norwood开始对她进行CPR(心肺复苏术)。] 49．A.accident　 B．damage　 C．mistake　 D．reaction A　[根据“she might not have known what to do”推测，如果Norwood在几周前碰到了此类事故(accident)，她可能不知道该怎么办。] 50．A.Obviously　 B．Thankfully　 C．Surprisingly D．Hopefully B　[根据“Norwood had earned her CPR certificate just the day before”可知，庆幸的是(Thankfully)，Norwood获得了CPR证书，可以帮助事故中发生意外的人。] 51．A.education　 B．tourism　 C．science D．medicine D　[根据“earned her CPR certificate”可知，Norwood想要从事医学(medicine)相关的事业。] 52．A.sleeping　 B．crying　 C．struggling　 D．dying D　[根据前文“Simmons was unconscious in the back seat.”可知，Simmons处于垂死(dying)边缘。] 53．A.review　 B．appreciate　 C．practice　 D．share C　[根据“Norwood knew she had a precious little time to what she’d learned.”可知，Norwood知道给她实施(practice)CPR的时间不多。] 54．A.effort　 B．sacrifice　 C．courage　 D．attention A　[根据“Simmons regained consciousness ten minutes later.”可知，在Norwood的努力(effort)下，她的朋友恢复了意识。] 55．A.cooperation　 B．independence　 C．friendship　 D．well­being C　[这两个十几岁的孩子说，这次事故增进了她们的友谊(friendship)。] 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It 56. (seem) that Chinese people have always loved to discuss the differences between northerners and southerners.Now，another difference has drawn wide attention：the way northerners and southerners shop 57. food at markets. People from southern China normally buy 58. they need for just one or two meals at a time.It’s normal for them to buy just half a Chinese cabbage，two 59. (potato) and 25 grams of beef at a time.60. ，a person may be laughed at if they do this in the north.Instead，buying enough vegetables and meat for a week 61. (be) normal. The different could be because of the different climates.Food can 62. (keep) for a long time in the north，as it’s 63. (usual) cold and dry there.Many northerners have the habit of 64. (store) food for a long time.But due to the hot and wet weather in the south，southern Chinese people prefer 65. (buy) just enough food for one meal or one day.Otherwise，the food may go bad. Maybe these debates about different customs help us to understand each other better. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南方人和北方人在购买食物的习惯上的差异。 56．解析：　seems　考查动词的时态。句意：中国人似乎一直喜欢讨论北方人和南方人之间的差异。根据句意可知，本句描述的是客观事实，故应用一般现在时。 57．解析：　for　考查介词。句意：北方人和南方人在市场买食物的方式。shop for意为“购买……”，故本空应填介词for。 58．解析：　what　考查名词性从句。句意：南方人一般一次只买一两顿饭需要的东西。本空引导宾语从句，从句缺宾语指物，故本空应填what。 59．解析：　potatoes　考查名词的单复数。句意：他们一次只买半颗大白菜、两个土豆和二十五克牛肉是正常的。根据空前two可知，本空应用复数形式potatoes。 60．解析：　However　考查副词。空前句句意：他们一次只买半颗大白菜、两个土豆和二十五克牛肉是正常的。空后句句意：在北方，你要是这样做是要被嘲笑的。根据句意可知，本空前后句是转折关系，故本空应填However。 61．解析：　is　考查主谓一致。句意：相反，购买足够一周的蔬菜和肉类是正常的。本句中动名词短语作主语，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式is。 62．解析：　be kept　考查动词的语态。句意：在北方，食物可以被保存很长时间。本句主语Food和动词keep之间为被动关系，故本空应用被动语态be kept。 63．解析：　usually　考查词性转换。句意：因为那里天气通常是很冷的。本空修饰形容词cold and dry，故本空应用副词usually “通常地”作状语。 64．解析：　storing　考查非谓语动词。句意：许多北方人有长期储存食物的习惯。根据空前介词of可知，本空应用动词­ing形式作介词of的宾语。 65．解析：　to buy/buying　考查固定结构。句意：但由于南方天气炎热潮湿，中国南方人更喜欢买足够一顿饭或一天吃的食物。prefer to do/doing sth意为“喜欢做某事”，故本空应填to buy/buying。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2021·浙江省嘉兴市高二上学期期末) 假定你是李华，参加国际交流活动期间寄宿在Peter家里，寄宿期间因文化差异引起了一些误会。请你回国后给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1．感谢接待； 2．表达歉意； 3．期待重逢。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter， Best， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Peter， I’ve been back home safe and sound.I’m writing to express my sincere thanks for your warm reception while staying with your family. During my stay，I might have caused some discomfort and even trouble to you and your parents due to cultural differences.I apologize for any misunderstanding between us. Please forgive me if my behavior hurt you.Thanks again for your treatment and really hope we can meet again someday，maybe in China. Best， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2021·河北省保定市高一下学期期末) It was an evening just like any other in the Miller family apartment.Mr.and Mrs.Miller were tired from working all day and the children were busy playing on tablets(平板电脑). “Mum，can you play a game with me now？” said Amy，“Dad，do you want to play battleships？” asked Ben. Suddenly，the lights went off.The apartment went completely dark.“Oh no! We have lost all our electricity，” cried Mr.Miller.“There must be a power cut in the city，”said Mrs.Miller. “Is everybody okay？” asked Mr.Miller.“Yes，I’m okay，” said Amy.“Wow！It’s so dark in here，” said Ben.“I’ve never seen our house like this before.” Mr.Miller picked up his torch(手电筒)and turned it on.But there was only a small beam of light. “Oh no！” complained Mr.Miller.“The batteries in this torch are not very good.I don’t know how long this torchlight will last.” The Miller family looked out of their apartment window.Mrs.Miller pointed at the sky.“Look at all the stars.” “Wow! I can see so many，” said Ben. Then Mrs.Miller wiped her forehead.“I’m feeling very hot，” she said.“So am I，” said Amy.“Who turned the heater on？” Mr.Miller frowned.“The heater is not on.The machine that keeps us cool has stopped working，“ Mrs Miller answered.Oh no! The fridge is not working either and all the food will be ruined，” she cried.“And what about the freezer？” asked Ben.“The ice cream cake for Grandma is in there.It’s a special treat for her.” “That’s a big problem”，said Amy.“The ice cream cake will melt if it gets warm.” Just then，the torch went out.“And now we have an even bigger problem，” said Mr.Miller.“Oh dear! What do we do now？” Mrs.Miller asked.Amy saw her tablet glowing(发出暗淡的光)in the corner of the room.“I have an idea，”she said. 注意：1.续写的词数应为 150左右。 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1： She picked up her tablet and took it back into the kitchen. Paragraph 2： So the Miller family ate the cake and looked out of the window at the stars. [参考范文] Paragraph 1： She picked up her tablet and took it back into the kitchen.With the weak light，she looked around and to her delight，she found some candles that were provided for free when they bought the ice cream cake for Grandma.She lit a candle.Then she opened the fridge and took out the cake.After dividing the cake into four pieces，she put them in plates.She called Ben to come in and they placed plates on the table beside the window. Paragraph 2： So the Miller family ate the cake and looked out of the window at the stars.Relaxed，they sang and danced.After a while，Ben said：“How about going out to play under the stars？” They all agreed.The stars made the yard bright and peaceful.They began a game.They first named themselves a fruit’s name and then they began called out numbers.When two persons said the same number，who first named out the other’s fruit name won.All over the yard were their yells and laughter.Suddenly，the light in the room was on. …………………………………[背话题金句，写高分文章] …………………………………　 1．I like the music which sounds good for me，no matter what style of music it is. 我喜欢那些听起来令我满意的音乐，无论它是哪种类型的。 2．Learning a musical instrument will help you develop concentration，patience and perseverance. 学习一种乐器将帮助你培养注意力、耐心和毅力。 3．There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared with children who have no musical training. 这里有明显的证据，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。 4．Nowadays，both traditional and modern music are popular with people in China. 现在，传统音乐和现代音乐都受到中国人的欢迎。 5．If you feel stressed，you can listen to pop music. 如果你觉得压抑，你可以听流行音乐。　 ………………………………………[单元话题导入] ……………………………………… I have to say that music really has a strong attractiveness① to me.Naturally，everyone can choose suitable music to listen to.However，when you find a kind of music which can bring happiness to you，you will be surprised and become excited.Music has a magical energy，and it can help people gain good mood in a great extent②. When you feel sad，you can have a try to listen to soothing③ music.At first，soothing music will let you calm down.You will find that you will pay much attention to the music，and then your sadness can be decreased④.You will enter music ocean.It does not matter that when you listen to soothing music and you want to cry，you should just follow yourself feeling to have a thorough⑤ release⑥.Music will give you enough encouragement to overcome difficulties. Music also can double your happiness and arouse⑦ the fighting.For instance，when you solve some very difficult situations and gain success eventually，you will have a great mood.At this time，exciting music will witness⑧ your success.You will feel satisfied.Music lets you remember the glorious⑨ moment and cherish your success.Music can give you unlimited motivation to achieve goals，because you still want to listen to glorious music. Music indeed has a magical power to help people and society develop.I believe that music will still continue to bring us many surprises.As the development of society，great music will become more important.,当你感到孤独寂寞时，是否会打开音乐，在一段或轻柔或激烈的乐曲中慢慢修复自己？音乐真的有这种魔力。 阅读助手： ①attractiveness n．吸引力；迷惑力 ②in a great extent在很大程度上 ③soothing adj.安慰性的；催眠的 ④decrease vt.降低，减少 ⑤thorough adj.彻底的；完全的 ⑥release n．释放；排放；解脱 ⑦arouse vt.激起，唤醒 ⑧witness vt.见证 ⑨glorious adj.光荣的，荣耀的 随堂笔记 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$