Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas－Comprehending-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高一英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas－Comprehending …………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①play chess下国际象棋。注意：在棋类、球类名词前，不用冠词。 ②nervously/'nɜːvəsli/adv.焦急地；易紧张焦虑地 ③approach/ə'prəʊtʃ/v.走近，靠近 ④turn to...向……求助(或寻求指教等) ⑤chat/tʃæt/n.闲谈，聊天 ⑥Here it is.[口语]此处意为“事情是这样的”。 ⑦focus/'fəʊkəs/v.(把……)集中(于) ⑧career/kə'rɪə/n.职业，事业 ⑨raise one's voice(因愤怒等)提高嗓门说话 ⑩in surprise吃惊地 ⑪lawyer/'lɔːjə/n.律师 ⑫assume/ə'sjuːm/v.假定，假设，认为 ⑬respect/rɪ'spekt/v.尊敬，敬重 ⑭studio/'stjuːdiəʊ/n.(音乐)录音室 ⑮court/kɔːt/n.法院，法庭 ⑯calm down(使)平静，(使)镇定 ⑰ignore/ɪɡ'nɔː/v.忽视，不理 ignorance n．无知 ⑱daydream/'deɪdriːm/v.做白日梦，幻想 ⑲easy在此意为“不要生气，别急” ⑳professional/prə'feʃ(ə)nəl/adj.职业的，专业的 football在英式英语中指足球，在美式英语中指橄榄球 in the end最后 advise v．建议，劝告 suit/suːt/v.适合 suitable adj.合适的 talent/'tælənt/n.天赋，才能 be proud of以……为自豪 Why don't you...？(提建议)为什么不……？ take one's advice接受/听从某人的建议 jump in with both feet踊跃参加 option/'ɒpʃ(ə)n/n.选择，可选择的东西 optional adj.可选择的 sigh/saɪ/n.&v.叹气，叹息(尤因厌烦，失望，疲倦等) curtain/'kɜːtn/n.(舞台上的)幕 ◎………………………………………………………………………………… Like Father，Like Son (The living room.Friday night.A table and two chairs at front centre.Grandfather and Father，seated at the table[1]，are playing chess①.) [1]seated at the table是动词­ed形式短语作定语。seat意为“(使)就座，坐下”。常用动词­ed形式表状态 Grandfather：And...I win! (Son enters room.) Father：Not again！Oh look，here comes my boy[2].How are you，son? [2]here comes my boy属于here，there等副词位于句首引起的完全倒装 Son: (nervously② approaching③ the table) Erm...Dad，can we talk? Father：Sure！You know you can always turn to④ your dad for a chat⑤. Son：OK.Here it is.⑥I've decided not to go to university.I want to focus⑦ on my band and have a career⑧ in music when I leave school. Father: (raising his voice⑨ in surprise⑩) You can't be serious！What about your future career as a lawyer⑪？！ Son：I knew you'd say that.You just assume⑫I want to be a lawyer，but that's only because you are a lawyer[3]. [3]because在此引导表语从句，后接的内容表示原因 Father：What's wrong with being a lawyer？Lawyers help people and are respected⑬ by others. Son：Yes，but I'm not interested in law.I want to work in a studio⑭，not a court⑮. Grandfather：(looking at Father) Calm down⑯.OK? Father：(ignoring⑰Grandfather's words ) Stop daydreaming⑱！Playing in a band is not a job．[4] [4]画线部分为动词­ing短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式 Son：Of course it is！The music industry is developing fast now.Making music is a job. Grandfather：(stepping between Father and Son and raising his voice) Hey！I told you to calm down，both of you! Father: But I told him to study something useful at university! Grandfather：(laughing) Easy⑲，son！I remember when you were his age，you said that you wanted to be a professional⑳footballplayer. Father：And you wanted me to be an engineer! Grandfather: I just wanted you to be happy，and an engineer—a happy engineer. Father：But in the end，you just advisedme to think carefully. Grandfather: Yes，and you have found the career that suitsyour talents[5].I'm so proud of you.Your son is proud of you，too. [5]画线部分为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词career Son: Of course I am，but I have different talents. Grandfather: (turning to Son)Why don't you also take my adviceand think carefully before jumping in with both feet? Son：Well，I could try... Grandfather：If you go to university and play music at the same time，you will have two options for your future.And I'm sure playing in a band will help you make lots of new friends at university. Father：Yes，lots of new lawyer friends! Son：(with a sigh) Dad... (Curtain)Unit 3　Family matters　 有其父必有其子 (星期五晚上，客厅的前方中心位置摆放着一张桌子和两把椅子。祖父和父亲正坐在桌旁下国际象棋。) 祖父：然后……我赢了！ (儿子进屋) 父亲：不是吧，你又赢了！看，我儿子过来了。儿子，你怎么样？ 儿子：(紧张地靠近桌子)喔……爸爸，我可以跟你谈谈吗？ 父亲：当然可以！你知道的，你总是可以跟爸爸聊天。 儿子：好，是这样的，我决定不去上大学了。我想专注做乐队，等(高中)毕业以后从事音乐行业。 父亲：(惊讶地抬高声音)你在开玩笑吧！你不打算以后当律师了？！ 儿子：我就知道你会这样说。你想当然地认为我想当律师，但那只是因为你自己是律师。 父亲：当律师有什么不好的？律师帮助人们并且受人尊重。 儿子：对，但我对法律不感兴趣。我想在录音室工作，不想在法庭。 祖父：(看着父亲)冷静点，好吗？ 父亲：(忽视祖父的话)别做白日梦了！玩乐队可算不上是工作。 儿子：它当然是！音乐行业现在发展很快，做音乐就是工作。 祖父：(走到父亲和儿子中间，提高声音)嘿！我说了冷静点，你俩都是！ 父亲：可我告诉过他要去大学学点有用的东西！ 祖父：(笑)别着急，儿子！我记得你像他这么大时，你说你想要成为一个职业足球运动员。 父亲：而你想让我成为一个工程师！ 祖父：我只是希望你快乐，希望你成为一个工程师——一个快乐的工程师。 父亲：但是，最后你建议我要认真考虑。 祖父：是的，然后你找到了适合自己天分的职业。我为你感到十分骄傲，你的儿子也为你感到骄傲。 儿子：我当然为父亲感到骄傲，但我有不一样的天赋。 祖父：(转向儿子)在积极投入(音乐事业)之前，你何不也采纳我的建议，认真考虑一下呢？ 儿子：好，我可以试试…… 祖父：如果你在上大学的同时玩音乐，就能在未来拥有两种选择。而且我相信玩乐队能帮你在大学交到很多新朋友。 父亲：对，很多新的律师朋友！ 儿子：(叹气)爸爸…… (幕布降下) 一、整体理解 Ⅰ.The passage is a play，and its main idea is about the_disagreement_between_Father_and_Son_in_choosing_a_future_job. Ⅱ.Read the passage quickly and fill in the following blanks with suitable words. 二、细节理解 Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Why does the boy come to his father? A．He intends to have a talk with him. B．He plans to drop out of university. C．He wants to play chess with Grandfather. D．He aims to find some help from his father. 2．What does the sentence “You can't be serious！” mean? A．The father isn't serious. B．The son isn't serious. C．The father doesn't understand the son's words. D．The father is surprised at his son's words. 3．Father wants his son to become a lawyer because ________． A．his son is in deep love of law B．his son can show his own talent C．he benefits a lot from the career D．lawyers are rich and respected by others 4．What's the grandfather's advice? A．To go to university and study law. B．To drop school and play music. C．To go to university and play music. D．To play music and study law. 5．We can infer from the play that ________． A．the son will not go to university B．the son will play in the band C．the son will make a new decision D．the son will study law in the future 答案：　ADCCC 三、品质升华 1．Is the son satisfied with the result? Give your opinion. According_to_the_phrase_“with_a_sigh”_in_the_text,_we_can_know_that_the_son_is_not_quite_satisfied_with_the_result. 2．Analyze the root of the problem in the play and try to voice your opinion.　 The_old_and_the_young_in_the_family_usually_hold_different_opinions_about_the_same_topic._The_generation_gap_exists._It_is_obvious_that_the_generation_gap_is_quite_common_and_it_is_hard_to_distinguish_who_is_right_and_who_is_wrong._The_best_way_to_deal_with_that_problem_is_to_communicate_with_each_other_face_to_face._Stating_opinions_freely_with_family_members_will_result_in_the_suitable_solution. 四、难句解构 1．Grandfather and Father，seated at the table，are playing chess. [句式分析]　本句的主干为主谓宾结构。seated_at_the_table是动词­ed短语作定语，修饰名词Grandfather_and_Father。 [尝试翻译]　祖父和父亲正坐在桌边下国际象棋。 2．You just assume I want to be a lawyer，but that's only because you are a lawyer. [句式分析]　本句是but连接的并列句。第一个分句的主干为主谓宾结构，I want to be a lawyer是宾语从句；第二个分句的主干为主系表结构，because引导的是表语从句。 [尝试翻译]　您以为我想做律师，可那只是因为您自己是律师。 3．I remember when you were his age，you said that you wanted to be a professional football player. [句式分析]　本句的主干为主谓宾结构。在宾语从句中，when you were his age是时间状语从句；that you wanted to be a professional football player是宾语从句，作动词said的宾语。 [尝试翻译]　我记得你像他这么大的时候，你说你想当职业足球运动员。 课时精练(七)　Starting out & Understanding ideas－Comprehending (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A What is your most memorable(难忘的) Thanksgiving? For me，it was on the eve of the day. The church had the names of ten families with more children and less pay planned to receive food baskets.As we packed the boxes in the fellowship hall，these families were excited over the food they were taking home.It would be the best meal many hadn't enjoyed for months.As they were picking up their boxes happily，another family arrived.Father，mother and three children got off an old pickup truck and came inside the hall.This was a_new_family，not on our list.They had just heard there was food being given by a church. I explained that we did not have enough for an extra family.And as I tried to make them sure that I would do what I could，an amazing thing happened.Without a word，a woman put down the box she was carrying and quickly found an empty box to place beside it.She began moving items from her box to share.Soon others followed her lead，and these poor people made an eleventh box for the new family. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个新家庭在感恩节前夜来教堂参加食物派发活动，因为没有多余的食物，其他人在一位女士的带领下，主动捐出自己的一部分食物，他们凑成了第11盒食物，让这个家庭度过了温饱的感恩节前夜。 1．The story happened on ________． A．Thanksgiving Day Eve　　　 B．Christmas Eve C．New Year's Eve D．a church party A　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知故事发生在感恩节前夜。故选A项。] 2．What does“a new family” here means? A．They were new here. B．They came the church for the first time. C．They hadn't lived here long. D．Their family name was out of the list. D　[词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句“This was a_new_family，not on our list.”推测，“a new family”是指教堂派发食物的名单上没有他们的名字。故选D项。] 3．At last，how many families got the Thanksgiving Day presents? A．11.　　　 B．10.　　　 C．12.　　　 D．None. A　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Soon others followed her lead，and these poor people made an eleventh box for the new family.”可知，总共是11个家庭参加了活动。故选A项。] 4．What's the best title for the passage? A．A New Family B．A Thanksgiving Day C．The Eleventh Box D．Delicious Food C　[标题归纳题。结合文章的主要内容和最后一段最后一句“Soon others followed her lead，and these poor people made an eleventh box for the new family.”可知，本文主要讲述了感恩节前夜来参加食物派发的家庭，在自己也很贫困的情况下为新来的一个家庭凑出了食物，而新来的家庭刚好是第11个家庭，他们得到了第11盒食物。故选C项。] B During my elementary school years，I used to compare my mum with my best friend Tiffany's mum. Tiffany's mum always gave her lots of money to buy the most fashionable clothes and favorite food.Her mum allowed her to do anything she liked.I really admired Tiffany.My mum didn't give me much pocket money and she always told me that I should behave myself.I was annoyed with her. Whenever I didn't get what I wanted，I would complain to my mum，“Tiffany's mum would give her that！I wish she were my mum.” Every time，my mum would say calmly，“Poor Tiffany.” I couldn't understand her.“She shouldn't be feeling sorry for Tiffany！” I thought.“She should be feeling sorry for me.” One day，I couldn't help saying to my mum，“Poor Tiffany？Lucky Tiffany！She gets everything she wants！Why do you feel sorry for her？” I burst into tears. My mum sat down next to me and said softly，“Yes，I do feel sorry for her.I have been teaching you a lesson that she will never be taught.” I looked up at her，“What are you talking about？” Mum said with care，“One day she will really want something.Maybe she'll find out that she can't have it.Her mother won't always be around to give her money，and what's more，money can't buy everything.” She continued，“I have taught you valuable lessons by not giving you everything you want.You'll know how to look for bargains and save money，but she won't.You'll understand that you need to work to get the things you want but she won't.When Tiffany is a grown woman，she'll wake up one day and she will be wishing that she had a mum like the one you've got.Life lessons are more important than modern clothes and delicious food.” It took some time，but I eventually understood my mum's words.Now I am a happy and successful woman. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一开始不理解自己的母亲为什么不像朋友的母亲那样什么都给孩子买，后来逐渐明白母亲的良苦用心。 5．During the author's elementary school years，she ________． A．wished that her mum were as good as Tiffany's B．went to school with Tiffany every day C．usually compared her lessons with Tiffany's D．sometimes gave lots of money to Tiffany A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Tiffany's mum would give her that！I wish she were my mum.”可知，选项A正确。] 6．Why did the author's mum always say “Poor Tiffany”？ A．She felt sorry for Tiffany because Tiffany was poor. B．She wanted to tell a lie to comfort the author. C．She thought that Tiffany was spoiled(被宠坏的) by her mother. D．She told the author this and wanted her to help Tiffany. C　[推理判断题。根据第七段中妈妈的话可知，在她眼里，蒂芙尼被她的妈妈惯坏了。] 7．What do we learn about the author's mother? A．She was strict and taught the author to be independent. B．She cared for other people's children more than her own. C．She thought that life lessons were as important as money. D．She was so poor that she couldn't give the author much money. A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“My mum didn't give me much pocket money and she always told me that I should behave myself.”和倒数第二段中妈妈的话可知，作者的妈妈很严格，教育孩子要自立。故选A。] 8．What can we infer from the passage? A．The author was quite annoyed with her mother in the past. B．The author's mother felt sorry for Tiffany. C．Tiffany's mother took the author's mother's advice. D．The author is thankful to her mother now. D　[推理判断题。最后一段讲到作者终于领会了母亲的深意，现在她成了一个快乐又成功的人，她的成功多亏了母亲的教导，因此作者对母亲很感激。] C While most high school students spend most of their time worrying about who likes who，and different relationships between their classmates，I choose to focus on my school lessons and sports. When I was young，my mother encouraged me to develop and keep friendship with boys in order to build strong relationships.But she told me not to risk a good friendship with a boy with the title of boyfriend.It's indeed a wise choice to stay friends with those of the opposite gender(性别).In my opinion，even though some high school relationships might continue after graduation，the probability of them lasting much longer is so slim(微小的) that there really is not a point to it. Firstly you have to think about such a question—whether it is possible to hurt both of you，or even hurt both of your future husbands or wives.My second point is that you still can date if you hope marriage could possibly follow.Except this，there really is not any other reason for dating.Some students desire relationships for a chance to be romantic.While these are nice to have，there are many more important things at this point in our lives. The titles of boyfriend and girlfriend put too much stress on a relationship between high school students.Just staying as common friends may be the best choice for us.I do advise we should deal with it_in a proper way and follow our teachers' advice if necessary. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了高中生应怎样处理与异性同学之间的关系，作者对此事的看法是同学之间最好保持良好的普通朋友关系，而不要成为亲密的男女朋友。 9．Between boys and girls，the relationship of being good friends might be ________ than that of being boy/girl friends. A．shorter　　　　　　　 B．weaker C．stronger D．slimmer C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“In my opinion，even though some high school relationships might continue after graduation，the probability of them lasting much longer is so slim(微小的) that there really is not a point to it.”可知，在男孩和女孩之间，成为好朋友的关系可能比成为男女朋友的关系更稳定。故选C。] 10．How does the writer like the idea of dating among the students? A．Dating is a nice chance for students to be romantic. B．Studying is far more important than dating in school. C．In high school dating can surely lead to future marriage. D．Dating in high school is sure to hurt your future family. B　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“... I choose to focus on my school lessons and sports.”和第三段中“While these are nice to have，there are many more important things at this point in our lives.”可知，作者认为学习远比在学校约会恋爱更重要。故选B。] 11．The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph might refer to ________． A．advice given by both teachers and parents B．the title of boyfriend or girlfriend at school C．the pressure from school lessons and sports D．the relationship between students of opposite genders D　[代词指代题。根据最后一段内容可知，画线词it指代的内容与前文的common friends(普通朋友)相对，即“男女异性朋友之间的关系”。故选D。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Being a Volunteer What can you do to help people? The answer is—to be a volunteer! Then what is the common opinion of volunteering？__1__ ·Help yourself by helping others. __2__ It's amazing to know that volunteering can calm you down when you feel upset.Lots of people really enjoy volunteering，because doing volunteer work could make a big difference in their life.So where do you start? School is a good place to start if you are looking for volunteer ideas. ·__3__ Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family.Talk to your parents，brothers，or sisters and see what they might be interested in.Find something you all agree on.You can do the things as a family like cleaning up a park and planting trees or flowers in your local community(社区). ·Create your own opportunity for your future. Kids can come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services.You can make and sell products，and donate(捐赠) the money.__4__ Volunteering can also help kids learn important things about their future—like what kinds of things they will be best at.A volunteer job can even help some kids decide what they want to do when they grow up.__5__ Make a plan to start volunteering today! A．So what are you waiting for? B．Things to do with family members. C．Clean up a school or other public buildings. D．Volunteering gives kids a sense of responsibility. E．Why don't you choose to do a job you like best? F．Volunteering means spending time in helping others. G．When you volunteer to help others，you are helping yourself. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种做志愿者帮助别人的途径，与此同时，我们也可以从中获得乐趣，增加与家人的感情，锻炼自己，并且呼吁大家快快加入志愿者的行列！ 1．F　[根据该空前面的“Then what is the common opinion of volunteering？”可以判断出本句内容应该是对volunteer做出详细的解释，在备选项当中只有F项符合。所以选择F项。] 2．G　[由本段副标题“Help yourself by helping others”可以看出该句是对此主题的进一步解释，该句内容应该给出一个具体的例子来证明这个观点，备选项当中G项是一个具体的例子，且符合上下文语境。所以选择G项。] 3．B　[本段第一句“Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family.”告诉我们和家人一起参加志愿工作是非常开心的事情。由此可知本段内容建议我们和家人一起去做志愿活动。B项“Things to do with family members.”符合段落大意，所以选择B项。] 4．D　[本段第一句“Kids can come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services.”告诉我们孩子们可以想出他们自己的方法来筹集资金或提供必要的服务，这样做可以给孩子们一种社会责任感。D项“Volunteering gives kids a sense of responsibility.”符合上下文语境，所以选择D项。] 5．A　[本句设在文章结尾，句尾的话语通常具有号召性或总结性的意味，由该句后面的“Make a plan to start volunteering today！”可以看出作者最后鼓励大家加入志愿行列当中，所以选择A项。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$