Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Using language & Developing ideas-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高一英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas …………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①misadventure/mΙsəd'ventʃə/n.事故，灾难 adventure n．冒险；冒险经历 ②expect v．预料，预期，预计 expect to do sth.期待做某事 expectation n．预料；预期；期待 ③favourite n．熟词生义　特别喜爱的东西 ④remind/rΙ'maΙnd/v.提醒，使……想起 ⑤comment/'kɒment/n.评论 ⑥share v．熟词生义　把自己的想法(或经历、感情)告诉(某人) ⑦play safe 谨慎行事，避免冒险 ⑧have a frog in one's throat(尤因喉咙痛)说话困难 throat/θrəʊt/n.咽喉，喉咙a sore throat 咽喉痛 ⑨poor adj.熟词生义　可怜的，不幸的，令人同情的 ⑩boot/buːt/n.靴子 ⑪section/'sekʃ(ə)n/n.区域 ⑫actually/'æktʃuəli/ adv.事实上，实际上 actual adj.真实的，实际的 ⑬wicked/'wΙkΙd/adj.缺德的，邪恶的；很棒的，极好的 ⑭negative/'neɡətΙv/adj.消极的，负面的 positive (反)adj.积极乐观的，自信的 ⑮standard n．(品质的)标准，水平，规格，规范 meet/reach a standard达到标准 ⑯exchange/Ιks'tʃeΙndʒ/n.(学生、教师等的)互访，交换 ⑰paper n．[C]熟词生义　(学生的)研究报告，论文 ⑱look forward/'fɔːwəd/to期待，盼望 ◎………………………………………………………………………………… Misadventures① in English Last week，our forum asked if you had any funny or strange stories about using English[1].We didn't expect②to get so many posts！Here are some of our favourites③，to remind④us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world! [1]画线部分为if引导的宾语从句，if意为“是否” 366 likes 325 comments⑤ share⑥ favourites ... Yancy People say that the British always play safe⑦ with what they eat.Not true！I went to a summer school in Manchester and my English teacher was called Maggie.One day，a different teacher took our class.He told us that Maggie couldn't teach that day COZ she had a frog in her throat⑧.Poor⑨ Maggie—but why did she try to eat such a big frog? 135 comments Sophie When I first visited New York，I went to a downtown shopping centre to buy some winter boots.At the information desk at the entrance，I asked a lady where the shoe section⑪ was.She said that it was on the first floor.So I went up to the first floor，but couldn't find any shoes.I decided to leave.When I was looking for the exit，I saw that shoes were actually⑫ sold downstairs on the ground floor，not the first floor.Why did she give me the wrong information? 128 comments Julien I've got an English penfriend，who I finally got to meet in London this summer.He had told me that his grandfather was “really wicked⑬”．But when I met his grandfather，I liked him a lot.I found it very odd.Why did my friend use a negative⑭ word about such a nice man? 63 comments Zheng Xu The British must have really high standards⑮.I was part of a student exchange⑯ programme between a university in England and my university in China.I spent days preparing and writing my first English paper⑰．[2] I knew I had done a good job and was looking forward to⑱ getting a positive comment.When I got the paper back，I found my teacher had written the comment “Not bad！” Not bad？But there weren't any errors in my paper. 85 comments [2]该句使用了spend...(in) doing sth.，preparing和writing是两个并列的动词­ing形式 英语使用中的小意外 上周，我们的论坛问大家是否有关于使用英语的奇闻趣事，我们没料到会收到这么多回复！以下列出了我们最喜爱的几条，用以提醒大家，我们在课堂上学到的英语跟外部世界的英语大不相同！ 366个赞 325条评论 分享 最喜欢的评论 …… 杨希 人们说英国人对他们吃的东西很谨慎，不是这样的！我去曼彻斯特的一个暑期学校学习，我的英语老师叫玛吉。有一天，另外一位老师给我们上课，他告诉我们玛吉那天不能授课，因为她的喉咙里有一只青蛙。可怜的玛吉，为什么要试图吃这么大的一只青蛙？ 135条评论 索菲 当我第一次到纽约时，我去一个市中心的购物中心买些冬靴。我在入口处的服务台问一位女士鞋区在哪里，她说在一楼。于是我去了一楼，结果没找到一双鞋子。我决定离开了。当我在找出口时，我看到鞋子事实上是在楼下的一楼售卖，而非一楼。她为什么要给我错误的信息呢？ 128条评论 朱力安 我有一位英国笔友，今年夏天我们终于在伦敦相见。他曾告诉我说他的祖父是“非常邪恶的”，但当我见到他的祖父时，我很喜欢他。我发现这非常奇怪，为什么我的朋友要用一个贬义词来描述这么好的一个人呢？ 63条评论 郑旭 英国人的标准一定非常高。我是一所英国大学和中国大学交流项目的交换生。我花费了数日进行准备和撰写我的第一篇英语论文。我知道自己已经做得很好，因此期待能得到一个肯定的评价。当我拿回论文时，我发现老师写下的评语是“不算坏！”不算坏？但我的论文里并没有任何错误。 85条评论 Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．The passage is mainly about ________． A．an exciting adventure in English learning B．some strange English words difficult to learn C．the differences between what we learn in class and in life D．some funny posts about what we should learn in class 2．From the passage we can see Sophie probably comes from ________． A．the UK　　　　　　 B．America C．Japan D．France 3．What does “it” refer to in the sentence “I found it very odd.” (in the third post)? A．My penfriend was angry with his grandfather. B．My penfriend was living in London. C．My penfriend didn't get on well with his grandfather. D．My penfriend said his nice grandfather was really wicked. 4．What do we learn about Zheng Xu's English paper? A．Zheng Xu felt disappointed about his paper. B．Zheng Xu didn't get a good grade on it. C．The teacher thought the paper wrote well. D．The teacher didn't think Zheng Xu was a bad student. 答案：　CADC [核心单词] 1．types of carrs　　　　　　 各种类型的车 2．contact by writing 通过写信联系 3．from the context 从上下文中 4．recent additions 最近的增加物 5．a learning resource 学习资源 6．a positive comment 正面评价 7．go downtown 去市中心 8．the shoe section 鞋区 9．a negative word 否定词 10．errors in papers 论文中的错误 11．some winter boots 一些冬靴 [拓展单词] 1．unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的，不了解的→familiar adj.熟悉的 2．organization n．组织，团体，机构→organize v．组织；安排；规划 3．entrance n．大门(口)，入口(处)→enter v．进入；参加；登记 4．intend v．计划，打算→intention n．计划，打算 5．informal adj.(书写或言谈)非正式的→formal adj.正式的 6．base v．以……为基础→basis n．基础 7．recognise v．认识，辨认出→recognition n．认识；识别；承认 [重点短语] 第一组　汉译英 1．偶然发现 come_across 2．由……组成 be_made_up_of 3．意识到，察觉到 be_aware_of 4．以……为基础 be_based_on 第二组　英译汉 5．be short for 是……的缩写 6．at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟的，混乱的 7．have a frog in one's throat (尤因喉咙痛)说话困难 [典型句式] 1．动词­ing形式短语作主语 It is impossible to know the meaning of every word，but knowing_about_word_formation(了解构词法) can help us guess their meanings. 2．not only... but also... 不但……而且…… Not_only_can_you(不但你可以) post specific questions，but you_can_also_broaden_your_knowledge(而且你也可以拓展自己的知识) by reading posts from other English learners around the world. 3．spend... (in) doing... 花费……做…… I spent_days_preparing_and_writing(花了好几天时间准备到写作) my first English paper. 核心词汇精研 come across　偶然发现 (教材原句) When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. 当你打开一本词典时，你经常会碰到许多不熟悉的词。 come about　　　　 发生 come to 总共，达到 come up 走近，靠近；被提及，被讨论； 发芽；(太阳、月亮)升起 come out 出版，出现 come up with 想出，提出 [佳句]　When reading articles related to science, we often come across difficult or unfamiliar words.读与科学相关的文章时，我们常常碰到难词或生词。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 (1)The sky was dark blue when the moon came up． (2)Since Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in 2012, his fans have been eagerly waiting for his more new novels to come out． ◎能力提升——完成句子 (3)Several of the students have come_up_with_suggestions_of_their_own． 有几位同学提出了自己的建议。 contact　v. 联系，联络 ((教材原句)) a friend that you contact by writing, traditionally using a pen 通过写信(传统上用钢笔写)来联系的一位朋友 contact n.　　　　　　 联系，接触 make / lose contact with... 与……取得/失去联系 keep / get in contact with 与……保持/取得联系 be in contact with 与……联系 be out of contact with 与……失去联系 [佳句]　If you have more questions, please contact us. 如果有更多的问题，请联系我们。 [名师点津] keep in contact with和be in/out of contact with表状态，可和时间段连用，而make/get in/lose contact with表示动作，不能和时间段连用。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 (1)If you have any questions，be sure to get in contact with me. (2)In the following days，the owner of the cat still couldn't be_contacted (contact). ◎能力提升——同义转换 (3)She lost contact with her husband three years ago and has been searching for him everywhere. She has_been_out_of_contact_with her husband for three years and has been searching for him everywhere. likely　adj. 可能的，可能发生的 (1)sb./sth.be likely to do... 　　　　　 某人/某物可能会…… It is likely that... 很可能…… (2)unlikely adj. 不可能的 [佳句]　Physically active children are more likely to become active and healthy adults. 身体活跃的孩子更有可能成长为积极健康的成年人。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 (1)If you can find whatever learning method(that) suits you, your learning efficiency is likely to_improve(improve) remarkably. (2)If one is late for a job interview, it is not likely that he will get the job. ◎能力提升——一句多译 (3)我们学英语时可能会犯错，这很正常。 ①We are_likely_to_make_mistakes_when_we_learn_English，which is very normal. ②It is_likely_that_we_make_mistakes_when_we_learn_English,_ which is very normal. addition　n. 增加物，添加物 (教材原句)Each year, many additions are made to English dictionaries. 每年，英语词典都会增加许多词条。 in addition “除此之外，另外”，是副词，单独作状语 in addition to　“除……之外(还)”，是介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词 [佳句]　I forgot to calculate this years addition to the taxes when I paid my bill. 我在支付账单时忘了计算今年增加的税款了。 ◎基础练透——选词填空(in addition to/in addition) (1)In_addition_to the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support. (2)You need money and time. In_addition,_you need diligence. ◎能力提升——词汇升级 (3)And, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless of time and space. In_addition,_the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless of time and space. remind　v．提醒；使……想起 (教材原句)Here are some of our favourites, to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world! 以下列出了我们最喜爱的几条，用以提醒大家，我们在课堂上学到的英语跟外部世界的英语大不相同！ (1)remind sb. of (doing) sth.　　 提醒某人(做)某事 remind sb. that... 使某人想起…… remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 (2)reminder n. 令人回忆起/提醒……的东西 [佳句]　This song reminded me of my happy childhood.这首歌使我想起了我的快乐童年。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 (1)He reminded me to_turn(turn) off the lights when I went out. (2)Michael put up a picture of his favourite football player beside the bed to keep himself reminded(remind) of his own dreams. (3)The cold served as a reminder(remind) that winter wasn't quite finished. ◎能力提升——完成句子 (4)My teacher often reminds_me_that_I_should_keep_calm_in_examinations． 老师经常提醒我在考试中要保持冷静。 comment　n．评论 (教材原句)325 comments　325条评论 (1)make a comment on/about　 对……发表评论 (2)comment v. 发表意见，评论 comment on/upon 对……进行评论 [佳句]　She made helpful comments on my work which was finished just now. 她对我刚刚完成的工作提出了有益的意见。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 (1)They are always commenting on/upon what I’m wearing. (2)It is impolite to make unfavorable comments(comment) on a person's appearance. ◎能力提升——一句多译 (3)他评论说这部电影值得一看。 ①He_commented_that_the_film_was_worth_seeing._(comment v．) ②He_made_a_comment_that_the_film_was_worth_seeing.(comment n．) look forward to　(兴奋地)期待；盼望 (教材原句)I knew I had done a good job and was looking forward to getting a positive comment. 我知道自己已经做得很好，因此期待能得到一个肯定的评价。 “动词＋介词to”构成的常用短语： pay attention to　　　　 注意 get down to 开始认真做 be/get used to 习惯于 refer to 参考；涉及；指的是 lead to 导致 [佳句]　I'm looking forward to seeing his new film as soon as possible. 我盼望尽快看到他的新电影。 [名师点津] 对look forward to的考查常常有两种形式：一种是考查to是介词，其后接名词、代词或者是动名词形式作宾语，尤其考查学生对doing的使用；另一种是look forward to是定语从句的一部分，主要考查的词是谓语动词而非look forward to的宾语。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 (1)The kids are looking forward to being_taken(take) to the zoo this weekend. (2)I was very happy that the letter I had been looking forward to came(come) at last. ◎能力提升——完成句子 (3)I'm going to get_down_to_studying_English this term. 这学期我要开始学习英语。 intend　v. 计划，打算 (教材原句)morally wrong and intending to hurt people 在道德上是错误的，并且打算伤害他人 (1)intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事 intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 (2)be intended to do sth./for sth. 专门为……；专门给…… (3)had intended to do sth. 本打算做某事但没有做成 [佳句]　I intend to join a Dragon Boat Training Camp.I wonder if you'd like to go with me. 我打算参加龙舟训练营，我想知道你是否愿意和我一起参加。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 (1)He intends to_go/going(go) abroad with the intention(intend) of improving his English. (2)We had_intended(intend) to arrive at our destination at 9 o’clock, but we didn't because of the traffic jam. ◎能力提升——句式升级 (3)The program was set up and it was intended to help the homeless. The program, intended_to_help_the_homeless,_was set up.(过去分词短语作定语) recognise　v．认识，辨认出 (教材原句)recognise differences between American English and British English 认识美式英语和英式英语之间的差异 (1)recognise... as/to be... 承认……是， 认出……是 It is recognised that... 人们公认…… (2)recognition n. 认出；认识 beyond recognition 认不出来 [佳句]　We all recognise Tu Youyou to be a great scientist. 我们都认为屠呦呦是位伟大的科学家。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 (1)Lincoln is recognised as one of the greatest presidents in America. (2)My hometown has changed beyond recognition(recognise) since I was last here. ◎能力提升——一句多译 (3)钟南山被公认为中国医学领域最伟大的科学家之一。 ①Zhong Nanshan is_recognized_as_one_of_the_most_greatest_scientists in the field of medicine in China. ②It_is_recognized_that_Zhong_Nanshan_is_one_of_the_most_greatest_scientists in the field of medicine in China. base　v．以……为基础 (教材原句)write a story based on given pictures根据已给图片写一个故事 (1)base... on/upon... 　 使……建立在……基础上 be based on/ upon 以……为基础 (2)basis n. 基础 on the basis of 以……为根据 [佳句]　He based his conclusions on the evidence given by prisoners. 他根据囚犯提供的证据得出了这个结论。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 (1)You’ll be able to choose a room based on/upon your own personal tastes. (2)Basing(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. ◎能力提升——句式升级 (3)The novel was based on an interesting story and it was well worth reading. →The novel based_on_an_interesting_story was well worth reading. (分词短语作定语) 重点句型解构 句型公式： not only... but also... 不但……而且…… (教材原句) Not only can you post specific questions，but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world. 你不但可以就特定的问题发帖，也可通过阅读来自全世界其他英语学习者的帖子来拓展自己的知识。 not only... but (also)... 不但……而且…… (1)用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者。 (2)可连接两个并列的句子。若not only位于句首时， not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。 (3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语动词的单复数采取“就近原则”。 [佳句]　Not only my parents but also I am fond of sports. 不但我父母而且我也喜欢运动。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 (1)Not only Tom but also his classmates are (be) coming to visit museum. (2)The British and the Americans not only speak the same language but share a large number of social customs. ◎能力提升——句式升级 (3)This opportunity will not only make you happy，but also satisfy your interest in Chinese operas. Not_only_will_this_opportunity_make_you_happy，but also it will satisfy your interest in Chinese operas. (改为倒装句) 维度一　单词拼写 1．They are debating whether or not to attend the informal (非正式的) party. 2．You can take the subway(地铁) No.1 to get to Tiananmen Square. 3．Without a context (上下文)，I would have believed it was written by a common figure. 4．The stage is divided into different sections (部分) according to different themes. 5．The film has received lots of good comments(评论) since it was released. 6．Don't let other people's negative(消极的) attitude towards life affect your own life. 7．No payments were made last week because of a computer error(错误). 8．The math examination was rather(相当) difficult. To our joy, a number of students passed it. 维度二　完成句子 1．I lost_contact_with my close friend ten years ago, that is, we have_been_out_of_contact_with each other for 10 years. 十年前我和我的好朋友失去了联系。也就是说，我们已经失去联系十年了。 2．It_is_recognised_that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face. 大家一致认为环境污染现在已变成人们所面临的最严重的问题之一。 3．Based_on_these_facts,_we can reach the following conclusions. 以这些事实为基础，我们能得出以下结论。 4．Not_only_the_nurses_but_also_the_doctor_is_very_kind_to the patients. 不仅护士而且医生对病人都很好。 5．We put up a board to_remind_people_to_protect_the_trees. 我们竖起一块牌子提醒人们保护树木。 课时精练(六)　Using language & Developing ideas (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　根据汉语提示或首字母填入单词的适当形式 1．I had thought that work was difficult. Actually(实际上)，it's very easy. 2．Be aware (明白的) that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of view. 3．Do you have any comment(s)(评论) to make about the cause of the fire? 4．“Coz” means “because”， but it is an informal(非正式的)language. 5．We shall provide people with learning disabilities with help in all sections(部分) of their daily lives. 6．The choice of the courses should be based on the students' interest. 7．It is said that he has spent the whole day decorating his sitting room. 8．I recogniz(s)ed him immediately although we haven't seen each other for two years. 9．I will meet you at the main entrance to the school at 7 o'clock. 10．His father is in prison，and his mother is out of contact． 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．We must base our friendship on/upon mutual respect. 2．It is impolite to make comments on/upon a person's appearance. 3．It is recognised that he is a wise leader. 4．I came across an old classmate in Oxford Street this morning. 5．He reminded me to_turn(turn) off the lights when I went out. 6．It is very easy to find a book intended(intend) for junior school students. 7．It's nearly eleven o'clock and mother is likely to_walk(walk) in at any moment. 8．Every student needs to be aware of the difficulties and challenges they are faced with. 9．It reminded us of the exciting moments we enjoyed together. 10．There should be toilets(厕所) for the disabled near the entrance to/of the cinema. 维度三　完成句子/词汇、句式升级/一句多译 1．The old photos reminded_me_of_the_days I spent in the countryside. 这些老照片使我想起了我在农村度过的那些日子。(remind) 2．The pilot was trying to contact his base. (词汇升级) The pilot was trying to make_contact_with his base. 3．Besides his job at the university，he's now running his own research company. (词汇升级) In_addition_to his job at the university，he's now running his own research company. 4．You are likely to suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. (句型转换) It_is_likely_that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. 5．我觉得我不能对他们的决定发表评论。 I don't feel I can comment_on their decision. I don't feel I can make_a_comment_on their decision. [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Many people like to explore the Internet.Exploring the Internet is one of the most important activities of the day.The Internet brings the outside world closer to people's homes.Some people say the world is smaller than before because of the Internet. What's going on in other countries? How do people live in places far away? Is there a good sports game somewhere? What's life like in the deepest part of the sea? If you want to answer all these questions，just come to the Internet.Of course，people can also learn through reading or listening to the radio.But with the Internet they can learn better and more easily.A lot of information can be collected at a great speed. Can we go shopping without leaving home? Can we see a doctor without going to the hospital? Can we study without going to school? Can we draw money without going to the bank? All these things seemed to be impossible，but now have become true. The Internet helps us to open our eyes.The_Internet_also_helps_to_open_our_minds.The Internet often gives us new ideas.In a word，it helps us in many ways.Great changes have taken place in our life since the use of the Internet. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了互联网使我们的生活发生了很大改变，给我们带来了极大的帮助；通过互联网，人们不出门就可以以极快的速度获取大量有用的信息。它在很多方面帮助我们，所以有人说，因为互联网，世界比以前更小了。 1．What's the main idea of the second paragraph? A．We can learn only through reading or listening to the radio. B．We can know everything through the Internet. C．A lot of information can be collected at a great speed through the Internet. D．We can become wise because of the Internet. C　[段落大意题。根据第二段最后两句“But with the Internet they can learn better and more easily.A lot of information can be collected at a great speed.”可知，有了互联网人们可以更好、更加容易地学习，大量的信息可以很快收集到。由此可知，本段主要介绍了通过互联网可以快速收集很多信息。故选C。] 2．According to the third paragraph，we can do the following on the Internet EXCEPT ________． A．go shopping without leaving home B．see a doctor without going to the hospital C．study without going to school D．draw money without banks D　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，我们可以足不出户就能购物，不去医院就能看病，不去学校就能学习，不去银行就能取钱；选项D的意思是“没有银行取钱”与原句意思不一致。故选D。] 3．The underlined sentence “The Internet also helps to open our minds.” means ________． A．we cannot think without the Internet B．something is wrong with our minds because of the Internet C．our minds can't be opened unless we search the Internet D．we can get some new ideas from the Internet D　[细节理解题。根据画线句子前后句中的“互联网有助于打开我们的视野”和“互联网经常给我们新的想法”可知，D项正确。] 4．The passage mainly tells us ________． A．the Internet helps us a lot in many ways B．we don't need banks，schools or hospitals C．the Internet is everything D．we cannot live without the Internet A　[主旨大意题。通读短文可知，本文是在说互联网可以帮助人们获取大量信息，给人们以极大的帮助。故选A。] B With the Chinese language growing in popularity，the UK government plans to invest(投资) 10 million pounds to help more kids learn Mandarin(普通话).Do you think it is necessary for the UK pupils to learn Mandarin? Some people share their opinions online. Tsd(UK)：The learning of any language can be valuable and rewarding，but it is not suitable for everyone.Chinese is a difficult language to learn and the UK has a poor reputation for teaching foreign languages.Why should they learn Chinese when most people in the world speak English? Mark(US)：I studied French for 2 years in high school and German for 4 years in college.I studied Mandarin informally for about 4 months before moving to China.Now I speak Mandarin every day as my wife doesn't speak English.But it is far from being fluent.Learning additional languages is a great thing，which offers a different perspective on the world around us.Nowadays，it's almost necessary to be able to speak more than just your native language. George(UK)：No，unless they're taught from a very early stage of childhood.Mandarin is so difficult.If China is really going to dominate the world，it'll have to do so by speaking the world's dominant language—English. Sam(UK)：I don't think Chinese will become as widely spoken throughout the world as English.It is too difficult to learn as a second language.To learn Chinese you completely have to devote yourself to learning how to write and read it.If you have to learn it besides other subjects you can't be good at it.But Chinese will become more popular，and that is a good thing. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了外国人关于学汉语普通话的一些看法。 5．What is probably Mark's main motivation(动机)for learning Chinese? A．Further education. B．Effective communication. C．His frequent travel. D．The official policy. B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“Now I speak Mandarin every day as my wife doesn't speak English.”和“Nowadays，it's almost necessary to be able to speak more than just your native language.”可推知马克学汉语的动机是为了有效的交流。故选B。] 6．What does Sam think of learning Chinese? A．It's necessary. B．It's of little use. C．It takes too much time. D．It's not popular. C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is too difficult to learn as a second language.To learn Chinese you completely have to devote yourself to learning how to write and read it.If you have to learn it besides other subjects you can't be good at it.”可推断他认为学习汉语要花太多的时间。故选C。] 7．What seems to be the major problem when foreigners try to learn Chinese? A．Its difficulty as a language. B．Misunderstanding about China. C．The great popularity of English. D．A lack of learning resources. A　[推理判断题。根据文中“Chinese is a difficult language to learn(汉语是一种难学的语言)”和“It is too difficult to learn as a second language.(作为第二语言，汉语很难学)”可推断，外国人尝试学汉语时的主要问题在于汉语太难学。故选A。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 When I arrived in Britain，I could hardly order food in English.Two years later，I calmly explained the Chinese grammar to a British friend in English.__1__． Pay special attention to the basic words Not all words are of the same importance.Some are far more important than the others.Studies have shown that the most common 300 words in any language account for about 60% of the communication.The most common 1，000 words account for more than 90% of the communication.The most basic 3，000 words account for more than 95% of the communication.__2__． Study hours a day for a certain period of time Studying five hours a day for two months will be better for you than studying five hours a week for two years.__3__．Repeating in time is very important for our memory.This is one reason why so many students find it so easy to forget. __4__ As with anything，if you're going to stick to it，you have to make it interesting.Don't just sit in a classroom in front of a book，or you're likely to get tired quickly.Go to events where you can practice while doing something fun instead.__5__．Find out about the person you're talking with.Talk about personal topics which you care about.Make it a personal life experience，or else you're going to be bored and forget everything you have talked. A．Find ways to make it fun B．Look for people you enjoy talking to C．The first 300 words will get you quite far D．I'd like to share the tips I've discovered over the past two years E．In other words，we should spend most of our time on the basic vocabulary F．Make meaningful simple sentences with the most common 300 words G．It's because if you study five hours per week you cannot repeat in time 语篇解读　 本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了作者在英国学习英语的一些小窍门。 1．D　[根据前面内容讲述可知，两年前自己不能用英语点餐，两年后的自己可以把汉语语法用英语解释给自己的英国朋友。下文讲到的是自己的一些技巧或秘诀，选项D项起承上启下的作用。] 2．E　[根据本段的小标题Pay special attention to the basic words及下面文章对交流中基本词汇所占的比例可知，基本词汇很重要。所以，本句是对段落的总结。故选E项。] 3．G　[结合本段首句“Studying five hours a day for two months will be better for you than studying five hours a week for two years.”和下文“Repeating in time”可知G项承上启下。故选G项。] 4．A　[本句为下段的小标题，根据上文中心句的特点，此处同样要用祈使句。在选项A和B中选；结合下面段落的第一句“As with anything，if you’re going to stick to it，you have to make it interesting.”可知此处应当是要使做事情有趣。故选A项。] 5．B　[根据后一句“Find out about the person you’re talking with.”和前一句“Go to events where you can practice while doing something fun instead.”可知，空处应承上启下，既要谈到有趣，同时也要引出人，B项“Look for people you enjoy talking to”符合题意。故选B。] Ⅲ.完形填空 An elderly woman is crediting(归功于) her neighbor's 4­year­old dog with saving her life during last week's dangerously cold temperatures. Tim Curfman was __1__ his garbage with his dog Midnight when he felt its __2__ was unusual. It had its ears held up looking at him. It didn't __3__ do that. Curfman got the feeling that something's __4__. So he observed how his dog was acting and __5__ it to a spot on the other side of his house. There, he saw his 87­year­old neighbor, Noreen, __6__ in the snow. She was trying to fill her bird feeder when she fell. Curfman __7__ she was out there at least half an hour. She could not get up because she didn't have enough __8__ to push herself up, and there was nothing around the corner to get a __9__ of, either. The temperature was one degree below zero, but Curfman and Midnight were able to __10__ her quickly. Noreen, who didn't have serious injuries, was lucky to __11__ frostbite(冻伤) even though her clothes were wet. Curfman called his wife and they together helped his neighbor up from the snow and into her __12__， where his wife helped the elderly woman get into __13__ clothes. Noreen was __14__ to Midnight for saving her life. “A dog like this __15__　to be proud of because it's not every dog that pays attention to things like this，” Noreen said in an interview. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Curfman和他的狗Midnight发现了跌倒在雪地里的邻居老太太并救助了她的故事。 1．A．sending out　　　　　　　　 B．taking out C．picking out D．handing out B　[根据语境可知，Curfman带他的狗Midnight出门扔垃圾。] 2．A．sound B．attention C．behavior D．appearance C　[根据空后对Midnight行为的描述可知，Curfman感觉Midnight的行为有些反常。故选C。] 3．A．normally B．suddenly C．really D．daily A　[根据上文中的unusual可知，Midnight行为反常，它通常不会有那样的行为。故选A。] 4．A．down B．in C．out D．up D　[看到Midnight的反常行为，Curfman感觉有事发生了。be up“发生”。故选D。] 5．A．trained B．drove C．walked D．followed D　[Curfman观察着Midnight的行为，跟着它来到他房子另一侧的一个地方。故选D。] 6．A．lying B．moving C．playing D．standing A　[根据后句中的fell可知，他的邻居躺在雪地里。故选A。] 7．A．guessed B．feared C．argued D．explained A　[因为Curfman没有亲眼看到邻居摔倒，所以他猜想她躺在雪地里至少半个小时了。故选A。] 8．A．time B．space C．strength D．courage C　[联系常识推断，倒在雪地里的87岁的老人自己没有力气爬起来。故选C。] 9．A．view B．hold C．taste D．command B　[老人躺在地里，她不仅没有力气爬起来，而且周围也没有东西可以抓住。get a hold of“抓住”。故选B。] 10．A．save B．report C．find D．visit C　[尽管天气很冷，但Curfman和Midnight很快找到了躺在雪地里的老人，这也是下文中老人受伤不严重的原因。故选C。] 11．A．face B．fight C．avoid D．suffer C　[当时的气温是零下一度，而且老人的衣服都湿了，这种情况下老人没有被冻伤是幸运的。] 12．A．car B．garden C．yard D．home D　[根据语境可知，Curfman和他的妻子把老人送回了老人的家中。故选D。] 13．A．dry B．clean C．old D．beautiful A　[从上文的“even though her clothes were wet”可知，老人的衣服都湿了，所以回到家后Curfman的妻子帮老人换了干衣服。故选A。] 14．A．grateful B．close C．rude D．polite A　[Midnight的反常举动引起了Curfman的注意，从而救了年迈的老人，所以老人对Midnight是感激的。故选A。] 15．A．expects B．intends C．waits D．deserves D　[根据语境可知，老人认为像Midnight这样的狗是值得人们感到骄傲的。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$