专题06 阅读理解（说明文+议论文）-【好题汇编】2024年高考英语一模试题分类汇编（天津专用）

专题06 阅读理解(说明文+议论文) Passage 1 【2024届天津市和平区一模】The world is full of advice on how to get a good night’s sleep, but sometimes doing so just isn’t possible. If you are struggling with a sleep disorder, are a shift worker or have a baby who. wakes every few hours, being told how to sleep well can be annoying. For others, despite feeling exhausted all day, a fourth episode of your favorite TV series can seem more appealing than going to bed. How do you know if you are sleep-deprived? For some people, the answer will be obvious; for others, it may be less so. Russell Foster, a professor at the University of Oxford, specifies three signs that you are probably not getting enough sleep: “Feeling that you don’t perform at your peak during the day; oversleeping on free days; or craving (渴望得到) a nap during the day.” “Lack of good sleep can cause an imbalance in your appetite hormones,” says Martin Meadows, a registered dietitian: “The hormone ghrelin, which causes you to feel hungry, increases and the hormone leptin, which signals that you are full; decreases.” As Meadows says: “It’s a perfect storm where we want to eat more and we don’t know when to stop, combined with the fact that when we are sleep-deprived our willpower is lower, arid it all becomes pretty tricky. Poor sleep, or sleep deprivation (匮乏), leads to an increased likelihood of poor lifestyle choices. Many of us get stuck in the habit of eating junk food, and the knock-on effect is that the junk food disturbs our sleep, because it’s higher in sugar; it’s more stimulating.” “Short term, you can get away with the negative influence of sleep deprivation of you,” says Foster. “It’s in the long term that things start to fall apart.” He catalogues the ill effects: “Your cognitive performance. drops with accumulated sleep deprivation—your communication skills, your decision-making skills, your memory.” There is also an increased risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, depression and psychosis. Fortunately, according to Me