Module 4 Unit 7 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer课时2 Grammar 课件 -2023-2024学年沪教牛津版（广州沈阳通用）英语九年级上册

课时2　Grammar 一、定语从句的定义 首先,先复习下定语的概念。在句子中用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词品质与特征的成分叫定语(attributive),表示“……的”。而在复合句中,充当定语成分的从句叫做定语从句(attributive clause)。例如: She is a brave girl.她是一个勇敢的女孩。(brave在这里作定语修饰名词girl) She is a girl who/that is not afraid of anything in the world.她是个无所畏惧的女孩。(who/that…world这个从句在这句话 中作定语修饰名词girl,所以被称为“定语从句”) 定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,后者的标志是先行词和定语从句之间用“,”隔开。中考阶段主要考察限制性定语 从句。例如: She is a girl who/that is not afraid of anything in the world.(限制性定语从句) He said that he had never seen her before,which was not true.(非限制性定语从句) 二、定语从句的结构 请观察以下两个例句: =The book is a gift for Tom’s best friend.+The book was written by Lu Xun. 其中各标记符号意为: 主句 定语从句 □先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 ○关系词:引导定语从句的词,包括关系代词who,that,which,whom和关系副词where,when,why等,中考阶段主要考察关系代词who,that,which;关系词替代先行词,在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。 由此可得结构为:先行词←(定语从句=关系代词+从句剩余部分) 三、关系代词 1.基本规则 关系代词 修饰的先行词 在从句中作的成分 who 人 主语;宾语 that 人;物 主语;宾语 which 物 主语;宾语 注意: (1) that相比who和which更常用于非正式文体。 (2) 当先行词在从句中作宾语成分时,可省略。如: The book(which/that) I bought yesterday is really interesting.(which/that引导定语从句,在从句中作宾语) The man(who/that) I met at the party is a doctor.(who/that引 导定语从句,在从句中作宾语) 2.特殊规则 关系代词通常用that,而不用who或which的情况: (1) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。如: This is the best movie(that) I have ever seen. (2) 先行词为all,every(thing),some(thing),any(thing), no(thing),none,little,few,much,only或被这些词修饰时,如: There is something that I want to tell you now. The only person that he admires is Yuan Longping. (3) 先行词是同时含有人和物的并列名词短语时,如: He talked about the schools and teachers that he had visited. 一、单项选择 ( )1.Qiu Chengtong is an intelligent mathematician 　　　. is known to millions of Chinese people. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.who　　　B.which　　　C.what　　　　D.when ( )2.In my opinion,of all the books,this is the only one　 　　　is well worth reading.  A.who　　　　B.that　　　　C.whom　　　　 D.what A B ( )3.She often parks her car near the house 　　　　 she can easily get to.  A.where　　　　 B.who C.which　　　　 D.what ( )4.Charlie told his mother all 　　　　 had happened.  A.that　　　　 B.wh