Unit1 Nature in the balance Grammar and usage 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册

Unit 1 Nature in the balance Grammar and Usage ---Ellipsis (省略) Lead-in Do you understand these elliptical sentences(省略句)? Beg your pardon? Nice to meet you. Sorry to hear that. What a good idea? My father planned and built all these houses I don' t like the way he talks. We' ll go to help you if necessary. We will do what we can (do) to help you. The sooner,the better. Beg your pardon? Nice to meet you. Sorry to hear that. What a good idea！ I don' t like the way he talks. We' ll go to help you if necessary. The sooner,the better. Ellipsis 省略 定义：为了避免重复，突出关键词语，并使上下文紧密连接，在句子中有时就省去了一个或几个句子成分。这种语法手段就称为省略。省略是重要的修辞原则，因此，只要不损害语法结构，不产生歧义，能省略的就应省略。(Ellipsis)。 简单句中的省略 并列句中的省略 复合句中的省略 其他省略 简单句中的省略 一、简单句中的省略 1..感叹句中常省略主语和谓语 What a hot day(it is)!多热的天啊! How wonderful (it is/they are)!(它/他们)多棒啊! 5 2.祈使句中的主语通常被省略 ① (You) Come in, please. ② (I) See you tomorrow. ③ (I) Thank you for your help. ④ (I) Beg your pardon. 一、简单句中的省略 6 3.在情景会话中，答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语、谓语或宾语部分，而只个保留对方希望了解的内容 ① (Is there) Anything else ? ②----Are you feeling better now ? ---(I'm feeling) Much better. ③----Have you ever been to the Great Wall? ---- No, (I have) never (been to the Great Wall) 一、简单句中的省略 7 并列句中的省略 二、并列句中的省略 两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 (1)如果主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语: ①He gave up drinking for several days, but (he) soon returned to his old ways.他戒酒了几天，但很快又恢复了老习惯。 ②She came forward and (she) shook hands with me. 她走上前和我握了手。 9 两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 (2).如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的部分 ①John must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 约翰一定是在打篮球，而玛丽一定是在做作业， 二、并列句中的省略 10 两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 (3).如果主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略 His advice made John happy, but (his advice made) Mary angry. 补充：如果前后两个简单句的部分有相同也可省略 The little boy wanted to drive his toy car to the shopping center alone,but his mother told him not to (drive his toy car to the shopping center alone). 二、并列句中的省略 11 三、复合句中的省略 在时间、条件、地点、让步和方式状语从句中，当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句