内容正文:
重难点02 介词辨析
中考英语对介词的考查集中在单项选择题、短文填空题。考查重点包括:时间介词、方位介词、方式介词、介词短语和固定搭配。本专题目的在于帮助学生梳理易混介词的用法,明晰他们之前的用法区别,以帮助同学们高效复习。
时间介词
Group 1
at
at:多用于表示具体的钟点时刻前或固定搭配at noon, at midnight, at night, at lunchtime。
in
in: 用于表示在某个世纪,某年,某月,某个季节以及一天的上午,下午,晚上,如:in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in May, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。用于表示“从现在起,多久以后”,如in an hour
on
on: 表示在具体的某一天和某一天的上午,下午,晚上时, 如:on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning等。
Group 2
since
since, 自从。表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻,因而往往要与现在完成时连用。(since+过去的时间点)
如:I haven’t heard from him since last summer.
after
after,之后。词组所表示的时段是过去,因而要与一般过去时连用。例如:After five days the boy came back.
Group 3
before
before 在......以前
during
during 在......期间,“during +时间段”与延续性动词连用表示某期间的动作
by
by “by+时间点”表示“到......以前为止”
from
from 说明开始的时间
for
“for+时间段”,常与现在完成时连用
方位介词
Group 4
at
at一般指小地方;;。如:
They arrived at a small village before dark.
on
on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”
The teacher put up a picture on the wall.
in
in一般指大地方或某个范围之内
He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.
There is a big hole in the wall.
Group 5
over
over, on和above都可表示“在……上面”,但具体含义不同。over表示位置高于某物,在某物的正上方,其反义词是under。如: There is a bridge over the river.
above
above也表示位置高于某物,但不一定在正上方,其反义词是below。如:We flew above the clouds.
on
on指两个物体表面接触,一个在另一的上面。例如:
They put some flowers on the teacher’s desk.
Group 6
in
in表示A地在B地范围之内.(包含关系)
Taiwan is in the southeast of China .
on
on表示A,B地接壤.(外切关系)
Hubei is on the north of Hunan .
to
to表示A,B两地有一定的间距.(外离关系)
Japan is to the east of China .
Group 7
in front of
in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”,在某个范围以外;
There are some tall trees in front of the building.
in the front of
in the front of 表示“在……的前部”,在某个范围以内。例如:The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.
Group 8
across
across 指横穿,穿过. 表示从......表面上经过.
Can you swim across the river ?
through
through 指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过.
The elephant is so big that it can’ t go through the gate .
over
over 表示从某人或某