重难点11.特殊句式与主谓一致-2024年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(浙江用)

重难点11.特殊句式与主谓一致 1.倒装句的基本用法 （1）副词倒装。当地点副词如here, there位于句首时，句子会发生倒装，以强调动作的发生，例如“There goes the last bus.”（末班车开走了）。 （2）否定词或词组倒装。当否定词如not, no, little, few, seldom, never等位于句首，或者否定词组如in no way等出现时，句子会发生部分倒装，例如“Not until 8 o'clock did the meeting begin.”（直到8点会议才开始）。 2主谓一致会做题,主要明确三道理 （1）明确主语单复数,依据语法一致原则。 （2）谈论部分与整体,用意义一致原则。 （3）选择情况,用就近原则。 1.not only...but also...连接两个句子时,not only位于句首时前句要倒装。 (1)Not only is he busy,but also I have a lot of work to do. (2)Not only does he speak English well,but also he speaks French very well. 2.so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语:上文是肯定句。 —Tina had eaten this kind of food. —So had Lucy. neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语:上文是否定句。 Mom won’t go to Beijing and neither will I. 注意：“so+主语+系动词/助动词/情态动词”结构,意为“……确实如此”。此结构是对前面提到的肯定事实予以确认,表示乙赞同甲的话。这种句型中,前后句主语相同。例如: —It may be in that pocket. 它可能在那个口袋里。 —Ah,so it is. 啊,真的。 4.形容词、分词或介词短语倒装。当这些词组位于句首时，为了保持句子平衡或强调表语部分，句子会发生倒装，例如“Sitting on the ground are a group of rabbits.”（席地而坐的是一群兔子）。 5. 表示度量、时间、距离、金额等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词往往用单数。 Seventy miles is a long distance. 七十英里是一段很长的距离。 6. 主语后面跟由with、together with、except、like、but等引导的短语时,谓语动词的单复数与前面的主语的数一致。 Tom with his parents has gone to Beijing. 汤姆和他父母已经去北京了。 7. “a number of + 名词复数”作主语时,谓语用复数;“the number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语用单数。 A number of students want to plant trees tomorrow. 明天很多学生想去植树。 The number of city dwellers is growing. 城市居民的数量日渐增长。 8. or、either. . . or. . . 、neither. . . nor. . . 、not only. . . but also. . . 等连接并列主语时或在there be 句型中,通常使用就近原则。 Either he or I am right. 或者他对,或者我对。 【真题演练】 一、单项选择 1. （2023·黑龙江）—It was the Dragon Boat Festival last Thursday. I watched the boat races by the lake. —________, but I didn’t see you there. A. So did I B. So I did C. Neither did I 2. （2022·贵州铜仁）— Li Ping, I didn’t go summer camping last year. — _________. A. So did I B. Neither did I C. Neither I did D. So I did 3. （2021·西藏）—She’s never read the book Journey to the West. How about you? — ________ . A. So am I B. Neither have I C. So have I D. Neither do I 4. （2018·四川攀枝花）— Will you go hiking with me next