大题08 概要写作 -【大题精做】冲刺2024年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（上海专用）

专题08 概要写作 概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。写概要时，是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。上海高考概要写作一般以说说明文为主、议论文次之，记叙文少有涉及。近年来实验研究报告类说明文是考查热点。 （上海交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题） The great teen sleeping crisis? A recent study found that only around 50% of US teenagers were getting the seven hours of sleep generally considered necessary. The other half were getting on average two hours less. These are worrying figures indeed, especially when you take into consideration latest recommendations from experts that seven to ten hours is best for teenagers. One thing we all need to do is to stop blaming teenagers for their sleeping habits, since they do have a biological excuse for their behaviour. It’s all the fault of the hormone melatonin. When melatonin increases through the body, it’s telling us that it’s time to go to bed. The problem is that in teenagers, melatonin is released two hours later than in adults, meaning that they get the call to go to bed much later than their parents. Then, when they’re forced to wake up in the morning, their melatonin levels are still high and their bodies are urging them to stay in bed. That’s why they find it such a struggle to drag themselves out from under the covers. So what can be done to make life easier for everyone? Well, one simple solution would be to start the school day two hours later. In the US, 40% of all teenagers start school before 8 am, which is clearly far too early for the average teenage brain to function properly. If a 10 am start time was implemented, it would give them a much fairer chance. In addition, teenagers themselves need to take more responsibility for their own sleeping patterns. It’s been proven that people who stick to a regular routine lead far healthier lives. Going to bed and getting up at the same time each day c