专题05：阅读理解之篇章结构题（好题巧练）-冲刺2024年中考英语总复习精讲巧练（辽宁专用）

专题05 阅读理解之篇章结构题（巧练） （真题感悟+名校模拟） ( 真题 感悟 ) 篇章结构题旨在考查学生对文章基本结构的把握能力。作者在组织材料的时候，会采用不同的方式，如总分式结构；并列式结构；对照式结构。或举例、比较、类比、因果、时间顺序、空间顺序或者故事发生的进程等方式来安排层次。 常见设题形式 1. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? 2. How is the text organized? 3. The author develops the passage mainly by ________. 4. The author supports his view by _________. 解题技巧 1、通读文章并了解文章结构的组织形式 常见的文章结构形式有三种： 1）总分式结构（总→分；总→分→总；分→总） 2）并列式结构 3）对照式结构（即常见的一正一反结构） 2、根据文章的体裁把握文章的结构 不同体裁的文章，议论文、说明文、记叙文其结构形式也是不一样的。 1）议论文常使用以下两种结构: a.Put forward a question→ Analyze the question→ Solve the question 即“提出问题→分析问题→解决问题”。 b.Argument→ Evidence→ Conclusion即“论点→论据→结论”。 议论文最常用的论证方式为举例论证，即用所列举的事物来论证观点，如：列数字和用典型的事例。 2）说明文常采用下定义、举例子、列数字、作比较等说明方法进行说明。 此类文章常见的结构形式有：总分式、并列式、递进式、对照式。 3）记叙文常以时间顺序、地点顺序、故事情节的发展顺序等方式来展开。 以故事情节为序又可以不按照事件的先后顺序叙述，比如：先写结局或事件中最突出的部分，再按事件的发展顺序进行叙述，这种叙述手法叫倒叙。 （2023·浙江湖州·统考中考真题） ①Chinese calligraphy (书法) was once considered an important part of the school curriculum (课程). However, for many reasons, some people think it’s less important to teach this art form at school now. In this article, I will look at both the pros and cons of learning Chinese calligraphy at school. ②One reason why Chinese calligraphy should be learned at school is that it is an important form of culture expression. Clearly, it is not just about practicing handwriting. It is also about connecting with a traditional Chinese art form. When students learn this art in class, they will become more interested in the works of famous Chinese artists. ③Another reason is that it may help students to develop patience. At the times of high technology, students are getting less patient for traditional classroom learning. By introducing Chinese calligraphy into the classroom, students’ patience can be improved because they have to practice focusing on each brush movement. ④From the above, it can be seen that there are clear advantages. However, others think there are some disadvantages. The first one is that it