专题02：阅读理解之词句猜测题（好题巧练）-冲刺2024年中考英语总复习精讲巧练（辽宁专用）

专题02 阅读理解之词句猜测题（巧练） （真题感悟+名校模拟） ( 真题 感悟 ) 1．单词或短语意义猜测 (1)根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。 (2)根据同位关系进行猜测。阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或短语意义进行猜测。 (3)根据同义关系进行猜测。当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的或相反的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，进而可推知其大致意思。 (4)根据构词法(合成、派生、转化等)进行猜测。在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀或在后面加后缀，从而构成另外一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义了。 (5)根据因果关系进行猜测。在一篇文章中，根据原因可以预测结果；同样，根据结果也可以找出原因。 (6)根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。文章中的代词it，that，this，he，him 或them等可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时还需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。 （2023·辽宁鞍山·统考中考真题） The system includes the Environmental Protection Law and a lot of laws in some other areas, such as the Yangtze River Protection Law, the Yellow River Protection Law, the Black Soil (土壤) Protection Law, the law on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and so on. These environmental protection laws assist with beautiful China. 2．The underlined word “assist” in Paragraph 2 is similar to ________. A．part B．agree C．help D．deal （2023·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题） Now, my daughter always reaches out to help people. She waves, makes eye contact(接触) and says “hi” to people on the street. She holds doors for people. She scoops up things that other people drop. 23．What does the underlined word “scoops” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．Breaks. B．Collects. C．Puts. D．Picks. （2023·辽宁锦州·统考中考真题） A few years ago, I went to Italy as an exchange student. Before leaving, I asked my mother what gifts I should take to the teachers and the classmates there. Mom said that the Chinese fan was a good option, for China is praised as “the Fan Kingdom”. I agreed completely, because it is more than a tool for cooling. And it’s also an important part of Chinese culture. 31．The underlined word “option” has the similar meaning to ________. A．choice B．place C．test D．party （2023·辽宁营口·中考真题） When he felt tired during the race, he told himself not to give up. “In long distance running, the only opponent you have to beat is yoursel