虚拟语气学案-2024届高三英语一轮复习

虚拟语气Subjunctive Mood · Function （1）_________________________________ （2）_________________________________ · Form I. 非真实条件句 条件句 主句 与过去事实相反 If sb. ______________ sth. Sb. ________________________________________ sth. 与现在事实相反 If sb. ______________ sth. Sb. ________________________________________ sth. 与将来事实相反 If sb. ______________ sth. If sb. ______________ sth. If sb.______________ sth. Sb. ________________________________________ sth. Sb. ________________________________________ sth. 陈述句/祈使句。 注意： 条件句中有_____，____或____时，如果省略if，则需把_____，____或____放在主语前，构成倒装结构。 e.g. If I were in your position, I would do it.→Were I in your position, I would do it. II. 错综时间条件句 当从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词所发生的时间不一致时，它们的形式要根据各自所发生的时间作出相应的调整。 E.g. If you had worked hard, you would pass the exam this time．(从句指过去，主句指现在) III. 含蓄虚拟语气 有时，假设的情况并不用条件从句表达，而是暗含在上下文中，由without，but for，otherwise，or等来表达。 E.g. Without electricity, life would be quite different today．(介词) But for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded．(介词短语) I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting．(副词) He telephoned to inform me of your plan or I would have known nothing about it．(连词) IV. 从句中的虚拟语气 1. 宾语从句 A. 用于表示建议、愿望、命令等动词后的宾语从句中，Sb + v. + 从句。 常见的动词有：demand，order，require，insist，suggest，advise，request，urge，command，recommend等。宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构为“should＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。 E.g. The school recommends that parents not permit their children to swim in rivers or lakes during summer holidays. 同理：It is demanded/required/insisted/suggested...that sb. (should) do 提示：当suggest作“表明”，insist作“坚持认为，坚持说”讲时，从句要用陈述语气。 E.g. The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry. He insisted (that) he heard someone in the next room. B. wish+宾语（规则如下） 对过去情况的假设：wish＋主语＋had＋过去分词 对现在情况的假设：wish＋主语＋动词过去式(be动词通常用were) 对将来情况的假设：wish＋主语＋would/could/might＋动词原形 C. would rather/would sooner后跟从句时用虚拟语气，表示愿望，意为“宁愿；但愿”。 对过去的假设： would rather sb. had done 对现在、将来的假设： would rather sb. did E.g. George is going to talk about the geography of hi