06.情态动词(虚拟语气)与连系动词-2024年中考一轮复习英语语法基础复习与巩固

2024年中考一轮复习英语语法基础复习与巩固 情态动词(虚拟语气)与连系动词 第一部分　情态动词(虚拟语气) 一、情态动词的分类及用法 情态动词 用法 举例 can could 表示许可(相当于may) No one can smoke in the hospital. 表示能力“能、会” Can you play the piano? 表示猜测(常用于否定句,can’t意为“不可能”) There’s no light on—they can’t be at home. may might 表示猜测,意为“可能” She may be here tomorrow. 表示许可,意为“可以” You may go now. 表示祝愿,意为“祝……” May you have a good time! must 表示主观看法“必须、应当” We must love our country. 表示很有把握的推断,意为“一定” The man must be a doctor. have to 表示客观需求“不得不” It rained heavily.We had to stay at home. need 表示需要(常用于否定句和疑问句) You needn’t come next time. should 表示义务或责任,意为“应该” You should study hard. would 表示建议、意愿或请求 Would you like a cup of tea? 表示猜测,意为“大概” That would be true. 【提示】(1)以may开头的一般疑问句的否定回答常用mustn’t或can’t, 表示“不可以”“禁止”等。 (2) 以must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答常用needn’t或don’t have to,而不能直接用mustn’t回答。 二、虚拟语气 类 别 用 法 例 句 If引导的 条件从句 与现在事实相反 从句动词：过去式（be用were） 主句动词：should/would/could/might+do If he were here, he would help us. 与过去事实相反 从句动词：had+done 主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+done If I had been free,I would have visited you. 与将来事实相反 从句动词：过去式/should+动词原形/were+to do 主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. 混合虚拟条件句 不同时间的虚拟：各遵守各的规则 ①If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now. ②If he had told me yesterday,I should know what to do now. ③If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party. 虚拟与陈述的混合：各遵守各的规则 ①He could have passed the exam,but he wasn’t careful enough. ②You should have come earlier.The bus left a moment ago. in order that/so that引导的状语从句中动词用can/could/may/ might/ would等+do Turn on the light so that we can see it clearly. 宾语从句 demand, suggest, order, insist后接的从句中动词为should+do He suggested that we not change our mind. wish后的从句中分别用过去式，过去完成式和should/would+do表示与现在，过去和将来情况相反 I wish I could be a pop singer. I wish I would have gone to Shanghai last month. 主语从句 在It is necessary / important / strange that… It is suggested / demande