08.动词的时态-2024年中考一轮复习英语语法基础复习与巩固

2024年中考一轮复习英语语法基础复习与巩固 动词的时态 第一部分 核心知识 一、一般现在时 1. 谓语形式、用法及时间状语 谓语形式 do/does 例句 用法 表示经常的或习惯性的动作 He often gets up at six every day. 表示现在的状态 My father is at work. 表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征 —Does he speak English? —Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t. 表示客观事实和普遍真理 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 表示计划、安排好的将来动作 The plane takes off at eleven o’clock in the morning. 用在时间、条件状语从句中 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go to the park. 时间状语 always、usually、often、sometimes、every day、twice a week、today、in the morning、on Sunday 2. 句型结构 (1)肯定句: ①句子中含有be动词:主语+am/is/are+其他. Jim’s father is a teacher. 吉姆的爸爸是一位老师。 ②句子中含有实义动词:主语+动词+其他. Linda often plays volleyball. 琳达经常打排球。 (2)否定句: ①句子中含有be动词:主语+am/is/are+not+其他. Jack isn’t my friend. 杰克不是我的朋友。 ②句子中含有实义动词:主语+do/does+not+动词原形+其他. She doesn’t have a dictionary. 她没有词典。 (3)一般疑问句: ①句子中含有be动词:Be+主语+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+be. 否定回答:No, 主语+be + not. —Is Jim your classmate?吉姆是你的同学吗? —Yes, he is. 是的,他是。/No, he isn’t. 不,他不是。 ②句子中含有实义动词:Does/Do+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+do/does. 否定回答:No, 主语+do/does not. (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句? What color do you like best? 你最喜欢什么颜色? 【基础练习】 Ⅰ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. Linda ____________(be) my cousin. 2. They ____________(be) doctors. 3. My parents always ____________(walk) hand in hand. 4. Light ____________(travel) faster than sound. 5. If Mark ____________ (go) to Beijing, he’ll call me. Ⅱ. 按要求改写句子 1. The girl is a student. (改为否定句) The girl ____________ a student. 2. They are Americans. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) —____________ ____________ Americans? —____________, ____________ ____________. 3. Jim rides a bike to school every day. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) —____________ Jim ____________ a bike to school every day? —____________, ____________ ____________. 4. He’s a bus driver. (对画线部分提问)  ____________ ____________ he? 二、一般过去时 1. 谓语形式、用法及时间状语 谓语形式 did 例句 用法 过去发生的动作或存在的状态 —What did you have for breakfast this morning? —I had a bowl of noodles. 说话时已不复存在的情况 I didn’t know I lost my pen. 描述过去发生的