期末Unit 2 单元知识清单 2023-2024学年沪教牛津版（广州沈阳通用）八年级英语上册

第二单元知识清单 1. 重点单词 number n. 数字 instructions n. 指示 check v. 检查 gram n. 克 son n. 儿子 chess n. 国际象棋 India n. 印度 wise adj. 充满智慧的 challenge v. 向......挑战 promise v. 许诺;承诺 prize n. 奖赏;奖品 grain n.谷粒 chessboard n.象棋棋盘 double v. 使加倍 amount n. 数量;数额 rest n. 剩余部分 gold n. 金子 instead adv. 代替 realize v. 认识到 copy v. 抄写 correctly adv. 正确地 traffic n. 交通 accident n. 事故 2. 重点短语 a long time ago 很早以前 challenge...to...向(某人)挑战 and so on 等等 from then on 从那时起 take place 发生 copy down 抄写 not...any more不再 in this way用这种方法 so that 为了;以便于 take...to...带......去...... a number of “大量的;许多” 作主语时。谓语动词用“复数” the number of “.......的数量” 作主语时。视其为: “1整体”谓语动词用单数 check in 登记;检票 check out 办理手续后离开 check up 检验 wisely adv. 英明地 wisdom n. 智慧;才智 = intelligence challenge sb “挑战某人” challenge... to... “向(某人)挑战...... 此时“to”为介词” meet the challenge迎接挑战 challenger n. 挑战者 challenging adj.具有挑战性的 promise sb. sth 许诺某人某物 promise to do sth 答应做某事 make a promise 许下诺言 keep a promise 遵守诺言 break a promise 违背诺言 3. 重点句型 Key sentences: 1.A long time ago, there was a king in India. 2.One day, an old wise man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. 3.If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard. 4.Wouldn’t you like gold or silver instead? 5.So the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice. 6.…he would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares. 【课文重点句子讲解】 1. A long time ago, there was a king in India. 很久以前,在印度有位国王。 a long time ago “很久很久以前” 与过去时连用。 a long time ago = long long time ago = once upon a time there be... 表示人或物的存在。 注意be动词与最相邻的名词保持一致,时态变化在be 动词上。 There is a boy and many books in the room. = There are many books and a boy in the room. 房间里有一个男孩和很多书。 2. One day, an old wise man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. 一天,一个年老的智者来到宫殿,国王向他挑战一个游戏。 one day 和some day one day 某一天 既可以指“过去的某一天”,也可以指“将来的某一天” some day 某一天 只表示“将来的某一天” challenge vi “挑战” challenge sb “向(某人)挑战” challenge...to... “向某人挑战......” 3. If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for