内容正文:
Unit 1 Look it up! 词汇精讲精练
Unit 2 Amazing numbers 词汇精讲精练
一、重点词汇
1. nouns(名词)
英文
中文
英文
中文
flight
(尤指乘飞机的)航程
per cent
百分之……
schedule
日程安排
budget
预算
prize
奖赏;奖励
province
省份
chessboard
国际象棋棋盘
system
系统
silver
银
symbol
符号;记号
hesitation
犹豫
2. verbs(动词)
英文
中文
challenge
向(某人)挑战
agree
同意;赞成
promise
承诺;保证
check
检查;核查
reply
回复;答复
count
计算(或清点)总数
wonder
想知道;琢磨
represent
代表
3. adverbs(副词)
英文
中文
everywhere
到处;各个地方
sharply
急剧地;突然大幅度地
currently
目前;当前
exactly
准确地;确切地
二、词汇衍生
1. challenge v. 向(某人)挑战 — challenge n. 挑战;质疑
2. promise v. 承诺;保证 — promise n. 承诺;诺言
3. reply v. 回复;答复 — reply n. 回复;答复
4. agree v. 同意;赞成 — ① agreement n. 同意;协议 ② disagree v. 不同意;反对
5. check v. 检查;核查 — check n. 检查;核对
6. represent v. 代表 — representation n. 代表;表现
7. exactly adv. 准确地;确切地 — exact adj. 准确的;确切的
三、一词多义 / 多用法
单词
含义 1
词性
含义 2
词性
flight
(尤指乘飞机的)航程
n.
航班
n.
schedule
日程安排
n.
安排;为…… 安排时间
v.
count
计算(或清点)总数
v.
重要
v.
check
检查;核查
v.
支票
n.
四、词汇知识要点
1. flight (n. 航班,班机;飞行)
常见搭配:
a domestic flight(国内航班);
a long-haul flight(长途航程);
book a flight(预订航班)
近义词:
journey(旅程,泛指各类行程)、trip(旅行,侧重短期出行)
例句:
① The flight from Beijing to Shanghai takes about 2 hours.(从北京到上海的航程大约需要 2 小时。)
② I missed my flight this morning.(我今天早上错过了航班。)
③ We had a smooth flight across the ocean.(我们跨洋航程很顺利。)
2. schedule (n. 日程安排)
词性关联:
schedule n. 日程安排 — schedule v. 安排;为…… 安排时间
常见搭配:
a tight schedule(紧张的日程);
follow the schedule(按日程进行);
adjust the schedule(调整日程)
近义词:
timetable(时刻表,更侧重固定时间安排,如列车、课程表)
例句:
① I have a busy schedule today.(我今天日程安排很满。)
② We scheduled the meeting for next Monday.(我们把会议安排在下周一下。)
③ The project is behind schedule, so we need to work overtime.(这个项目进度落后于日程,所以我们需要加班。)
3. challenge (v. 向(某人)挑战)
词性关联:
challenge v. 向(某人)挑战 — challenge n. 挑战;质疑
常见搭配:
accept a challenge(接受挑战);
face a challenge(面对挑战);
pose a challenge(构成挑战);
challenge sb. to sth.(向某人挑战做某事)
近义词:
difficulty(困难,侧重客观难题)、
task(任务,侧重需要完成的事)
反义词:
ease(容易;安逸)
例句:
① She challenged me to a race.(她向我挑战赛跑。)
② It's a difficult challenge.(这是一项艰难的挑战。)
③ Learning a new language is a big challenge for him.(学一门新语言对他来说是个大挑战。)
4. promise (v. 承诺;保证)
词性关联:
promise v. 承诺;保证 — promise n. 承诺;诺言
常见搭配:
make a promise(许下诺言);
keep a promise(遵守诺言);
break a promise(违背诺言);
promise to do sth.(承诺做某事)
近义词:
commitment(承诺,更侧重正式的、有约束力的承诺)
例句:
① He promised to help me.(他承诺帮我。)
② She kept her promise.(她遵守了诺言。)
③ She promised not to tell anyone about the secret.(她承诺不把这个秘密告诉任何人。)
5. reply (v. 回复;答复)
词性关联:
reply v. 回复;答复 — reply n. 回复;答复
常见搭配:
reply to a letter(回信);
reply quickly(快速回复);
a formal reply(正式回复);
reply to sth./sb.(回复某事 / 某人)
近义词:
respond(回应,更正式,可接 to)、answer(回答,侧重对问题的答复)
例句:
① Please reply to my email.(请回复我的邮件。)
② I'm waiting for his reply.(我在等他的回复。)
③ He didn't reply to my message until evening.(他直到晚上才回复我的消息。)
6. wonder (v. 想知道;琢磨)
常见搭配:
wonder about sth.(对某事感到好奇);
wonder if/whether(想知道是否);
wonder what/how/why(想知道什么 / 如何 / 为什么)
近义词:
question(质疑;想知道,侧重对事情的疑问)
curious(好奇的,adj.,需搭配 be curious about)
例句:
I wonder what he is doing now.(我想知道他现在在做什么。)
7. agree (v. 同意;赞成)
词性关联:
agree v. 同意;赞成 — ① agreement n. 同意;协议 ② disagree v. 不同意;反对
常见搭配:
agree with sb.(同意某人的观点);
agree to sth.(同意某事);
agree on sth.(就某事达成一致);
reach an agreement(达成协议)
近义词:
approve(赞同,更侧重官方或正式的认可)
反义词:
disagree(不同意)、oppose(反对,语气更强)
例句:
① We all agree with her.(我们都同意她的观点。)
② They reached an agreement.(他们达成了协议。)
③ They finally agreed on the plan.(他们最终就计划达成了一致。)
8. per cent (n. 百分之.......)
常见搭配:
fifty per cent(百分之五十);
a high per cent of(高比例的……);
per cent of + 名词(…… 中的百分之几)
注意:
“per cent” 也可写作 “percent”,作主语时,谓语动词单复数由后面的名词决定
例句:
Thirty per cent of the students are absent today.(今天 30% 的学生缺席了。)
9. currently (adv. 目前;当前)
词性关联:
current adj. 现在的;流通的
常见搭配:
currently working(目前正在工作);
currently available(目前可获得的);
currently studying(目前正在学习)
近义词:
now(现在,adv.,更口语化)、at present(目前,更正式)
例句:
He is currently writing a new book.(他目前正在写一本新书。)
10. budget (n. 预算)
词性关联:
n. 预算;政府预算案
v. 制定预算,制定开支计划;计划,安排
adj. 廉价的,经济型的
常见搭配:
a family budget(家庭预算);
stay within the budget(在预算范围内);
budget for sth.(为某事做预算);
make a budget(制定预算)
近义词:
finance(资金;财政,n.,范围更广)
例句:
We need to budget carefully for our trip.(我们需要为旅行仔细做预算。)
11. check (v. 检查;核查)
词性关联:
check v. 检查;核查 — check n. 检查;核对;支票
常见搭配:
check in(办理入住;报到);
check out(退房;检查);
check up on(核实;查看);
check the answers(检查答案);
write a check(开支票)
近义词:
examine(检查,更侧重详细、仔细的检查)
inspect(视察;检查,侧重官方或专业的检查)
例句:
① She checked her bag for her keys.(她检查包里有没有钥匙。)
② He wrote a check for 500 yuan.(他开了一张 500 元的支票。)
③ The doctor checked his heart carefully.(医生仔细检查了他的心脏。)
12. province (n. 省份)
常见搭配:
a coastal province(沿海省份);
the capital of the province(省会);
a western province(西部省份)
近义词:
state(州,用于美国、澳大利亚等国家的行政划分)
例句:
Guangdong is a developed province in China.(广东是中国的一个发达省份。)
13. sharply (adv. 急剧地;突然)
词性关联:
adj. sharp急剧的;锋利的;强烈的;敏捷的;刺耳的
n. sharpness锐利
常见搭配:
rise sharply(急剧上升);
fall sharply(急剧下降);
turn sharply(急剧转弯);
drop sharply(急剧下降)
近义词:
suddenly(突然地,侧重意外性)
steeply(急剧地,侧重坡度或幅度大)
例句:
The temperature dropped sharply last night.(昨晚气温急剧下降。)
14. count (v. 计算(或清点)总数)
词性关联:
v. (按顺序)数数;计数
n. 计算,总数
常见搭配:
count from 1 to 100(从 1 数到 100);
count on sb.(依靠某人);
count as(被视为);
count the number(计算总数)
近义词:
calculate(计算,侧重数学运算)
rely(依靠,与 count on 近义)
例句:
① Please count the number of students.(请清点学生人数。)
② Every vote counts.(每一票都很重要。)
③ You can count on me to help you.(你可以依靠我帮你。)
15. system (n. 系统)
词性关联:
adj. systematic系统的;体系的
v. systematized系统化,体系化
常见搭配:
a computer system(计算机系统);
an education system(教育体系);
a legal system(法律体系);
a management system(管理体系)
近义词:
framework(框架,侧重整体结构)
例句:
The new system has improved work efficiency.(新系统提高了工作效率。)
16. symbol (n. 符号;记号)
词性关联:
adj. symbolic象征的;符号的
vt. symbolize象征;用符号表现
常见搭配:
a national symbol(国家象征);
a cultural symbol(文化象征);
a symbol of peace(和平的象征);
a symbol of love(爱的象征)
近义词:
sign(标志;符号,更侧重指示性)
mark(标记,侧重留下的痕迹)
例句:
The dove is a symbol of peace all over the world.(鸽子是全世界和平的象征。)
17. represent (v. 代表)
词性关联:
represent v. 代表 — representation n. 代表;表现
常见搭配:
represent sb.(代表某人);
represent sth.(象征某事);
represent a company(代表一家公司);
a representation of sth.(某物的代表 / 表现)
近义词:
stand for(代表;象征,更口语化)
symbolize(象征,侧重抽象意义的代表)
例句:
① He represents our team.(他代表我们队。)
② This painting is a representation of nature.(这幅画是对自然的一种表现。)
③ He was chosen to represent our school at the meeting.(他被选中代表我们学校参加会议。)
18. exactly (adv. 准确地;确切地)
词性关联:
exactly adv. 准确地;确切地 — exact adj. 准确的;确切的
常见搭配:
exactly right(完全正确);
exactly the same(完全一样);
not exactly(不完全是;未必);
the exact time(准确时间);
exactly what sb. needs(正是某人需要的)
近义词:
precisely(精确地,语气更强)
反义词:
approximately(大约,侧重估算)
例句:
① Tell me exactly what happened.(准确告诉我发生了什么。)
② We need the exact time.(我们需要准确的时间。)
③ That's exactly what I thought.(那正是我所想的。)
19. everywhere (adv. 到处;各个地方)
常见搭配:
look everywhere(到处看);
find sth. everywhere(到处都能找到某物);
everywhere you go(无论你去哪里);
see flowers everywhere(到处都能看到花)
近义词:
here and there(到处,更口语化)
all over(到处,如 all over the world “全世界”)
例句:
There are flowers everywhere in the park in spring.(春天公园里到处都是花。)
20. hesitation (n. 犹豫)
词性关联:
adj. hesitant迟疑的;踌躇的
v. hesitate踌躇,犹豫
常见搭配:
without hesitation(毫不犹豫地);
show hesitation(表现出犹豫);
overcome hesitation(克服犹豫);
make no hesitation(不犹豫)
近义词:
doubt(怀疑;犹豫,侧重对事情的不确定)
reluctance(不情愿,侧重主观上的不愿)
例句:
She accepted the invitation without hesitation.(她毫不犹豫地接受了邀请。)
21. silver (n. 银)
词性关联:
silver n. 银;银色 — silver adj. 银色的
常见搭配:
a silver coin(银币);
silver jewelry(银首饰);
the silver medal(银牌);
silver hair(银发);
a silver car(银色的车)
用法:
可作名词表示 “银;银色”,也可作形容词表示 “银色的”
例句:
He gave her a necklace made of silver.(他给了她一条银制的项链。)
五、练习题
(一)词汇默写
根据中文提示写出单词。
1. (尤指乘飞机的)航程(n.)____________
2. 日程安排(n.)____________
3. 向(某人)挑战(v.)____________
4. 奖赏;奖励(n.)____________
5. 承诺;保证(v.)____________
6. 国际象棋棋盘(n.)____________
7. 回复;答复(v.)____________
8. 犹豫(n.)____________
9. 想知道;琢磨(v.)____________
10. 同意;赞成(v.)____________
11. 百分之……(n.)____________
12. 目前;当前(adv.)____________
13. 预算(n.)____________
14. 检查;核查(v.)____________
15. 省份(n.)____________
16. 急剧地;突然大幅度地(adv.)____________
17. 计算(或清点)总数(v.)____________
18. 系统(n.)____________
19. 代表(v.)____________
20. 准确地;确切地(adv.)____________
(二)词组汉英互译
1. 预订航班____________
2. 遵守诺言____________
3. 毫不犹豫地____________
4. 同意某人的观点____________
5. 在预算范围内____________
6. 急剧上升____________
7. 依靠某人____________
8. 和平的象征____________
9. 完全一样____________
10. 到处看____________
11. without hesitation____________
12. agree with sb.____________
13. stay within the budget____________
14. rise sharply____________
15. count on sb.____________
16. a symbol of peace____________
(三)根据中文提示写单词
1. The ____________(航程)from Guangzhou to London will take about 12 hours.
2. You'd better make a ____________(日程安排)before your trip to avoid missing important things.
3. He ____________(挑战)me to a game of chess yesterday.
4. She won the first prize in the singing competition, and the ____________(奖赏)was a new piano.
5. My parents ____________(承诺)to take me to the zoo this weekend if I finish my homework.
6. There are 64 squares on a standard ____________(国际象棋棋盘).
7. Please ____________(回复)to this message as soon as possible.
8. He spoke without ____________(犹豫)when the teacher asked him a question.
9. I ____________(想知道)how she managed to finish the work so quickly.
10. Do you ____________(同意)that we should start the project next month?
11. About 80 ____________(百分之……)of the students in our class like English.
12. He is ____________(目前)working as a teacher in a middle school.
13. We need to make a ____________(预算)for our family's monthly expenses.
14. The teacher asked us to ____________(检查)our answers before handing in the papers.
15. Zhejiang is a beautiful ____________(省份)in the east of China.
(四)根据首字母提示写单词完成句子
1. The f____________ from Shanghai to Paris was delayed for 3 hours because of bad weather.
2. I have a busy s____________ this week, so I don't have time to hang out with you.
3. She c____________ me to a swimming race, and I accepted it.
4. He won a p____________ for his excellent performance in the speech contest.
5. You should keep your p____________, or no one will trust you anymore.
6. He made no h____________ and decided to help the old man.
7. I w____________ if you can lend me your pen for a moment.
8. They a____________ to meet at the school gate at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.
9. C____________, more and more people like to shop online.
10. We need to c____________ the number of people who will attend the party.
(五)用所给词的适当形式填空
1. He accepted the ____________(challenge)without thinking twice.
2. She made a ____________(promise)to her parents that she would study hard.
3. I'm still waiting for his ____________(reply)to my email.
4. We reached an ____________(agree)after a long discussion.
5. The doctor gave him a ____________(check)and said he was in good health.
6. This ____________(represent)a big change in our company's policy.
7. That's ____________(exact)what I need. Thank you so much.
8. There is a ____________(system)for collecting and storing data in this company.
9. She showed no ____________(hesitate)when she heard the news.
10. The ____________(organize)of the event did a great job.
(六)根据中文提示,填写单词或词组完成句子
1. We need to ________ ________(预订航班)two weeks in advance to get a cheap ticket.
2. He always ________ ________ ________(遵守诺言), so everyone trusts him.
3. She ________ the invitation ________ ________(毫不犹豫地接受).
4. Do you ________ ________ ________(同意)his opinion on this matter?
5. We must ________ ________ ________(在预算范围内)to avoid overspending.
6. The number of tourists to this city has ________ ________(急剧上升)this year.
7. You can ________ ________(依靠)me if you have any problems.
8. The olive branch is ________ ________ ________(和平的象征)in many countries.
六、练习题答案
(一)词汇默写
1. flight
2. schedule
3. challenge
4. prize
5. promise
6. chessboard
7. reply
8. hesitation
9. wonder
10. agree
11. per cent
12. currently
13. budget
14. check
15. province
16. sharply
17. count
18. system
19. represent
20. exactly
(二)词组汉英互译
1. book a flight
2. keep a promise
3. without hesitation
4. agree with sb.'s opinion
5. stay within the budget
6. rise sharply
7. count on sb.
8. a symbol of peace
9. exactly the same
10. look everywhere
11. 毫不犹豫地
12. 同意某人的观点
13. 在预算范围内
14. 急剧上升
15. 依靠某人
16. 和平的象征
(三)根据中文提示写单词
1. flight
2. schedule
3. challenged
4. prize
5. promise
6. chessboard
7. reply
8. hesitation
9. wonder
10. agree
11. per cent
12. currently
13. budget
14. check
15. province
(四)根据首字母提示写单词完成句子
1. flight
2. schedule
3. challenged
4. prize
5. promise
6. hesitation
7. wonder
8. agreed
9. Currently
10. count
(五)用所给词的适当形式填空
1. challenge
2. promise
3. reply
4. agreement
5. check
6. represents
7. exactly
8. system
9. hesitation
10. organization
(六)根据中文提示,填写单词或词组完成句子
1. book;flight
2. keeps;his;promise
3. accepted;without;hesitation
4. agree;with
5. stay;within;the;budget
6. risen;sharply
7. count;on
8. a;symbol;of;peace
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$Unit 1 Look it up! 词汇精讲精练
Unit 2 Amazing numbers 词汇精讲精练
一、重点词汇
1. nouns(名词)
英文
中文
英文
中文
flight
(尤指乘飞机的)航程
per cent
百分之……
schedule
日程安排
budget
预算
prize
奖赏;奖励
province
省份
chessboard
国际象棋棋盘
system
系统
silver
银
symbol
符号;记号
hesitation
犹豫
2. verbs(动词)
英文
中文
challenge
向(某人)挑战
agree
同意;赞成
promise
承诺;保证
check
检查;核查
reply
回复;答复
count
计算(或清点)总数
wonder
想知道;琢磨
represent
代表
3. adverbs(副词)
英文
中文
everywhere
到处;各个地方
sharply
急剧地;突然大幅度地
currently
目前;当前
exactly
准确地;确切地
二、词汇衍生
1. challenge v. 向(某人)挑战 — challenge n. 挑战;质疑
2. promise v. 承诺;保证 — promise n. 承诺;诺言
3. reply v. 回复;答复 — reply n. 回复;答复
4. agree v. 同意;赞成 — ① agreement n. 同意;协议 ② disagree v. 不同意;反对
5. check v. 检查;核查 — check n. 检查;核对
6. represent v. 代表 — representation n. 代表;表现
7. exactly adv. 准确地;确切地 — exact adj. 准确的;确切的
三、一词多义 / 多用法
单词
含义 1
词性
含义 2
词性
flight
(尤指乘飞机的)航程
n.
航班
n.
schedule
日程安排
n.
安排;为…… 安排时间
v.
count
计算(或清点)总数
v.
重要
v.
check
检查;核查
v.
支票
n.
四、词汇知识要点
1. flight (n. 航班,班机;飞行)
常见搭配:
a domestic flight(国内航班);
a long-haul flight(长途航程);
book a flight(预订航班)
近义词:
journey(旅程,泛指各类行程)、trip(旅行,侧重短期出行)
例句:
① The flight from Beijing to Shanghai takes about 2 hours.(从北京到上海的航程大约需要 2 小时。)
② I missed my flight this morning.(我今天早上错过了航班。)
③ We had a smooth flight across the ocean.(我们跨洋航程很顺利。)
2. schedule (n. 日程安排)
词性关联:
schedule n. 日程安排 — schedule v. 安排;为…… 安排时间
常见搭配:
a tight schedule(紧张的日程);
follow the schedule(按日程进行);
adjust the schedule(调整日程)
近义词:
timetable(时刻表,更侧重固定时间安排,如列车、课程表)
例句:
① I have a busy schedule today.(我今天日程安排很满。)
② We scheduled the meeting for next Monday.(我们把会议安排在下周一下。)
③ The project is behind schedule, so we need to work overtime.(这个项目进度落后于日程,所以我们需要加班。)
3. challenge (v. 向(某人)挑战)
词性关联:
challenge v. 向(某人)挑战 — challenge n. 挑战;质疑
常见搭配:
accept a challenge(接受挑战);
face a challenge(面对挑战);
pose a challenge(构成挑战);
challenge sb. to sth.(向某人挑战做某事)
近义词:
difficulty(困难,侧重客观难题)、
task(任务,侧重需要完成的事)
反义词:
ease(容易;安逸)
例句:
① She challenged me to a race.(她向我挑战赛跑。)
② It's a difficult challenge.(这是一项艰难的挑战。)
③ Learning a new language is a big challenge for him.(学一门新语言对他来说是个大挑战。)
4. promise (v. 承诺;保证)
词性关联:
promise v. 承诺;保证 — promise n. 承诺;诺言
常见搭配:
make a promise(许下诺言);
keep a promise(遵守诺言);
break a promise(违背诺言);
promise to do sth.(承诺做某事)
近义词:
commitment(承诺,更侧重正式的、有约束力的承诺)
例句:
① He promised to help me.(他承诺帮我。)
② She kept her promise.(她遵守了诺言。)
③ She promised not to tell anyone about the secret.(她承诺不把这个秘密告诉任何人。)
5. reply (v. 回复;答复)
词性关联:
reply v. 回复;答复 — reply n. 回复;答复
常见搭配:
reply to a letter(回信);
reply quickly(快速回复);
a formal reply(正式回复);
reply to sth./sb.(回复某事 / 某人)
近义词:
respond(回应,更正式,可接 to)、answer(回答,侧重对问题的答复)
例句:
① Please reply to my email.(请回复我的邮件。)
② I'm waiting for his reply.(我在等他的回复。)
③ He didn't reply to my message until evening.(他直到晚上才回复我的消息。)
6. wonder (v. 想知道;琢磨)
常见搭配:
wonder about sth.(对某事感到好奇);
wonder if/whether(想知道是否);
wonder what/how/why(想知道什么 / 如何 / 为什么)
近义词:
question(质疑;想知道,侧重对事情的疑问)
curious(好奇的,adj.,需搭配 be curious about)
例句:
I wonder what he is doing now.(我想知道他现在在做什么。)
7. agree (v. 同意;赞成)
词性关联:
agree v. 同意;赞成 — ① agreement n. 同意;协议 ② disagree v. 不同意;反对
常见搭配:
agree with sb.(同意某人的观点);
agree to sth.(同意某事);
agree on sth.(就某事达成一致);
reach an agreement(达成协议)
近义词:
approve(赞同,更侧重官方或正式的认可)
反义词:
disagree(不同意)、oppose(反对,语气更强)
例句:
① We all agree with her.(我们都同意她的观点。)
② They reached an agreement.(他们达成了协议。)
③ They finally agreed on the plan.(他们最终就计划达成了一致。)
8. per cent (n. 百分之.......)
常见搭配:
fifty per cent(百分之五十);
a high per cent of(高比例的……);
per cent of + 名词(…… 中的百分之几)
注意:
“per cent” 也可写作 “percent”,作主语时,谓语动词单复数由后面的名词决定
例句:
Thirty per cent of the students are absent today.(今天 30% 的学生缺席了。)
9. currently (adv. 目前;当前)
词性关联:
current adj. 现在的;流通的
常见搭配:
currently working(目前正在工作);
currently available(目前可获得的);
currently studying(目前正在学习)
近义词:
now(现在,adv.,更口语化)、at present(目前,更正式)
例句:
He is currently writing a new book.(他目前正在写一本新书。)
10. budget (n. 预算)
词性关联:
n. 预算;政府预算案
v. 制定预算,制定开支计划;计划,安排
adj. 廉价的,经济型的
常见搭配:
a family budget(家庭预算);
stay within the budget(在预算范围内);
budget for sth.(为某事做预算);
make a budget(制定预算)
近义词:
finance(资金;财政,n.,范围更广)
例句:
We need to budget carefully for our trip.(我们需要为旅行仔细做预算。)
11. check (v. 检查;核查)
词性关联:
check v. 检查;核查 — check n. 检查;核对;支票
常见搭配:
check in(办理入住;报到);
check out(退房;检查);
check up on(核实;查看);
check the answers(检查答案);
write a check(开支票)
近义词:
examine(检查,更侧重详细、仔细的检查)
inspect(视察;检查,侧重官方或专业的检查)
例句:
① She checked her bag for her keys.(她检查包里有没有钥匙。)
② He wrote a check for 500 yuan.(他开了一张 500 元的支票。)
③ The doctor checked his heart carefully.(医生仔细检查了他的心脏。)
12. province (n. 省份)
常见搭配:
a coastal province(沿海省份);
the capital of the province(省会);
a western province(西部省份)
近义词:
state(州,用于美国、澳大利亚等国家的行政划分)
例句:
Guangdong is a developed province in China.(广东是中国的一个发达省份。)
13. sharply (adv. 急剧地;突然)
词性关联:
adj. sharp急剧的;锋利的;强烈的;敏捷的;刺耳的
n. sharpness锐利
常见搭配:
rise sharply(急剧上升);
fall sharply(急剧下降);
turn sharply(急剧转弯);
drop sharply(急剧下降)
近义词:
suddenly(突然地,侧重意外性)
steeply(急剧地,侧重坡度或幅度大)
例句:
The temperature dropped sharply last night.(昨晚气温急剧下降。)
14. count (v. 计算(或清点)总数)
词性关联:
v. (按顺序)数数;计数
n. 计算,总数
常见搭配:
count from 1 to 100(从 1 数到 100);
count on sb.(依靠某人);
count as(被视为);
count the number(计算总数)
近义词:
calculate(计算,侧重数学运算)
rely(依靠,与 count on 近义)
例句:
① Please count the number of students.(请清点学生人数。)
② Every vote counts.(每一票都很重要。)
③ You can count on me to help you.(你可以依靠我帮你。)
15. system (n. 系统)
词性关联:
adj. systematic系统的;体系的
v. systematized系统化,体系化
常见搭配:
a computer system(计算机系统);
an education system(教育体系);
a legal system(法律体系);
a management system(管理体系)
近义词:
framework(框架,侧重整体结构)
例句:
The new system has improved work efficiency.(新系统提高了工作效率。)
16. symbol (n. 符号;记号)
词性关联:
adj. symbolic象征的;符号的
vt. symbolize象征;用符号表现
常见搭配:
a national symbol(国家象征);
a cultural symbol(文化象征);
a symbol of peace(和平的象征);
a symbol of love(爱的象征)
近义词:
sign(标志;符号,更侧重指示性)
mark(标记,侧重留下的痕迹)
例句:
The dove is a symbol of peace all over the world.(鸽子是全世界和平的象征。)
17. represent (v. 代表)
词性关联:
represent v. 代表 — representation n. 代表;表现
常见搭配:
represent sb.(代表某人);
represent sth.(象征某事);
represent a company(代表一家公司);
a representation of sth.(某物的代表 / 表现)
近义词:
stand for(代表;象征,更口语化)
symbolize(象征,侧重抽象意义的代表)
例句:
① He represents our team.(他代表我们队。)
② This painting is a representation of nature.(这幅画是对自然的一种表现。)
③ He was chosen to represent our school at the meeting.(他被选中代表我们学校参加会议。)
18. exactly (adv. 准确地;确切地)
词性关联:
exactly adv. 准确地;确切地 — exact adj. 准确的;确切的
常见搭配:
exactly right(完全正确);
exactly the same(完全一样);
not exactly(不完全是;未必);
the exact time(准确时间);
exactly what sb. needs(正是某人需要的)
近义词:
precisely(精确地,语气更强)
反义词:
approximately(大约,侧重估算)
例句:
① Tell me exactly what happened.(准确告诉我发生了什么。)
② We need the exact time.(我们需要准确的时间。)
③ That's exactly what I thought.(那正是我所想的。)
19. everywhere (adv. 到处;各个地方)
常见搭配:
look everywhere(到处看);
find sth. everywhere(到处都能找到某物);
everywhere you go(无论你去哪里);
see flowers everywhere(到处都能看到花)
近义词:
here and there(到处,更口语化)
all over(到处,如 all over the world “全世界”)
例句:
There are flowers everywhere in the park in spring.(春天公园里到处都是花。)
20. hesitation (n. 犹豫)
词性关联:
adj. hesitant迟疑的;踌躇的
v. hesitate踌躇,犹豫
常见搭配:
without hesitation(毫不犹豫地);
show hesitation(表现出犹豫);
overcome hesitation(克服犹豫);
make no hesitation(不犹豫)
近义词:
doubt(怀疑;犹豫,侧重对事情的不确定)
reluctance(不情愿,侧重主观上的不愿)
例句:
She accepted the invitation without hesitation.(她毫不犹豫地接受了邀请。)
21. silver (n. 银)
词性关联:
silver n. 银;银色 — silver adj. 银色的
常见搭配:
a silver coin(银币);
silver jewelry(银首饰);
the silver medal(银牌);
silver hair(银发);
a silver car(银色的车)
用法:
可作名词表示 “银;银色”,也可作形容词表示 “银色的”
例句:
He gave her a necklace made of silver.(他给了她一条银制的项链。)
五、练习题
(一)词汇默写
根据中文提示写出单词。
1. (尤指乘飞机的)航程(n.)____________
2. 日程安排(n.)____________
3. 向(某人)挑战(v.)____________
4. 奖赏;奖励(n.)____________
5. 承诺;保证(v.)____________
6. 国际象棋棋盘(n.)____________
7. 回复;答复(v.)____________
8. 犹豫(n.)____________
9. 想知道;琢磨(v.)____________
10. 同意;赞成(v.)____________
11. 百分之……(n.)____________
12. 目前;当前(adv.)____________
13. 预算(n.)____________
14. 检查;核查(v.)____________
15. 省份(n.)____________
16. 急剧地;突然大幅度地(adv.)____________
17. 计算(或清点)总数(v.)____________
18. 系统(n.)____________
19. 代表(v.)____________
20. 准确地;确切地(adv.)____________
(二)词组汉英互译
1. 预订航班____________
2. 遵守诺言____________
3. 毫不犹豫地____________
4. 同意某人的观点____________
5. 在预算范围内____________
6. 急剧上升____________
7. 依靠某人____________
8. 和平的象征____________
9. 完全一样____________
10. 到处看____________
11. without hesitation____________
12. agree with sb.____________
13. stay within the budget____________
14. rise sharply____________
15. count on sb.____________
16. a symbol of peace____________
(三)根据中文提示写单词
1. The ____________(航程)from Guangzhou to London will take about 12 hours.
2. You'd better make a ____________(日程安排)before your trip to avoid missing important things.
3. He ____________(挑战)me to a game of chess yesterday.
4. She won the first prize in the singing competition, and the ____________(奖赏)was a new piano.
5. My parents ____________(承诺)to take me to the zoo this weekend if I finish my homework.
6. There are 64 squares on a standard ____________(国际象棋棋盘).
7. Please ____________(回复)to this message as soon as possible.
8. He spoke without ____________(犹豫)when the teacher asked him a question.
9. I ____________(想知道)how she managed to finish the work so quickly.
10. Do you ____________(同意)that we should start the project next month?
11. About 80 ____________(百分之……)of the students in our class like English.
12. He is ____________(目前)working as a teacher in a middle school.
13. We need to make a ____________(预算)for our family's monthly expenses.
14. The teacher asked us to ____________(检查)our answers before handing in the papers.
15. Zhejiang is a beautiful ____________(省份)in the east of China.
(四)根据首字母提示写单词完成句子
1. The f____________ from Shanghai to Paris was delayed for 3 hours because of bad weather.
2. I have a busy s____________ this week, so I don't have time to hang out with you.
3. She c____________ me to a swimming race, and I accepted it.
4. He won a p____________ for his excellent performance in the speech contest.
5. You should keep your p____________, or no one will trust you anymore.
6. He made no h____________ and decided to help the old man.
7. I w____________ if you can lend me your pen for a moment.
8. They a____________ to meet at the school gate at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.
9. C____________, more and more people like to shop online.
10. We need to c____________ the number of people who will attend the party.
(五)用所给词的适当形式填空
1. He accepted the ____________(challenge)without thinking twice.
2. She made a ____________(promise)to her parents that she would study hard.
3. I'm still waiting for his ____________(reply)to my email.
4. We reached an ____________(agree)after a long discussion.
5. The doctor gave him a ____________(check)and said he was in good health.
6. This ____________(represent)a big change in our company's policy.
7. That's ____________(exact)what I need. Thank you so much.
8. There is a ____________(system)for collecting and storing data in this company.
9. She showed no ____________(hesitate)when she heard the news.
10. The ____________(organize)of the event did a great job.
(六)根据中文提示,填写单词或词组完成句子
1. We need to ________ ________(预订航班)two weeks in advance to get a cheap ticket.
2. He always ________ ________ ________(遵守诺言), so everyone trusts him.
3. She ________ the invitation ________ ________(毫不犹豫地接受).
4. Do you ________ ________ ________(同意)his opinion on this matter?
5. We must ________ ________ ________(在预算范围内)to avoid overspending.
6. The number of tourists to this city has ________ ________(急剧上升)this year.
7. You can ________ ________(依靠)me if you have any problems.
8. The olive branch is ________ ________ ________(和平的象征)in many countries.
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