内容正文:
13 高考语法填空抢分热点之状语从句
一、考点精讲
状语从句有九种,状语从句的引导词和时态搭配,尤其是条件状语从句、时间状语从句的时态搭配是考点。
1. 时间状语从句
(1)引导词:when/before/after/until/not...until/as/while/as soon as等;名词词组the moment/the second/the minute/the instant和immediately/directly/instantly相当于as soon as引导时间状语从句;hardly...when.../no sooner...than...“一......就......”,其中主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时;一些含有time的名词短语,如every time, each time, next time, by the time等,也可引导一个时间状语从句。例如:I didn’t wait a moment, but came immediately you called. (我一刻都没等。你一打电话我就来了。)
(2)时间状语从句的主句如果是一般将来时(一般现在时、祈使句、含情态动词),则从句用一般现在时,特别注意主语是单数第三人称的时候;如果主句是一般过去时态,则从句也用相应的过去时态。例如:
注意常考的句型:
①be about to do…when=be on the point of doing…when… 正要做…这时突然...... 例如:I was about to go out when it began to rain.(我正要出去,这时候天突然开始下雨。)
②be doing…when…正在做…这时突然...... 例如:I was doing my homework when someone knocked at the door.(我正在做作业,这时有人敲门。)
③had just done …when 刚做完…这时突然...... 例如:I had arrived home when the phone rang.(我刚到家,电话就响了。)
2. 条件状语从句
引导词:if“如果”;unless“除非”;once“一旦”;in case“万一”;as/so long as“只要”。条件状语从句的主句如果是一般将来时(一般现在时、祈使句、含情态动词),则从句用一般现在时,特别注意主语是单数第三人称的时候。例如:Once you see him, you will never forget him.(一旦你见到他,你就永远不会忘记他。)
3. 地点状语从句
引导词:where“在......的地方”;wherever“无论在哪里”。例如:Please put your coat where it was.(请把大衣放在它原来在的地方。)
4. 原因状语从句
引导词:because/as/since/now that,其中because意为“因为”,as 意为“由于”,since和now that的意思是“既然”。例如:I didn’t go, because I was ill at that time.(我没有去,因为那时我病了。)
5. 结果状语从句
引导词:so...that... “如此......以致于......”,其中so修饰形容词或副词;such...that...“如此......以致于......”,其中such修饰的中心词是名词。特别注意:so+表示数量的词(many/much/few/little)+名词,其中little的意思是“少的”。例如:Ann is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.(安是一位好老师,每个人都钦佩她。);There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him.(大厅里有那么多人,我很难找到他。)
6. 目的状语从句
引导词:in order that“为了......”;so that“为了......”。例如:She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.(她买这本书是为了能跟上电视课程。)
7. 方式状语从句
引导词:as “像......一样”;as if/as though “好像”。例如:He acted as if nothing had happened.(他表现得好像什么事也没发生过。)
8. 比较状语从句
引导词:as...as.../not as(so)...as.../