内容正文:
高考英语语法词汇专项突破:05透视what引导的名词性从句用法
【导读】
1、 what引导主语从句 二what引导宾语从句
2、 what引导表语从句 四、what引导同位语从句
五、Whatever引导名词性从句 六、What在所引导名词性从句中的特殊意义
先请看题:
【考例】(2021新高考I卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
答案与解析:What。考查主语从句。此处是主语从句,从句缺乏主语,应用what引导,指代“经历的事情”。故填What。句意:去黄山使我想起了披头士乐队的那首流行歌曲《漫漫长路》。这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。
what引导的名词性从句是历年高考热点。引导名词性从句的what是连接代词,有时候也作连接形容词,其本身在所引导的名词性从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和补足语等。what的在句子中的基本意思是一方面有疑问的意思,表示“什么”,另一方面相当于自带先行词的定语从句,有the thing(s) that等意思,表示引导的从句的表示“……的东西或事情”; 表示“……的人或的样子”; 表示“……的数量或数目”; 表示“……的时间”; 表示“……的地方”。what相当于“先行词+关系代词”, 所以其前不能有先行词。what=all that, the thing that, the person that,即what相当于“先行词+关系代词”,引导名词性从句时其本身在从句中主语、宾语、表语或定语。下面拟结合历年高考试题对what引导的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种名词性从句及其他用法进行小结。
1、 What引导主语从句
1. what引导的主语从句在在复合句中作主语,一般用来描述或解释主句中的名词或动词,通常谓语动词用单数形式,但是what引导的主语从句也要考虑到其所代表的意义,因此也会出现用复数的情况。如:What they need are some books.“他们需要的是一些书。”连接代词what本身可在所引导的主语从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如:
What he wants is to be a doctor. 他想成为一名医生。
What we need to do is to finish the project on time. 我们需要做的是按时完成这个项目。
He did not talk very much, either then or later when we were having drinks, but what he said was sensible.
无论在玩牌的时候,还是在后来一起喝酒的时候,他的话都不多,但说的话却都合情合理。
What she did was wrong, hurtful, but she is innocent.
她的行为虽然是错误的、伤人的,但那是由于天真。
What we need is more time. 我们所需要的是更多的时间。
What impressed me most was not just that you are earning more and giving your children a brighter future, but how you were able to come together for a common purpose.
最令我感动的不仅是你们不断增加收入并给子女创造了更好的未来,而且还有你们能够为一个共同的目标走到一起来的方法。
What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.
让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡.
【考例】(上海春招XXXX) ______ made the school proud was ____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because
答案与解析:B。what在引导的主语从句中作主语,that引导表语从句,故选B