组合练14 生态保护（Word练习）-【优化指导】2024高考英语二轮复习高中总复习·第2轮（老教材）

组合练(十四)　生态保护 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 语篇类型 主题语境 说明文 人与自然——人与动物之保护大西洋鲑 (2023·山东临沂二模)The Atlantic salmon(鲑) of Scotland are hardy and determined animals.Each spring and summer，they return from the North Atlantic Ocean to lay eggs in Scotland's shallow rivers，leaping up waterfalls and over barriers，pushing themselves upstream in enormous efforts.Some fail，and the others succeed，but today they face yet another challenge. During the mid­1980s，there were between eight and ten million salmon swimming around Scotland's Atlantic coast；that number has now dropped sharply.There's evidence of reducing the availability of the salmon's prey(猎物)as climate change warms and acidifies the ocean.New research suggests climate change is also bearing down on rivers，which is bad news for salmon.Having adapted to life in cold water, salmon experience slow growth and population changes at high temperatures.Heat influences their health and reduces their resistance to disease. “Now salmon are struggling to deal with the rising temperatures.There are recent records of 27 ℃ in the upper reaches of the Dee catchment，”says Peter Cairns，director of an environmental charity.In 2018，Scotland recorded the lowest pole catch for salmon since records began.Evidence suggests that the degraded quality of river worsens the impact of our changing climate.“Atlantic salmon evolved using river systems in Scotland that were once way more forested and therefore shaded.”Yet Scotland is today one of the least wooded countries in Europe，with just 3 percent of its native woodland undamaged.Scientists have found that just 35 percent of rivers in Scotland have enough tree cover for salmon survival. A movement to get trees back on riverbanks is gathering pace.“Broadleaf trees close to the bank can reduce the light that enters the water，” explains fisheries scientist Anthony Hawkins.A new initiative called Riverwoods—led by the Scottish Wildlife Trust and supported by Scottish Water and several other government and regulatory bod