外刊精读：Firefighting goats“山羊消防队”（学案+教案）2024届高考英语一轮复习

2024届高考备考 外刊精读 Day 76 Firefighting goats “山羊消防队” 学案 文本导读： 在智利的南部城市圣胡安娜，有一群特殊的消防员：山羊。它们可不是什么卡通形象或者吉祥物，而是真的立下大功的“消防羊”！2月，当地在热浪和干旱下爆发了一场严重的森林大火，44万公顷的土地被野火吞噬，造成了数十人身亡，数千人受伤，但是，城市里16公顷的公园却幸存了下来，成为了少数剩下的绿地，而这则是这群山羊的功劳。 Step 1:词汇温习 fire safety 消防安全 wildfire 野火 goatherd 山羊群 risk 风险，隐患 weather conditions 天气状况 vegetation 植被，植物 fuel 燃料，易燃物 fuel load （一定空间内的）易燃物总量 landscape management 景观生态管理 digestive system 消化系统 toxic 有毒的 clearance 清理，清除（杂草等植物） vegetation patch 植被斑块 hind leg 后腿 devour 吞食 shrub 灌木 grass 草 fire protection measure 防火措施 lawnmower 割草机 graze 吃草 herbicide 除草剂 spray 喷洒 Step 2: 原文精听+精读 Meat, milk, cheese - just some of the things provided by goats. But now we can also add fire safety to this list. As wildfires damage increasingly large areas of the planet each year, goatherds may offer a way of reducing the risk. Wildfires are made possible by hot, dry weather conditions as well as a supply of dead vegetation that serves as fuel. We may have limited control over the first factor, but we can control the second. Reducing the fuel load lowers the probability of wildfires occurring, as well as the amount of damage caused. This is where we can turn to goats to provide a solution. Goats are being used for landscape management in a number of places around the world, including Greece, Spain, Portugal, Chile and various parts of the United States. Goats have a very tough digestive system. Many kinds of vegetation that are toxic to other animals can be easily eaten by goats. It's not just fully-grown plants that goats are able to deal with: any seeds that pass through a goat become non-viable and will not grow. Human clearance teams have to worry about getting to hard-to-reach vegetation patches- goats don't. They are skilled mountain climbers and when standing on their hind legs, can reach up to two metres to devour shrubs and grass that humans would struggle to reach. Because of this, using goats can