作业02 动词时态语态 -【寒假分层作业】2024年高一英语寒假培优练（新高考专用）

作业02 动词时态和语态 ( 积累运用 ) 被动语态的构成 英语中的及物动词一般都有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。被动语态由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数和句子的时态、语气的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式见下表： 时 体　　 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 一般 is/am/ are done was/were done will/shall be done would/ should be done 进行 is/am/are being done was/were being done － － 完成 have/has been done had been done will/shall have been done would/ should have been done (一)不能用被动语态的特殊动词 1．系动词类(look，seem，feel，taste，sound，prove，appear等)。 2．表示主语特征的词(read，wash，write，sell，wear，lock等)，常与not，hardly，well，easily，badly，nicely等副词连用。 This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布料容易洗。 (二)get构成的表示被动的短语：get paid/lost/hurt等 We get paid by the week.我们按周获得薪酬。 (三)主动形式表示被动意义 1．在need，want，require，deserve，bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired.这房子需要修理。 2．在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”中不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。 The problem is difficult to work out.这道题很难计算出。 3．be to rent/blame/let主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake?谁应为此错误接受谴责？ The house is to let.此房出租。 ( 巩固提升练 ) 1．（2023上·广东东莞·高一校联考期中）The train (schedule) to arrive at 10:15 am, but it’s running ten minutes late. 2．（2023上·江苏连云港·高一江苏省灌云高级中学校联考期中）The film star (schedule) to arrive in Shanghai at ten o’clock. 3．（2023上·江苏盐城·高一盐城市第一中学校考期中）They say that she (struggle) with eating problems for a long time. 4．（2023上·黑龙江鸡西·高一校联考期中）Great changes (take) place in our city in the past 10 years. 5．（2023上·江苏·高一江苏省天一中学校考期中）This word (origin) from a Latin word and the original meaning is quite different from what it is today. 6．（2023上·江苏南京·高一校联考期中）As soon as he realized he was in danger, he (seek) help from the police at once. 7．（2023上·江苏扬州·高一扬州市广陵区红桥高级中学校考期中）Jack is among the eager readers who (serve) by the mobile library. 8．（2023上·江苏南京·高一南京市秦淮中学校联考期中）We (seek) an answer to the question, but couldn’t find one. 9．（2023上·江苏常州·高一常州市北郊高级中学校考期中）When the child heard t