内容正文:
高考英语语法词汇专项突破:从动词不定式和动名词异同点解读非谓语动词考点+巩固训练
【动词不定式和动名词考题展示】
【考例1】(2023新高考I卷) To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
答案与解析:to bite。考查非谓语动词不定式作宾语。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,用不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put并列作宾语,故填to bite。本题是“连词+不定式”结构,相当于对应的宾语从句。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆破掉。
【考例2】(2022全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
答案与解析:to journey。考查非谓语动词不定式作定语。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。step前面有序数词first,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。
【考例3】(2021全国甲卷)It is possible (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
答案与解析:考查非谓语动词动词不定式作主语。固定句型It +be+adj+to do sth.,it为形式主语,不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。句意:骑行或者走完全程的14公里是可能的。
【考例4】(2021全国乙卷)Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
答案与解析:to have。考查非谓语动词不定式作宾语。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。aim to do为固定短语,表示“旨在,目的是”,符合句意,所以空处应用不定式形式。故填to have。
【考例5】(2020·海南·高考真题)These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders (begin)computer classes.
答案与解析:to begin。考查非谓语动词不定式作主语。本题考查“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构,该结构it作形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。故填to begin。句意:如今,10到12岁的孩子发布自己的网站,二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课,这些都很常见。
【考例6】(2023▪全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years (record) everything I discovered.
答案与解析:recording。考查非谓语动词动名词作宾语。句意:spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语,用动名词形式。故填recording。作为一名摄影师,我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。
【考例7】(2023▪全国甲卷)However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 39 (warn) about environmental destruction.
答案与解析:warning。考查名词。根据句中不定冠词a可知,用可数名词的单数形式,此处的动名词已经完全名词化。故填warning。句意:然而,卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。
【考例8】(2021全国甲卷)After (spend) some time loo