被动语态讲解及综合练习-2024届高三英语一轮复习

被动语态总复习 1、 常见几种时态被动语态谓语动词构成 主动 被动 一般现在时态 do/does 一般过去时态 did 现在进行时态 Is/am/are doing 过去进行时态 Was/were doing 一般将来时态 1)will do; 2) is/am/are doing; 3)is /am/are going to do;4)is/am /are to do; 5) about; 6) do/does 常见三种 过去将来时态 1)would do; 2) was/were doing; 3)was/were going to do;4)was/were to do; 5) about; 常见三种 现在完成时态 have/has done 过去完成时态 had done 含情态动词 can/should/...+do 1. is/am/are done 2. was/were done 3. is/am/are being done 4. was/were being done 5. will be done; is/am/are going to be done; is/am/are to be done 6. would be done; was/were going to be done; was/were to be done 7. have/has been done 8. had been done 9. can/should be done 二、注意事项： 1. 不及物动词无被动语态。如：appear, last, come, go, happen, break out, take place, occur等。 2. 系表结构被动语态。 如sound, look, taste, smell等。 3. 部分短语动词可以带宾语，但没有被动语态，如belong to, add up to, date back to, consist of, take part in等。 4. 有些及物动词也没有被动语态，如have(有), cost, lack(缺少), own等。 5. get构成的表示被动的短语有get paid/used to/lost/hurt/burnt/changed/dressed/promoted等。 6. 当sell, read, keep, wash, write, open, wear, run, burn, close等所在句子有副词easily, well, smoothly, softly等，为不及物动词，不能用被动语态。 1)The kind of cloth washes easily. 2)Have you bought the books that sell well these days? I think it is suitable for us teenagers. 7. 如果要强调执行者，可在后面加by+执行者（代词为宾格）。 Tom/He cleaned all the windows yesterday. All the windows were cleaned by Tom/him. 8. 短语动词的被动句，不要省掉了后面的介词或副词。 Every minute should be made use to make our studies improved. (collection) (在use后加of) 9. Have/has/had been done与have/has/had been doing辨析。 1)He said all the windows _______(already clean). (had already been cleaned) 2)We __________(prepare) for the final exam for a long time. And there are two weeks left. (have been preparing) 10. Make/let等使役动词及see/notice/observe/watch/hear/listen to等感官类动词，省略to的不定式宾补变成被动句后还原to。 He saw a boy fall from a big tree. A boy was seen to fall from a tree. 11. prove后面跟形容词或to be 结构，prove为联系动词，没有被动语态。如