2024年中考英语语法复习-宾语从句专项讲解及练习

宾语从句 一、宾语从句常见的引导词 从句就是从句在主句中充当宾语的成分 He said that he didn't know it. 连接词，时态 和语序 连接词及引导词：that没有意义，只做连接使用，可以省略 I said Kate was good at swimming.我说过凯特擅长游泳，that 省略 当句子中有两个that宾从连用，第一个可省略，第二个不可 He said (that) the film was interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it.他说电影很有趣并且他喜欢看。 What who whose which whom等连接代词，还充当宾语，主语，定语等 I don’t know what they are going to do.我不知道他们打算做什么。 I don’t know whose stole the money.我不知道谁偷了钱。 I don’t know whom you are taking care of.我不知道你在照顾谁。 像when何时 where 何地 why为什么 how如何 等，为连接副词，分别为时间状语，地点状语，原因状语，方式状语. I don’t know when he leaves. 时间状语 I don’t know where he goes. 地点状语 I don’t know why he leaves. 原因状语 I don’t know how he finds her. 方式状语 If/whether 是否 但whether可以与or not连用，if 不可以 He asked me if Miss Gao was a teacher. He asked me whether Miss Gao was a teacher. He asked me whether Miss Gao was a teacher or not. 他问我高小姐是否是一位老师。 I don’t know If/whether it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否下雨。 2、 宾语从句的时态规律 1. 主现在，从随便：主句是现在时的某种时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时）从句可以根据句意选择正确的时态。 I remember he gave me a book yesterday. I remember he has given me a book. I remember he will leave tomorrow. 主语用现在时态，从句任何时态。 2. 主语过去，从句过去 He told me that he would take part in the competition.他告诉我他将参加比赛. He told me that he had finished his homework.他告诉我他已经完成了作业。 3. 客观真理很一般 从句是客观真理，不受主句影响，从句永远用一般现在时。 He told me that the earth is round.他告诉我地球是圆的。 The teacher will tell us why light travels faster than sound. 老师将告诉我们为什么光速比声速快。 3、 宾语从句的语序 I don’t know when he eats. I don’t know where he goes. I don’t know why he leaves. 从句全是用陈述句语序。 我不知道你的名字是什么 I don’t know what your name is. 4、 宾语从句的否定转移 主语是第一人称，谓语是think believe，suppose ，从句的否定句要放在主句中 我认为你是不对的 I don’t think you are right. 我相信他不回来 I don’t believe he will come. 五、宾语从句的简化 I don't know what I can do.=I don't know what to do. Tom hopes that he will be back soon.=Tom hopes to be back soon. Could you tell me how I can get there?=Could you tell me how to get there? 宾语从句专项练习 1．—Do you know ________? —At 11: 14 a.m.on Thursday from the Jiuquan Satellite