专题03 阅读理解说明文&议论文-【好题汇编】备战2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期末真题分类汇编（北京专用）

专题03阅读理解说明文&议论文 ( 经典基础题 ) 1.（2023上·北京昌平·高二统考期末）Scientists are getting a better look at the universe thanks to the new James Webb Space Telescope ( JWST)—the largest, most powerful space telescope ever built. It was sent into space on a rocket on Dec. 25, 2021 and is now located about 1. 6 million kilometres away from Earth. It moves around the sun, keeping in line with Earth. Scientists released the first images taken by the telescope in July 2022. One of these images shows the most distant view of the universe ever seen. Other images from the JWST include Jupiter and Mars, as well as two exoplanets (planets not in our own solar system). The telescope has also captured (捕获) images of the Southern Ring Nebula, a cloud of gas surrounding a dying star, as well as the Carina Nebula, where newly forming stars can be seen. The JWST observes only infrared light. The further away something is in the universe, the longer it takes for its light to reach us on Earth. As light travels through space, it stretches out into longer and longer wavelengths. As it gets longer, it becomes invisible to humans, and is called infrared light. Because the JWST sees infrared light, it is able to see further away—and further back in time—than other telescopes. It also records more details of the objects it observes. Scientists hope this will help them learn more about the origins of the universe, and better understand things like black holes, or how planets and galaxies are formed. The images the telescope sends back to Earth do not look like the photographs we see from scientists. Because the JWST records only infrared light, the images it sends back appear black to a human eye. However, they actually contain many different shades of grey that represent different wavelengths of infrared light. Scientists working with the images use filters ( 过滤器) to separate the different wavelengths. Then they give each wavelength a different colour so it can be seen by a human eye. When all of these fil