易错点08 非谓语动词之动词不定式易错点-备战2024年中考英语考试易错题（全国通用）

易错点08 非谓语动词之动词不定式 在中考语法项目中，主要考查动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语。动词不定式由“to+动词原形” 构成，有时to省略，直接由动词原形构成。否定式由“not to+动词原形” 构成。 如：We decided to go on hiking though we were tired. 虽然我们很累，但是我们决定继续远足。 The girl tried not to wake up her mother. 这女孩尽量不吵醒她妈妈。 动词不定式作宾语 （1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有： learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意 refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望 hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢 help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing) continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing) 如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。 （2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。 如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。 （3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。 如：Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。 1．（2023·江苏镇江中考真题）Travellers can’t wait ________ their new tours in the coming holiday. A．to start B．starting C．started D．start 2．（2023·吉林中考真题）We hope ________ a beautiful home by living a low-carbon life (低碳生活). A．build B．building C．to build 3．（2023·福建中考真题）It’s reported that China plans ________ astronauts to the moon before 2030. A．send B．sending C．to send 4．（2023·江苏扬州中考真题）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club. A．join B．joining C．to join D．to joining 5．（2023·天津·中考真题）David learnt ________ when he was five. A．swim B．swims C．swam D．to swim 6．（2023·海南儋州·统考一模）Holly offered ________ me with my English after she found I had difficulty learning it. A．help B．to help C．helping 7．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州屏东中学校考模拟预测）—The light in the office is still on. —Oh, I forgot ________. A．turning it off B．turn it off C．to turn it off 8．（2023·西藏日喀则·统考二模）We found ________ very interesting ________ English. A．it; learning B．it; to learn C．that; to learn D．this; learning